Application of various modes of scanning-probe microscopies in polymer systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
Dale J. Meier
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Polymer Systems ◽  
Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Cantilever Probe

The invention of the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) by Binnig and Rohrer in 1982 demonstrated an unparalleled ability to image materials at the sub-nanometer scale. The invention rapidly lead to an explosion of applications of STM in a wide variety of fields. However, imaging by an STM is essentially limited to materials which are conductive, or could be made conductive, so many materials of interest could not be imaged by STM. This limitation was removed a few years later (1985) by the invention of the atomic force microscope (AFM) by Binnig, Quate and Gerber, in which imaging is based on the response of a soft cantilever beam to the contact forces between an ultra-fine probe tip and a sample. The cantilever/probe systems could be made sensitive enough to enable the AFM to easily resolve atomic or molecular level features.

The atomic-force microscope and its future in biology

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 704-705
Author(s):  
Jean-Paul Revel
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Atomic Force Microscope ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Sharp Point

The last few years have been marked by a series of remarkable developments in microscopy. Perhaps the most amazing of these is the growth of microscopies which use devices where the place of the lens has been taken by probes, which record information about the sample and display it in a spatial from the point of view of the context. From the point of view of the biologist one of the most promising of these microscopies without lenses is the scanned force microscope, aka atomic force microscope.This instrument was invented by Binnig, Quate and Gerber and is a close relative of the scanning tunneling microscope. Today's AFMs consist of a cantilever which bears a sharp point at its end. Often this is a silicon nitride pyramid, but there are many variations, the object of which is to make the tip sharper. A laser beam is directed at the back of the cantilever and is reflected into a split, or quadrant photodiode.

Nanometer‐scale hole formation on graphite using a scanning tunneling microscope

1989 ◽  
Vol 55 (17) ◽  
pp. 1727-1729 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Albrecht ◽  
M. M. Dovek ◽  
M. D. Kirk ◽  
C. A. Lang ◽  
C. F. Quate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
Hole Formation ◽  
Tunneling Microscope

Real-Space Imaging of Nanoscale Electrodeposited Ceramic Superlattices in the Scanning Tunneling Microscope

1992 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa D. Golden ◽  
Ryne P. Raffaelle ◽  
Richard J. Phillips ◽  
Jay A. Switzer
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Scanning Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic Oxides ◽  
Tunneling Microscope ◽  
Stm Images ◽  
Modulation Wavelength

ABSTRACTWe have imaged fractured cross-sections of electrodeposited ceramic oxides based on the TI-Pb-O system using a scanning tunneling microscope. The goal of this work is to measure both the modulation wavelength and compositional profile of the superlattices by mapping out the electronic properties in real space on a nanometer scale. Fourier analysis was done on STM images of all superlattices to yield the modulation wavelength. The modulation wavelength from STM was then compared with those obtained, by Faraday calculation and x-ray diffraction. The STM can be used to design “better” superlattices. We have found that the composition profile in superlattices deposited by modulating the potential was more square than in superlattices deposited by modulating the current.

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