Fine structural morphology of immunocytes of some molluscs and insects

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
S.G. Pal ◽  
G. Baur ◽  
B. Ghosh ◽  
S. Palit ◽  
S. Modak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Meretrix Meretrix ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Bivalve Molluscs ◽  
Structural Morphology ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

In recent years some of the blood cells of several molluscs and insects are characterised as immunocytes. Similar cells from a few invertebrates from India have been looked into under conventional TEM to register the ultrastructural features. This type of study is first of its kind in the subcontinent. Immunocytes from bivalve molluscs Meretrix meretrix, Laroellidens marqinalis and two insect species, apterygote Ctenolepism a longicaudata and pterygote Gesonula punctifrons provide a new set of fine structural information which forms a basis of comparison with those studied earlier.Immunocytes have been collected from the fresh live species of bivalve molluscs and insects obtained locally at Calcutta. These were fixed in icecold 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2-7.4) for 1-2 hours at 4-5°C. Subseguently pellets were post-osmicated in 1% OsO4 at room temperature for 1-2 hours. Following dehydration these were embedded in Araldite mixture in plastic capsules and polymerization was effected for 2 days at 60°C. Ultrathin sections were cut in a ultrotome and sections were double stained with Uranyl acetate and lead citrate. These were viewed in a TEM.

Sertoli-germ interactions in iron-administered rats: An ultrastructural study

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 314-315
Author(s):  
H.K. Bains ◽  
K.C. Kanwar ◽  
S.R. Bawa
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ferrous Gluconate ◽  
Gonadal Atrophy ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Sexually Mature

The antitesticular effect of many heavy metal salts including iron has been reported to cause gonadal atrophy in rats I However, altered ultrastructural events of Sertoli-germ cell interactions following exogenous administration of iron has not been clarified. Present study was undertaken to identify the testicular organelles most affected in ferrous gluconate injected rats.Sexually mature male albino rats weighing 175-180 grams were put on ferrous gluconate for 2 months by intraperitoneal injections at a dose rate of 20 mg/kg body weight/day. Slices of testes were fixed at room temperature in 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M phosphate buffer pH 7.4 for 2 hours, postfixed in 1% osmium tetraoxide in 0.1M phosphate buffer. After thorough rinsing of the fixed material with phosphate buffer pH 7.4 samples were dehydrated through graded acetone prior to embedding in Epon-Araldite. Subsequently ultrathin sections were stained with Uranyl acetate and Lead citrate (Reynold's) and examined under Jeol 1200EX electron microscope.

Hepatocyte Alterations in Guinea Pigs FED Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Dibenzodioxins (PCDD), AND DIBENZOFURANS (PCDF)

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
J. N. Turner ◽  
D. N. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Cooling Fluid

A fire involving an electric service transformer and its cooling fluid, a mixture of PCBs and chlorinated benzenes, contaminated an office building with a fine soot. Chemical analysis showed PCDDs and PCDFs including the highly toxic tetra isomers. Guinea pigs were chosen as an experimental animal to test the soot's toxicity because of their sensitivity to these compounds, and the liver was examined because it is a target organ. The soot was suspended in 0.75% methyl cellulose and administered in a single dose by gavage at levels of 1,10,100, and 500mgm soot/kgm body weight. Each dose group was composed of 6 males and 6 females. Control groups included 12 (6 male, 6 female) animals fed activated carbon in methyl cellulose, 6 males fed methyl cellulose, and 16 males and 10 females untreated. The guinea pigs were sacrificed at 42 days by suffocation in CO2. Liver samples were immediately immersed and minced in 2% gluteraldehyde in cacadylate buffer at pH 7.4 and 4°C. After overnight fixation, samples were postfixed in 1% OsO4 in cacodylate for 1 hr at room temperature, embedded in epon, sectioned and stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

Hemoglobin crystals of the red blood cells in the human renal cortex: electron microscopic observations of the renal lithiasis

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ueda ◽  
Hiroto Washida ◽  
Nakazo Watari
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Renal Lithiasis ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
First Case ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

IntroductionHemoglobin crystals in the red blood cells were electronmicroscopically reported by Fawcett in the cat myocardium. In the human, Lessin revealed crystal-containing cells in the periphral blood of hemoglobin C disease patients. We found the hemoglobin crystals and its agglutination in the erythrocytes in the renal cortex of the human renal lithiasis, and these patients had no hematological abnormalities or other diseases out of the renal lithiasis. Hemoglobin crystals in the human erythrocytes were confirmed to be the first case in the kidney.Material and MethodsTen cases of the human renal biopsies were performed on the operations of the seven pyelolithotomies and three ureterolithotomies. The each specimens were primarily fixed in cacodylate buffered 3. 0% glutaraldehyde and post fixed in osmic acid, dehydrated in graded concentrations of ethanol, and then embedded in Epon 812. Ultrathin sections, cut on LKB microtome, were doubly stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

The Identification of Phospholipid Micelles in Glutaraldehyde-Urea Embedded Tissue

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 494-495
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Pease
Keyword(s):  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Phospholipid Micelles ◽  
Type Ii Pneumocytes ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Polar Water

It is reasonable to think that phospholipid micelles should be visible and identifiable in electron micrographs of ultrathin sections if only they can be preserved throughout the embedding process. The development of highly polar, water-containing, aminoplastic embedments has made this a likely possibility. With this in mind, an investigation of the lecithin-secreting, Type II pneumocytes of the lung is underway.Initially it has been easiest to recognize phospholipid micelles in lung tissue fixed first with glutaraldehyde, and then secondarily exposed to osmium tetroxide. However, the latter is not a necessary concomitant for micellar preservation. Conventional uranyl acetate and lead citrate staining is finally applied. Importantly, though, the micelles have been most easily seen in tissue embedded in 507. glutaraldehyde polymerized with urea, as described in detail by D.C. Pease and R.G. Peterson (J. Ultra- struct. Res., 41, 133, 1972). When oriented appropriately, the micellar units are seen as tiny, bilayer plates.

The fine structure of ascus development in Lasiobolus monascus (Pezizales)

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 862-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Kimbrough ◽  
Gerald L. Benny
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Electron Microscopic Level ◽  
Stalk Cell ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Microscopic Inspection ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies on the ascus of Lasiobolus monascus are presented. Apothecia in various stages of development were obtained in culture and prepared for both light and electron microscopic observations. Ultrathin sections for electron microscopic inspection were often treated with silver methenamine to enhance wall characteristics. Ascus development was followed from fertilization to maturity.In this species, the ascogonium enlarges after fertilization to become the ascus mother cell. Two pores are present in the young ascus, one connecting it to the antheridium and another between the ascus and stalk cell. The ultrastructural features of these pores in the young and maturing ascus are described. During ascus enlargement, as many as four wall layers are found when poststained with silver methenamine. Only two layers are clearly distinguishable when poststained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The apical zone of dehiscence is characterized by a distinct annular swelling which appears during early ascosporogenesis. By spore maturation, this swelling is not evident either at the light or electron microscopic level. Instead, there appear to be both physical and chemical changes in the area of dehiscence. The wall is distinctly thinner and much more electron transparent in the area of dehiscence when treated with silver methanamine.

An Electron Microscopic Investigation of the Pathogenesis of Hemorrhage Induced by Rattlesnake Venom

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 56-57
Author(s):  
Charlotte L. Ownby ◽  
Robert A. Kainer ◽  
Anthony T. Tu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Rattlesnake Venom ◽  
Diamondback Rattlesnake

One of the significant changes induced by the injection of rattlesnake (Crotalidae) venom is hemorrhage. Since crotaline antivenin does not prevent such local tissue damage, a more effective treatment of snakebite is needed. To aid in the development of such a treatment the pathogenesis of venom-induced hemorrhae was investigated.Swiss-Webster white mice were injected intramuscularly with Western diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox) venom. Two minutes after the injection, muscle tissue was obtained by bioosy from the thigh and fixed in 6% glutaraldehyde in Milloniq's phosphate buffer (DH 7.4, 2 hrs., 4°C). After post-fixation in 2% osmium tetroxide in Milloniq's phosphate buffer (pH 7.4, 1hr., 4°C) the tissue was dehydrated routinely in ethanol and embedded in Epon 812. The thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate in methanol and lead citrate then observed with either a Zeiss EM 9A or an Hitachi HS-8 electron microscope.

Ultrastructure of the decidual cells of the basal plate of the human placenta at term

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 564-565
Author(s):  
C. OliVar ◽  
S. Castejon
Keyword(s):  
Human Placenta ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Basal Plate ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Intercellular Substance ◽  
Decidual Cells ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Spontaneous Delivery

To understand the role of the decidual cells of the basal plate of the human placenta at term in the passage of the antigens and antibodies, in the production of hormones, in the nutrition of the embryo and its possible function in the formation of fibrilar proteins, a systematic study of their ultrastructure has been necessary.Immediately following a spontaneous delivery, samples of the decidua were taken and fixed by immersion in 2% g1utara1dehyde in phosphate buffer 0. 2 M (PH 7. 4). The specimens were washed in a similar buffer for 1 hour and postfixed in 2% osmic acid in phosphate buffer 0. 2 for 3 hours at 4°C. After dehydrating the samples in a graded series of ethanols and propylene oxide they were embedded in Araldite. Ultrathin sections were then stained with uranyl acetate and lead tricitrate and examined under the electron microscope. The submicroscopic observations show that: The plasmamembrane of these cells demonstrates numerous irregular, globulous or polyhedral extensions (Fig. 1a), which intermix with the intercellular substance or connect with adjacent cells by means of desmosomes (Fig. 1b). The hyaloplasmic matrix (Fig. 2) is of low electron density, homogenous, with numerous free ribosomes and cytoplasmic microfilaments (Fig. 4) which are arranged in bundles dispersed throughout the cytoplasm in different directions.

Electron Microscopic Study of a Spontaneous Rat Tumor

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 322-323
Author(s):  
P. W. Cole ◽  
R. M. Jamison
Keyword(s):  
Propylene Oxide ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Rat Tumor

A spontaneously occurring, non-invasive mammary tumor was observed in a 7-month-old, non-lactating, random-bred Sprague-Dawley female rat. The tumor was located subcutaneously in the distal mammary line as a firmly encapsulated, lobated growth. The tumor was surgically removed and immersed in Clark's buffer containing 4% glutaraldehyde. (Later conventional histochemical studies revealed this tumor to be a relatively non-differentiated fibro-adenoma.) Exterior and interior portions of the tumor were excised and fixed separately. The tissues were cut into 1 mm cubes and fixed for 4 hours in 4% glutaraldehyde. The specimens were then washed 4 times in buffer and left overnight at 4°C in the buffer. The cubes were postfixed in 2% OsO4 for 2 hours, after which they were dehydrated in a graded series of ethanol. The specimens were then washed with 2 changes of propylene oxide and perfused with a 1:1 mixture of propylene oxide-Epon 812 for 1 hour. Next, the tissue cubes were embedded in a mixture of Epon 812, DDSA, NMA, and DMP 30. Polymerization was allowed to proceed sequentially at 37°C overnight, 45°C for 8 hours, and 60°C for 24 hours. Ultrathin sections were cut with the Porter-Blum MT-2B ultramicrotome equipped with a glass knife. Sections were picked up on copper grids and stained with saturated uranyl acetate and 0.2% lead citrate. Specimens were examined in the Philips 300 electron microscope at instrumental magnifications ranging from 3,000-20,000 times.

Electron Microscopy of Wound Healing in Patients with Hernia

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
C.N. Sun ◽  
H.J. White ◽  
R.C. Read
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Rectus Sheath ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Collagen Fibrils ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Native Collagen

Previously we have reported the defect of collagen fibrils from herniated rectus sheath. This presentation includes additional sections from postsurgical incisions (10 days) from both control and hernia patients. Small pieces of rectus sheath were fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) and post fixed with buffered 2% osmium tetroxide. The tissues were then dehydrated in serially increasing concentrations of alcohol and embedded in Epon 812. Sections were stained with 2.5% phosphotungstic acid or uranyl acetate and lead citrate.Previously we found that collagen fibrils from "non-herniated" rectus sheath have uniform diameters and 640 Å periodicity with seven or more intraperiodic bands resembling typical native collagen fibrils, while the fibrils from fascia obtained from patients with direct herniation show considerable variation in diameter. These variations are often found in the same individual fibers with a range from 300 Å to 3000 Å.

Some aspects of the fine structure of goldfish optic tectum

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 590-591
Author(s):  
Betty I. Roots
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Optic Tectum ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Lead Citrate ◽  
Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽  
Laminar Pattern ◽  
The Brain

In teleosts the optic tectum is the major integrative centre in the brain. The cyto- and fibre architecture of the optic tectum have been studied extensively and a well-defined laminar pattern has been described. Here some aspects of the fine structure of the optic tectum of the goldfish, Carassius auratus, will be described and discussed. Goldfish which had been kept at a temperature of 15°C were fixed by perfusion with 2. 5% glutaraldehyde in a phosphate buffer. After fixation pieces of the optic tectum from both dorsal and ventral regions, cut so that their original orientation in the tectum could be determined by their shape, were removed. They were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide in the same buffer for 1 1/2 h, dehydrated, stained in 2% uranyl acetate and embedded in epon. Sections were stained with lead citrate.Lining the ventrical is the ependyma consisting of epithelial-like cells which are 5. 4 μm in diameter, are ciliated, and joined by both desmosomes and tight junctions between their somata.

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