The internal structure of medullated wool

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
Leo Barish
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Wool Fiber ◽  
Guard Hair ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Thin Skin ◽  
Air Pockets

Although most of the wool used today consists of fine, unmedullated down-type fibers, a great deal of coarse wool is used for carpets, tweeds, industrial fabrics, etc. Besides the obvious diameter difference, coarse wool fibers are often medullated.Medullation may be easily observed using bright field light microscopy. Fig. 1A shows a typical fine diameter nonmedullated wool fiber, Fig. IB illustrates a coarse fiber with a large medulla. The opacity of the medulla is due to the inability of the mounting media to penetrate to the center of the fiber leaving air pockets. Fig. 1C shows an even thicker fiber with a very large medulla and with very thin skin. This type of wool is called “Kemp”, is shed annually or more often, and corresponds to guard hair in fur-bearing animals.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly and Highly Efficient Enzyme-Based Wool Shrinkproofing Finishing by Multiple Padding Techniques

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Wang ◽  
Jinbo Yao ◽  
Jiarong Niu ◽  
Jianyong Liu ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Disulfide Bond ◽  
Continuous Production ◽  
Wool Fiber ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Chlorination Process ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Catalytic Rate

Wool fibers usually need shrinkproofing finishing. The enzyme process is an eco-friendly technology but the traditional exhaustion treatment usually takes excessive time. This study developed a novel multiple padding shrinkproofing process of wool with Savinase 16L and an organic phosphine compound {[HO(CH2)n]3P, n ∈ (1, 10)}. SEM and XPS analyses were employed to compare the wool treated respectively by exhaustion and by padding to reveal the effect of multiple padding. The results showed that treated wool fiber achieved the requirement of machine-washable (area shrinkage less than 8% according to standard TM 31 5 × 5A) in 2.5 min by the padding process. The padding process can control the adsorbance of enzyme on wool, which makes treatment more uniform and avoids strong damage of the wool. Also, the removal efficiency of the disulfide bond was about 15 times as much as in the exhaustion treatment in 2.5 min. The average catalytic rate of the padding process was 14 times faster than the exhaustion process, and the process time (2.5 min) decreased by 32.5 min compared with the exhaustion process (35 min). Multiple padding techniques can achieve continuous production and replace the environmentally harmful chlorination process. Our results provide the underlying insights needed to guide the research of the enzyme process application.

scholarly journals VARIATIONS IN THE STRUCTURE OF MITOCHONDRIA

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Intracellular Membranes ◽  
Janus Green ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Shape Complexity

A characteristic internal structure, consisting of a double-layered outer wall enclosing a matrix-filled space through which pass double-layered membranous folds, would appear to comprise as satisfactory a definition of mitochondria for electron microscopy as their intravital affinity for Janus green affords for light microscopy. Relying for identification upon this characteristic internal structure, mitochondria appear to be pleomorphic structures which vary in size, shape, complexity, and density. They are labile also in that their number may increase or decrease under controlled conditions. The possibility therefore exists that these organelles are constantly being formed and destroyed, perhaps by their participation in metabolic processes. The problem of the origin of mitochondria is in an unsatisfactory state. New organelles unquestionably are formed in particular physiological states. The possibility that new bodies are produced by fission of ones already present does not seem adequate. On the other hand, the possible fabrication of new mitochondria out of intracellular membranes, although an attractive hypothesis, has not been adequately substantiated.

Diameter and strength of Ethiopian pure and cross-breed sheep wool fibers

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 155892502110469
Author(s):  
Dereje Berihun Sitotaw ◽  
Addisu Ferede Tesema ◽  
Adane Haile Woldemariam
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Wool Fiber ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Breed Sheep ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Sheep Wool

The wool fibers fineness and strength have a remarkable role to determine the quality of yarn and the subsequent fabrics. The fineness property of the wool fibers is a crucially important fiber property for grading, classifying, selecting for particular applications such as for suit, blanket, shirt, carpet, and so on. The fineness and strength properties of four indigenous (Menz, Wollo, Farta, Tikur), three exotic (Awasi, Dorper, Corrediale), and four cross-breed (50% Dorper, 50% Awasi, 75% Awsi, Washera/Awasi) sheep wool fibers from the four main body parts (sides, neck, back, and belly) at six teeth removed age of 11 different sheep breeds have been investigated. The samples of wool fibers have been conditioned for 24 h at 20ºC ± 1ºC temperature and 65% ± 2% relative humidity. The specimen for sampling has been determined based on ASTM D2130-01. The results revealed that the fineness and strength of whole fibers taken from different parts of sample sheep varied significantly within the breed and among the breeds. The result revealed that the strength and fineness of the wool fibers have a positive correlation and Ethiopian sheep wool fiber is suitable for numerous types of classical and technical applications.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic Modeling of Mineral Wool Fiber Suspensions in a Two-Dimensional Flow

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory M. Cartland Glover ◽  
Alexander Grahn ◽  
Eckhard Krepper ◽  
Frank-Peter Weiss ◽  
So¨ren Alt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Mineral Wool ◽  
Wool Fiber ◽  
Turbulent Dispersion ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Fiber Suspensions ◽  
Loss Of Coolant Accident ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Two Dimensional Flow ◽  
Mineral Wool Fiber

A consequence of a loss of coolant accident is that the local insulation material is damaged and maybe transported to the containment sump where it can penetrate and/or block the sump strainers. An experimental and theoretical study, which examines the transport of mineral wool fibers via single and multi-effect experiments is being performed. This paper focuses on the experiments and simulations performed for validation of numerical models of sedimentation and resuspension of mineral wool fiber agglomerates in a racetrack type channel. Three velocity conditions are used to test the response of two dispersed phase fiber agglomerates to two drag correlations and to two turbulent dispersion coefficients. The Eulerian multiphase flow model is applied with either one or two dispersed phases.

scholarly journals Amphotericin-B promotes leukocyte aggregation of nylon-wool-fiber- treated polymorphonuclear leukocytes

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
LA Boxer ◽  
LM Ingraham ◽  
J Allen ◽  
RS Oseas ◽  
RL Baehner
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Pulmonary Hemorrhage ◽  
Lactic Dehydrogenase ◽  
Wool Fiber ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Pulmonary Tissue ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Nylon Wool

Abstract Severe pulmonary reactions have been reported in patients receiving leukocyte transfusion and amphotericin-B. To study the interaction of amphotericin-B with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), purified human PMN were incubated with 200 mg of nylon wool fiber for 60 min either in the absence or presence of 2 mM EDTA. PMN were recovered in acid citrate dextrose solution and were suspended in balanced salt solution for determination of their aggregation properties. The cells exposed to nylon wool fibers without EDTA aggregated in response to concentration as low as 1.25 micrograms/ml of amphotericin-B. Cells initially treated with EDTA, however, failed to aggregate. Serum from a patient treated with amphotericin-B aggregated PMN exposed to nylon wool fiber but not control cells, whereas serum taken before amphotericin was given without effect on the PMN treated with nylon wool fiber. Amphotericin-B at 5 micrograms/ml failed to potentiate the release of beta- glucocuronidase or lactic dehydrogenase by PMN treated by nylon wool beyond that seen with exposure to the fibers alone. Rabbit peripheral blood was similarly incubated with nylon wool fibers and the recovered PMN were infused into recipient rabbits that had received 1 mg/kg of amphotericin-B intravenously 1 hr prior to the infusion of the leukocytes. Rabbits were sacrificed 30 min after transfusion of PMN, and their lungs were excised for histologic sectioning. Those rabbits receiving a combination of amphotericin-B and 4 x 10(7) nylon-wool- fiber-treated PMN had evidence of pulmonary hemorrhage and accumulation of leukocytes in the pulmonary vasculature whereas those animals who received such cells alone had normal appearing lung tissue. In summary, amphotericin-B at concentrations achievable in vivo enhanced the aggregation of PMN damaged by incubation with nylon fiber with subsequent accumulation of the phagocytes in pulmonary tissue.

Study of Starch Using Bright Field and Polarized Light Microscopy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Kant Singh ◽  
Yogendra Yadav ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
Ajitesh Singh ◽  
Debabrata Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Polarized Light Microscopy ◽  
Bright Field

Contribution of the Tribal Study to the Effectiveness of the Wool Fiber Composite Compared to Fiberglass Composite Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 406 ◽  
pp. 492-504
Author(s):  
Noureddine Kacimi ◽  
Ahmed Tafraoui
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Glass Wool ◽  
Wool Fiber ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
Geometric Precision ◽  
Fiberglass Composite

In the field of economic and ecological material research which can replace the composite material currently used in several fields such as glass wool, research leads to a comparison of the mechanical properties and the quality of plates made from recycled materials with those of glass wool, in particular in terms of surface condition and geometric precision thus. In this study, we recycled and used damaged wool fibers in a composite material; the results showed that the new product has mechanical characteristics similar to those of fiberglass composite materials. The recycling of wool fiber reduces the cost of a product made of composite materials, with the possibility of a later study of the machinability of the plates made from this material and its use in various sectors.

scholarly journals Measurement of the Point- and Line-Spread Functions Enables Deconvolution in Bright Field Light Microscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 795a-796a
Author(s):  
Carmen N. Hernandez Candia ◽  
Braulio Gutierrez Medina
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Line Spread

The random-beard image method system for scoured combed wool fiber length measurement

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 4746-4755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiqin Wu ◽  
Fumei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Length ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Length Measurement ◽  
Wool Fiber ◽  
Image Method ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Wool Fibers ◽  
High Consistency

This paper introduces a new developed wool fiber length imaging measurement instrument, named the random-beard image method, an applied fibrogram method of wool fiber length measurement. It includes four parts, namely the fiber beard preparation, image acquisition and fibrograms and fiber length parameter calculation using the dual beard and a new calculation method of Hauteur length (mean fiber length biased by the cross-section of the fibers). To check the accuracy of the built instrument, the international standard fiber length measurement instrument, the Almeter100, was used as the reference method for comparison. Hence, 10 kinds of wool fibers were measured with both methods and the results showed that four fiber length parameters, the Barbe length (weighted mean length), Hauteur length, the coefficient of variation of the Barbe length and the Hauteur length of the two methods, have high consistency. An F-test was also applied to test the repeatability of these two methods measuring another three kinds of wool fibers five times. It was found that, under the significance level of α = 0.05, the repeatability of both methods is on the same level.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document