Reducing nutrient enrichment of waterways through public education: a tale of two cities

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon Howard ◽  
Daryl McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Nutrient Enrichment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Murray Darling Basin ◽  
Phosphorus Loads

Eutrophication of waterways, expressed as excess growth of cyanobacteria, is frequently caused by excessive inputs of phosphorus. Human activities are often the origin of such nutrient enrichment and so many governments have addressed the issue by implementing a range of technological, legislative and biological measures. By contrast, Australia has taken a different approach and also relied heavily on public education. This paper compares the success of two of these ‘Phoswatch’ public education programmes. One campaign occurred within the Murray-Darling Basin in a country town called Albury-Wodonga. The other occurred within the Hawkesbury-Nepean Basin in the western suburbs of Sydney. The campaigns were evaluated using a series of community surveys and by monitoring phosphorus loads at a sewage treatment plant. The Albury-Wodonga campaign was the most effective of the two campaigns with increases in the number of people reporting a range of behaviours and these resulted in a decrease in phosphorus loads entering the local treatment plant. The comparison suggests that clear simple messages, a diversity of media exposure, and some form of feedback are critical to programme success. It is concluded that campaigns such as Phoswatch can provide a long term, cost effective way of addressing eutrophication by focusing on the problem at source and creating community support for an integrated strategy.

Future proof decentralised sludge recycling Elodry-pro®

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-848
Author(s):  
B. Geraats ◽  
M. Parnowska ◽  
L. Kox
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Nox Formation

Abstract At Linz-Unkel (Germany) sewage treatment plant the first full scale state-of-art EloDry-Pro® plant for sewage sludge has been constructed, consisting of the PYREG® reactor and the EloDry® belt dryer. The system is characterised by small footprint, flexibility, modular design and efficient energy management. The sludge dried using an EloDry® belt dryer undergoes staged combustion using the PYREG® module at around 6,500°C. This reduces the sludge to a fraction of its original volume while disinfecting it and removing micro-pollutants such as pharmaceutical residues. The residual ash, which has a high percentage of plant-available phosphorus, is then supplied to the fertiliser industry as a recycled raw material. The working principle of EloDry-Pro® installation, including heat flows of the system, is presented. The paper describes Pyreg®'s advanced emission control systems, preventing NOx formation and removing harmful substances such as mercury and sulphur. The EloDry-Pro® technology is an innovative and cost-effective approach to decentralised thermal recycling of sewage sludge. Both sewage sludge volumes and transportation costs are reduced by up to 90%, therefore making it a low carbon cost-effective alternative to the transportation of sludge and allowing local sludge processing at plants under 100 k population.

Economic Analysis of Electroplating Discharges to Sewage Treatment Plants

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Norman D. Looker ◽  
Edward .A. McBean ◽  
Grahame J. Farquhar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Plating Plant

Abstract A comparison of costs of implementing an advanced wastewater treatment system for a cadmium plating plant, versus the sludge disposal costs of the sewage treatment plant to which the plating plant is discharging its effluent, is described. An economic analysis spreadsheet approach using Lotus 1-2-3 is employed. A case study application demonstrates for overall society net benefit that it is cost-effective to initiate pretreatment at electroplating facilities which allows a municipal facility to dispose of its sludge on agricultural land rather than be required for landfilling. Sensitivity analyses to market interest rate, sludge production, sludge disposal fees and drag-out rates are explored.

scholarly journals Local treatment of leachate from MSW landfills using soil plant - system

2019 ◽  
pp. 321-334
Author(s):  
Lars Thörneby ◽  
William Hogland ◽  
Erling Alm ◽  
Anders Lind´en ◽  
Hans Dahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant

Landfill leachate is identified as an environmental concern, as it contains both eutrophicating and hannful substances. Collection and treatment of leachate is therefore a necessity and most landfills in Sweden treat the leachate before discharge into any recipient. More and more landfills changes to local treatment and at Moskogen and Hedeskoga landfills Soil-Plant (SP) systems were designed to replace the conventional treatment of leachate at the municipal sewage treatment plant. Installed in 1998, the SP-system at Moskogen have removal efficiency today for some key parameters of about: 97% for BOD; 41 % for COD; and for NH4-N 99%. The SP-system at Hedeskoga was planted with cuttings (Salix) in the spring of 1999 and the system was put into operation in the summer and the removal efficiencies for pollutants in the ponds was in July for: BOD 80%; COD 65%; Tot-N 87%; and NH4-N 94%.

Performance evaluation and sustainable, cost-effective and energy-efficient process enhancement measures for Pagla sewage treatment plant, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 150-164
Author(s):  
Arfaa Feezanul Islam ◽  
Faria Tabassum ◽  
Nadim Reza Khandaker
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Functional Problems

At present, Pagla Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) is the only sewage treatment plant in Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, with a capacity to treat 120 million litres per day (MLD) of sewage. Evidence suggests that the plant is overburdened and cannot by itself handle the wastewater generated in Dhaka. Furthermore, the treatment plant is hampered by a number of functional problems which limit both its capacity to treat wastewater, and the efficiency of the treatment process. Rectifying the functional problems of the plant and implementing enhancement measures would greatly improve the functionality of Pagla STP. A thorough evaluation was carried out on the performance of the plant and a detailed process flow diagram developed. Several functional problems were identified, mostly pertaining to the primary sedimentation tanks and the unused sludge lagoons. The influent and effluent characteristics of Pagla STP were also assessed using BOD5 values as the primary criteria. It was found that the influent BOD5 value was 832 mg/L and effluent BOD5 was 497.5 mg/L, against design values of 120 mg/L and 50 mg/L respectively. Based on the evaluation, theoretical analysis was done, and a sustainable, cost and energy efficient retrofit was proposed whereby the sludge lagoons would be converted to anaerobic lagoons to facilitate biological pretreatment. It is estimated that implementing such an enhancement would increase the treatment capacity of the plant beyond its original design. Furthermore, theoretical calculations show up to 5,000 m3 of methane gas can be generated daily from the plant, which is enough to power 6,000 homes with renewable energy.

scholarly journals Renewable energy from biogas generated by sewage sludge – relationship between sludge volume and power generated

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Suzana Ramli ◽  
Aminuddin Mohd Baki ◽  
Muhamad Azmi Ayub ◽  
Suhaimi Abdul Talib ◽  
Ramlah Mohd Tajuddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Cost

Biogas is a product of decomposition of organic matter during the process of anaerobic digestion (AD). The main components are methane and carbon dioxide. The methane content in the biogas enables it to be used as fuel which can be converted to heat and electricity. The biogas generated by the anaerobic digesters has the potential to be redirected from the flaring facilities to renewable energy (RE) facilities. The biogas may then be used to generate electricity, which in turn can operate the sewage treatment plant (STP) itself. However, feedbacks from the sewerage industry indicated that heavy investments are needed for any RE initiatives on biogas generated by sewage sludge. In order to find the cost effective way of generating energy from biogas, fundamental relationships are necessary to enable development of prototype in the future. Thus, this paper presents a study to establish the relationship between the volume of sludge and the amount of power and energy that can be generated.

scholarly journals SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT SINGLE FAMILY

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Ernesto RAIZER NETO ◽  
Júlio Dias do PRADO ◽  
Marlon Leal MARCELINO ◽  
Glicia Gabriela VIEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Notch Filter ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
National Average ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Direct Discharge

Currently there is great concern about the lack of drinking water in the world, today Brazil has already suffered the consequences by waste and improper disposal of waste, suffering already with several forced rationing. Improper disposal of sewage is the main cause of soil pollution, groundwater, surface water sources and water courses in Santa Catarina. Among the existing municipalities in the state, only 8% are met with services by the sewage system, while the national average is 19%. More efficient existing sewage treatment systems are extremely large, with this in order to solve the problems with the incorrect disposal of sewage, as well as an efficient and cost-effective treatment, a small health treatment plant was designed, to meet families of up to 4 residents with similar price to the notch filter system, but more efficiently, allowing direct discharge into storm beds, even the reuse of water for irrigation systems. The prototype was installed on 10.8.2014, and performed all tests ordered by law to date. The results were encouraging, given both technical and financial.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology for water purification: electrospun nanofibrous membrane in water and wastewater treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Tlili ◽  
Tawfeeq Abdullah Alkanhal
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Distillation

Abstract The need for beneficial innovations in filtration expertise has lead to little consideration of cutting-edge materials, such as nanofiber membranes for water distillation. The presence of organic matter and traces of organics accumulation in wastewater poses a major problem and current technologies such as coagulation/flocculation and chlorine technology are unable to yield satisfying results. The extra volume of sludge generated by these technologies needs further processing and disposal. Nanotechnology has outstanding potential for filtration applications due to its capability to create precise structural controlled materials for such requirements. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes (ENMs) are cutting edge membrane technology that offer substantial high flux and high rejection rates compared to conventional membranes. ENMs present a revolution in water and sewage purification by offering a lightweight, cost-effective, and lower energy consumption process compared with conventional membranes. ENMs possess high porosity, generally approximately 80%, while conventional membranes have 5–35% porosity. Nano-engineered membranes have great potential in water treatment due to their exotic properties. In this connection, electrospinning membranes are emerging as a versatile technique with promising features for water treatment. This work highlights the application of ENM in wastewater treatment and surface modification of nanomembranes in order to address fouling issues and wastewater treatment from Tabuk Sewage Treatment Plant, Saudi Arabia.

The Optimized Model of Town Sewage Structure Charge and its Computing

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 1190-1193
Author(s):  
Zhang E Peng ◽  
Jian Ping Luo ◽  
Xia Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Spanning Tree ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pipe Network ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Sewage Pipe ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Shortest Distance

In reference to international regional sewage pipe network and sewage treatment plant planning, the actual situation of China's villages and small town was investigated. According to the costs data from presented sewage pipe and sewage treatment plant construction system, the model on the sewage pipe network and sewage treatment plant charge was obtained. Then the model was simplified to be calculating the shortest distance between the wastewater treatment plant and the effluent discharge point. The suitable computing method for the shortest distance is building the minimum spanning tree. The software for computing was written with prim algorithm. The computing results can be used as a planning and design reference of sewage pipe network. The model method can be used for design program to select long-distance transmission or local treatment of the sewage.

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