Structure-property relationships of PE/PP sandwiched films

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
J. Petermann ◽  
G. Broza ◽  
U. Rieck ◽  
A. Jaballah ◽  
A. Kawaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Ionic Crystals ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Oriented Films ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Polymer Laminates ◽  
Heated Glass

Oriented overgrowth of polymer materials onto ionic crystals is well known and recently it was demonstrated that this epitaxial crystallisation can also occur in polymer/polymer systems, under certain conditions. The morphologies and the resulting physical properties of such systems will be presented, especially the influence of epitaxial interfaces on the adhesion of polymer laminates and the mechanical properties of epitaxially crystallized sandwiched layers.Materials used were polyethylene, PE, Lupolen 6021 DX (HDPE) and 1810 D (LDPE) from BASF AG; polypropylene, PP, (PPN) provided by Höchst AG and polybutene-1, PB-1, Vestolen BT from Chemische Werke Hüls. Thin oriented films were prepared according to the method of Petermann and Gohil, by winding up two different polymer films from two separately heated glass-plates simultaneously with the help of a motor driven cylinder. One double layer was used for TEM investigations, while about 1000 sandwiched layers were taken for mechanical tests.

Approaches for TEM imaging of cavitation in toughened nylon

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Shear Yield ◽  
Controversial Topic ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Diamond Knife

A controversial topic in the study of structure-property relationships of toughened polymer systems is the internal cavitation of toughener particles resulting from damage on impact or tensile deformation.Detailed observations of the influence of morphological characteristics such as particle size distribution on deformation mechanisms such as shear yield and cavitation could provide valuable guidance for selection of processing conditions, but TEM observation of damaged zones presents some experimental difficulties.Previously published TEM images of impact fractured toughened nylon show holes but contrast between matrix and toughener is lacking; other systems investigated have clearly shown cavitated impact modifier particles. In rubber toughened nylon, the physical characteristics of cavitated material differ from undamaged material to the extent that sectioning of heavily damaged regions by cryoultramicrotomy with a diamond knife results in sections of greater than optimum thickness (Figure 1). The detailed morphology is obscured despite selective staining of the rubber phase using the ruthenium trichloride route to ruthenium tetroxide.

scholarly journals Yellow electrochromic polymer materials with fine tuning electrofluorescences by adjusting steric hindrance of side chains

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (41) ◽  
pp. 25444-25449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Liu ◽  
Yuchen Shi ◽  
Jingchuan Wu ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Jianming Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steric Hindrance ◽  
External Potential ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Electrochromic Polymer

A series of novel conducting conjugated yellow-to-transmissive electrochromic (EC) polymers were designed to research their structure–property relationships, achieving electrofluorescent (EF) switching with applied external potential.

scholarly journals Temperature-dependent modulation by biaryl-based monomers of the chain length and morphology of biphenyl-based supramolecular polymers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Meijer ◽  
Lafayette L.N.J. De Windt ◽  
Brigitte Lamers ◽  
Elisabeth E. Weyandt ◽  
Mark Antonius Johannes Koenis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Supramolecular Polymers ◽  
Supramolecular Polymer ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Structure Property Relationships

Supramolecular copolymerizations offer attractive options to introduce structural and functional diversity in supramolecular polymer materials. Yet, general principles and structure-property relationships for rational comonomer design remain lacking. Here, we report...

Improved Understanding of Damage Precursors Through Local Mechanical Characterization

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Cole ◽  
Ed M. Habtour
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Mechanical Characterization ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Aerospace Materials ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Affect Processing

We report on the use of local mechanical characterization techniques for the understanding of structural damage precursors in various material systems. Instrumented indentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize local damage in: (1) fatigued metallic beams subject to non-linear vibration, (2) individual polymer and glass microfibers, and (3) additive manufactured thermoplastics. Indentation studies of the fatigued metallic beams showed a compliance effect of up to 40% in relatively highly stressed regions. An approved fiber mounting technique allowed for indentation of unmodified surfaces of single microfibers, while AFM modulus maps of the fibers reveal local regions of relative compliance. Local mechanical tests of 3-D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene specimens revealed a variation in properties between printed beads and bead-bead interfaces. The nano-/micro-scale techniques developed in the present study provide a framework for understanding how damage precursors may affect processing-structure-property relationships in present and future structural aerospace materials.

scholarly journals Understanding structure–property relationships of main chain cyclopropane in linear polyesters

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (39) ◽  
pp. 6251-6258
Author(s):  
Connor J. Stubbs ◽  
Andrew P. Dove
Keyword(s):  
Main Chain ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Rigid Ring ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Ring Structures

Rigid ring structures have gained increasing interest in the polymer materials community as an effective means to manipulate bulk properties. Here, we investigate structure–property relationships of the smallest ring: cyclopropane.

The Application of Atomic Force Microscopy to the Characterization of Industrial Polymer Materials

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 464-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg K. Bar ◽  
Gregory F. Meyers
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Porous Polymer ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is now well established among the tools of choice for the analysis and characterization of materials.Applications of AFM span many industries including chemicals, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and semiconductors.Advancements in AFM instrumentation over the last five years have expanded the range of application of this technology to investigate thermal and mechanical properties of complex materials at high spatial resolution as well as structural and morphological characterization of materials subjected to thermal and mechanical stresses.In particular, this has been an enabling technology for an improved understanding of structure–property relationships in polymeric materials including homopolymers, blends, impact-modified polymer systems, porous polymer systems, and semicrystalline polymers.Practical examples illustrate applications of contact, tapping-mode, phase-imaging, hot-stage, and scanning thermal methods for the characterization of modern industrial polymer materials.

scholarly journals Processing-Structure-Property Relationships for Lignin-Based Carbonaceous Materials Used in Energy-Storage Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1311-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie García-Negrón ◽  
Nathan D. Phillip ◽  
Jianlin Li ◽  
Claus Daniel ◽  
David Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Materials Used

Structural Materials: Understanding Atomic-Scale Microstructures

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 725-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle A. Marquis ◽  
Michael K. Miller ◽  
Didier Blavette ◽  
Simon P. Ringer ◽  
Chantal K. Sudbrack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atom Probe ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Alloy Properties

AbstractWith the ability to locate and identify atoms in three dimensions, atom-probe tomography (APT) has revolutionized our understanding of structure-property relationships in materials used for structural applications. The atomic-scale details of clusters, second phases, and microstructural defects that control alloy properties have been investigated, providing an unprecedented level of detail on the origins of aging behavior, strength, creep, fracture toughness, corrosion, and irradiation resistance. Moreover, atomic-scale microscopy combined with atomistic simulation and theoretical modeling of material behavior can guide new alloy design. In this article, selected examples highlight how APT has led to a deeper understanding of materials structures and therefore properties, starting with the phase transformations controlling the aging and strengthening behavior of complex Al-, Fe-, and Ni-based alloys systems. The chemistry of interfaces and structural defects that play a crucial role in high-temperature strengthening, fracture, and corrosion resistance are also discussed, with particular reference to Zr- and Al-alloys and FeAl intermetallics.

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