scholarly journals Textual Variants and Textual Criticism in the Works of Rabbenu Tam: Between Theory and Practice

AJS Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-162
Author(s):  
Avraham (Rami) Reiner
Keyword(s):  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
Babylonian Talmud ◽  
Textual Transmission ◽  
Textual Variants ◽  
The Relationship

Rabbi Jacob ben Meir, better known as Rabbenu Tam (1100–1171), is famous for his radical interpretations of the Talmud and his influence in matters of Halakhah. Less well known is his abiding interest in the textual transmission of the Talmud and its manuscripts. Rabbenu Tam was well aware of the redactional layers within the Talmud, and in many instances, claimed that certain sentences were a later addition to the Talmud inserted by students and copyists over the generations. As a result, Rabbenu Tam did not hesitate to challenge the binding legal authority of those accretions. The introduction to Rabbenu Tam's Sefer ha-yashar argues that the received text of the Babylonian Talmud was corrupt and that the text had been influenced by glosses suggested by Rashi and other sages. In his opinion, textual corrections ought to be raised in the context of commentaries and not inserted within the Talmud itself. This article will describe the relationship between the principles proposed in the introduction to Sefer ha-yashar and Rabbenu Tam's actual engagement with the talmudic text in his exegesis.

scholarly journals Die tekskritiek van die Nuwe Testament (2): ’n Oefening in teorie en praktyk

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-26
Author(s):  
L. D. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
1 Corinthians ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
John 1 ◽  
Balanced Approach ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Textual Variants

The textual criticism of the New Testament (2): An exercise in theory and practice This concluding article on New Testament textual criticism focuses on the practical application of a workable method for the evaluation of textual variants in the manuscripts of the New Testament. Six variation units displaying a wide variety of textual problems are discussed, viz the ending of Mark’s gospel, the theological/christological problem in John 1:18, the possible conjectural emendation in Acts 16:12, the ortographical variation in Romans 5:1, the doxology at the end of Romans, and the so-called “command to silence” in 1 Corinthians 14:34-35. The next result in each case does not necessarily produce rousing new insights, but it underlines the need for a balanced approach which weighs all the evidence without prejudice before making a decision on the value of a textual variant.

scholarly journals Editors, texts, and performance: the value of textual criticism in the age of relativity

Literator ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
A. M. Potter
Keyword(s):  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Accurate Assessment ◽  
Editorial Work ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

The article is an attempt in part to refute what are seen as gross distortions of the work of Shakespeare’s editors in a recently-published article by Johannes Birringer. Initially the work of such editors is analysed, with particular emphasis being placed on their acknowledgement of the tentative nature of their conclusions, in refutation of Birringer’s claim that they are obsessed with ‘authority’ and definitive texts. It is then pointed out that Birringer bases his argument on a false perception of the relationship between text and performance in the Elizabethan theatre, and the value of sound editorial work is then indicated, based on a more accurate assessment of this relationship. The argument is then extended into a more general discussion of the attitudes underlying Birringer’s article, which are questioned in a number of ways on the basis of the contradiction between theory and practice.

The Relationship between Paleography and Textual Criticism: Textual Variants Due to Graphic Similarity between the Masoretic Text and the Samaritan Pentateuch as a Test Case

Textus ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
Hila Dayfani
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Masoretic Text ◽  
Specific Stage ◽  
Textual Variants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Central Claim

AbstractAlmost from the inception of the textual analysis of the Hebrew Bible, scholars recognized that certain textual variants were caused by the interchange of letters bearing graphic similarity. This article focuses on a small number of interchanges between the Masoretic Text (MT) and the Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) and studies their possible paleographic context. The central claim of the paper is that it is possible to identify the scripts used in which the changes occurred and in some instances, even the specific stage of development of the script. The paleographic conclusion that arises from the evidence presented is that the Samaritan version developed from earlier versions that were transmitted in Paleo-Hebrew and in square script, or that the Samaritan version was transmitted in its early stages in both of these scripts. The SP itself reached us in a still later script, the Samaritan script, which developed from the Paleo-Hebrew script.

Explicitness in New Testament Textual Criticism

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C.J. Riley
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Gospel Of John ◽  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Textual Transmission ◽  
Textual Variants

AbstractAt least since the time of Westcott and Hort, the concept of explicitness has been used in the practice of New Testament textual criticism. However, until now, the concept has not been defined or tested. This article examines how explicitness has been understood and used by textual critics, and then outlines how linguistics can support the application of this concept in understanding textual transmission. It then tests the validity of the concept of explicitness for textual criticism in comparison to the results of applying traditional internal and external criteria. It also demonstrates the explanatory power of explicitness by evaluating select textual variants in the Gospel of John. It concludes that the use of explicitness for the evaluation of variants is linguistically coherent and text-critically valid and can assist in the identification of the most primitive reading.

A Note on the Publication History of John Polidori's The Vampyre

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-343
Author(s):  
Fabio Camilletti
Keyword(s):  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Publication History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Opening Up

It is generally assumed that The Vampyre was published against John Polidori's will. This article brings evidence to support that he played, in fact, an active role in the publication of his tale, perhaps as a response to Frankenstein. In particular, by making use of the tools of textual criticism, it demonstrates how the ‘Extract of a Letter from Geneva’ accompanying The Vampyre in The New Monthly Magazine and in volume editions could not be written without having access to Polidori's Diary. Furthermore, it hypothesizes that the composition of The Vampyre, traditionally located in Geneva in the course of summer 1816, can be postdated to 1818, opening up new possibilities for reading the tale in the context of the relationship between Polidori, Byron, and the Shelleys.

Critical self-reflection: A performative act 批判的自己内省 ―パフォーマティヴな実践―

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Misako Tajima
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
English Learner ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
The Relationship

Autobiographic and narrative research has recently grown in stature in the field of social sciences. Inspired by Asian TESOL researchers’ critical analyses of self-stories, this paper attempts to reflect upon the author’s personal history in relation to English and discuss ways in which she can position herself as both an English learner and a non-native English speaker (NNES) teacher. The self-reflection and discussion is followed by an argument for performativity, a notion drawing on poststructuralism to understand language itself and the global spread of English. This paper, itself a performative act conducted by a secondary school teacher, exemplifies the concept. The non-academic schoolteacher’s very act of writing in an academic journal aims to contribute to questioning assumptions underlying the relationship between theory and practice and to reconstituting the academic fields of applied linguistics and TESOL. 近年、自伝的かつ語りを含む研究が社会科学の分野で活発になってきている。本稿では、TESOLを専門とする、あるアジア人研究者が彼女たち自身の物語を素材として実施した批判的分析に着想を得て、英語にまつわる自己の歴史を振り返り、英語学習者としての、またNNESの英語教師としてのポジショナリティをどこに位置づけるのかという問題について議論する。さらに、この批判的自己内省を経て、言語そのもの、あるいは英語という言語の地球規模的広がりを理解するために、ポスト構造主義の概念であるパフォーマティヴィティについて検証する。なお、本稿これ自体がある高校教師によるパフォーマティヴな実践であることに言及しておきたい。研究者ではなく、一高校教師が学術雑誌に投稿することを通じ、理論と実践の関係性の背後にある前提に疑問を投げかけ、その結果、応用言語学やTESOLという学問分野の再構築に貢献できることを希望している。

The Tent of Meeting and the Women’s Mirrors in 1 Sam 2:22 and Exod 38:8

Textus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-192
Author(s):  
Domenico Lo Sardo
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Critical Problem ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This article evaluates the relationship between the texts of 1 Sam 2:22 and Exod 38:8 using a methodology that proceeds from textual criticism to literary criticism. According to a traditional text-critical approach of the available textual witnesses (MT, LXX, 4QSama), the short reading of 1 Sam 2:22 found in LXXB 4QSama is preferable to that of MT. By contrast, using a literary critical approach, this article proposes that MT-Exod 38:8 depends on MT-1 Sam 2:22 and not vice versa. MT-1 Sam 2:22 has greater affinity with Num 4:23 and 8:24 regarding the terminology used for the women’s ‘cultic service’ at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. 1 Sam 2:22b ought to be regarded as a post-P addition made after the text of the LXX had been translated from the Hebrew. For Exod 38:8 and related texts, we examine the role of the Vetus Latina in resolving this text-critical problem.

Dave Snowden on KM and big data/analytics: interview with David J. Pauleen

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Pauleen
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Company ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Scientific Officer

Purpose Dave Snowden has been an important voice in knowledge management over the years. As the founder and chief scientific officer of Cognitive Edge, a company focused on the development of the theory and practice of social complexity, he offers informative views on the relationship between big data/analytics and KM. Design/methodology/approach A face-to-face interview was held with Dave Snowden in May 2015 in Auckland, New Zealand. Findings According to Snowden, analytics in the form of algorithms are imperfect and can only to a small extent capture the reasoning and analytical capabilities of people. For this reason, while big data/analytics can be useful, they are limited and must be used in conjunction with human knowledge and reasoning. Practical implications Snowden offers his views on big data/analytics and how they can be used effectively in real world situations in combination with human reasoning and input, for example in fields from resource management to individual health care. Originality/value Snowden is an innovative thinker. He combines knowledge and experience from many fields and offers original views and understanding of big data/analytics, knowledge and management.

Critical philology and Dante’s Commedia: A couple of thoughts and a few examples

2021 ◽  
pp. 001458582110225
Author(s):  
Paolo Trovato
Keyword(s):  
Textual Criticism ◽  
Torquato Tasso ◽  
Critical Thought ◽  
Textual Editing ◽  
Textual Transmission ◽  
Pietro Aretino

Not only literary students, but also well-known scholars share the idea that the reconstruction of a text is a routine job which leaves little room for creativity. After some 40 years during which I have edited or prepared the edition of works of Machiavelli ( Discorso intorno alla nostra lingua), Pietro Aretino ( Cortegiana) and Torquato Tasso ( Aminta), and 17 years devoted to the textual transmission and the text of Dante’s  Commedia, I think that, except for the first phases of the job, textual editing requires almost constant critical thought and interpretation. I shall present a little series of examples, mostly from Dante’s Commedia, with cases ranging from decisions in the realm of accidentals to rather complicated choices among competing substantial readings and to the risky enterprise of emendation against all the witnesses of the work. While these examples can give an idea of the novelty of some solutions of my forthcoming edition (the introduction and  Inferno will appear in the summer of 2021), in my view, they seem to confirm the opinion of the great classical philologist Giorgio Pasquali, for whom textual criticism isn’t mechanical; it is methodical.

Does sustainable consumption make consumers happy?

2021 ◽  
pp. 147078532110304
Author(s):  
Encarnación Ramos-Hidalgo ◽  
Rosalia Diaz-Carrion ◽  
Carlos Rodríguez-Rad
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Behavior ◽  
Unethical Behavior ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Ethical Consumption ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The importance of ethical behavior in consumers has never been so evident, and in recent years, researchers have generated a great deal of knowledge about ethical consumption. The search for happiness in consumption has been a recurrent line of research by academics of the management and, mainly, the marketing fields. Our study analyses the relationship between ethical and sustainable behavior in consumption and the achievement of consumer happiness. Employing structural equations, the findings of the study suggest that there is a positive relationship between consumers’ predisposition toward sustainable behavior and happiness. In addition, the findings indicate that, when there are reasons to justify unethical behavior in consumption, the consumer also manages to be happier. Important implications for theory and practice are derived from the results. Emphasizing the benefits of sustainable consumption for enhancing happiness might instigate sustainable consumption, especially in the case of those consumers who do not have a positive attitude toward sustainable consumption.

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