Research Notes: The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos): Background, Rationale, Methods

ABSTRACTRelatively little is known about the factors in Canada which lead to osteoporosis and its concomitant fractures. The Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos) is a prospective cohort study which will estimate the incidence and prevalence of declining bone mass and fractures. The impact of osteoporosis in Canada will be assessed, including regional variation and the effect of various risk factors. The study will provide information for developing prevention programs. The cohort has been drawn from a random population-based sample of non-institutionalized men and women 25 years old or more and living within 50 km. of nine cities in Canada. Through telephone interviews 9,423 participants have been recruited. All answered an extensive questionnaire, and had physical measurements related to bone quality taken. This paper details the CaMos baseline and five-year follow-up protocol.

Download Full-text

Abstract P008: Ultra-Sensitive Troponin I Strongly Predicts Incident Coronary Heart Disease in the General Population Independently of Traditional Risk Factors. Results From the MONICA/KORA Augsburg Case-Cohort Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.p008 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Wolfgang Koenig ◽

Astrid Zierer ◽

Mahir Karakas ◽

Christa Meisinger ◽

Annette Peters ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Coronary Heart Disease ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Troponin I ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Population Based ◽

Men And Women ◽

Traditional Risk Factors

Background: High-sensitive (hs) troponin T and I assays as well as ultrasensitive (us) troponin I enable measurement of troponins in 65% to 98% of the general population. We prospectively investigated whether increased concentrations of us-troponin I are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) after controlling for traditional risk factors. Methods: We conducted a population-based case cohort study in middle-aged healthy men and women within the MONICA/KORA Augsburg studies. Serum levels of us-troponin I (Single Molecule Counting technology, Singulex) were available in 2,745 men and women including 803 incident CHD cases. Geometric mean us-troponin I was 1.56 ng/L. Mean (SD) follow-up was 16.0 (5.8) years. Results: Baseline concentrations of us-troponin I were higher in cases compared to non-cases (geometric mean 2.56 vs. 1.49 ng/L, p<0.0001) and in men compared to women (geometric mean 1.93 vs. 1.27 ng/L, p<0.0001). After adjustment for variables of the Framingham Risk Score, the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for a CHD event in the top quartile compared to the bottom quartile was 2.76 (95% CI, 1.87-4.09). After additional adjustment for alcohol intake, physical activity, and body mass index, hazard ratios remained essentially unchanged. Conclusions: Troponin I measured by an us-assay was detectable in almost all subjects. This is the first population-based prospective study with long-term follow-up showing that even modestly increased concentrations of us troponin I are strongly associated with incident CHD independently of a variety of traditional risk factors.

Download Full-text

Risk factors for falls in a longitudinal population-based cohort study of Japanese men and women: The ROAD Study

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2012.10.020 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 516-523 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Shigeyuki Muraki ◽

Toru Akune ◽

Yuyu Ishimoto ◽

Keiji Nagata ◽

Munehito Yoshida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Japanese Men ◽

Men And Women ◽

The Road ◽

Risk Factors For Falls ◽

Road Study

Download Full-text

Incidence and risk factors for radiographic knee osteoarthritis and knee pain in Japanese men and women: A longitudinal population-based cohort study

Arthritis & Rheumatism ◽

10.1002/art.33508 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 1447-1456 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Shigeyuki Muraki ◽

Toru Akune ◽

Hiroyuki Oka ◽

Yuyu Ishimoto ◽

Keiji Nagata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Knee Pain ◽

Population Based ◽

Japanese Men ◽

Men And Women ◽

Radiographic Knee Osteoarthritis

Download Full-text

Endogenous sex hormone levels in men are not associated with risk of venous thromboembolism: the Tromsø study

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-08-0888 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 160 (5) ◽

pp. 833-838 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Johan Svartberg ◽

Sigrid K Brækkan ◽

Gail A Laughlin ◽

John-Bjarne Hansen

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Free Testosterone ◽

Population Based ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Hormone Levels ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Impact

ObjectivesLow testosterone levels in men have been associated with cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis and lately also an increased risk of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. As arterial CVDs and venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been shown to share common risk factors, the purpose of the present study was to determine the impact of endogenous sex hormone levels on the incidence of VTE in a cohort of men.DesignA prospective, population-based study.MethodsSex hormone measurements were available in 1350 men, aged 50–84, participating in the Tromsø study in 1994–1995. First, lifetime VTE-events during the follow-up were registered up to September 1 2007.ResultsThere were 63 incident VTE-events (4.5 per 1000 person-years) during a mean of 10.4 years of follow-up. Age was significantly associated with increased risk of VTE; men 70 years or older had a 2.5-fold higher risk of VTE (HR 2.47, 95% CI 1.19–5.12), compared with those between 50 and 60 years of age. In age-adjusted analyses, endogenous sex hormones levels were not associated with risk of VTE; for each s.d. increase, hazards ratios (95% CI) were 1.06 (0.83–1.35) for total testosterone, 1.02 (0.79–1.33) for free testosterone, and 1.27 (0.94–1.71) for ln-estradiol. In dichotomized analyses comparing men in the lowest total and free testosterone quartile with men in the higher quartiles, hypoandrogenemia was not associated with risk of VTE.ConclusionsIn this population-based study of middle-aged and older men, endogenous sex hormone levels were not associated with 10-year risk of VTE.

Download Full-text

Cerebral small vessel disease, cardiovascular risk factors, and future walking speed in old age: a population-based cohort study

BMC Neurology ◽

10.1186/s12883-021-02529-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emerald G. Heiland ◽

Anna-Karin Welmer ◽

Grégoria Kalpouzos ◽

Anna Laveskog ◽

Rui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Walking Speed ◽

Small Vessel Disease ◽

Population Based ◽

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease ◽

Vessel Disease

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between combined and individual cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) markers on future walking speed over 9 years; and to explore whether these associations varied by the presence of cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs). Methods This population-based cohort study included 331 adults, aged ≥60 years, without limitation in walking speed (≥0.8 m/s). At baseline, cSVD markers, including white matter hyperintensities (WMH), lacunes, and perivascular spaces (PVS), were assessed on magnetic resonance imaging. The modifiable CRFs (physical inactivity, heavy alcohol consumption, smoking, hypertension, high total cholesterol, diabetes, and overweight/obese) were combined into a score. The association between baseline cSVD markers and the decline in walking speed was examined using linear mixed-effects models, whereas Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association with walking speed limitation (defined as < 0.8 m/s) over the follow-up. Results Over the follow-up period, 76 (23.0%) persons developed walking speed limitation. Participants in the highest tertile of the combined cSVD marker score had a hazard ratio (HR) of 3.78 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.70-8.45) for walking speed limitation compared with people in the lowest score tertile, even after adjusting for socio-demographics, CRFs, cognitive function, and chronic conditions. When investigating the cSVD markers individually, having the highest burden of WMH was associated with a significantly faster decline in walking speed (β coefficient − 0.020; 95% CI -0.035-0.004) and a greater HR of walking speed limitation (HR 2.78; 95% CI 1.31-5.89) compared with having the lowest WMH burden. Similar results were obtained for the highest tertile of PVS (HR 2.13; 95% CI 1.04-4.36). Lacunes were associated with walking speed limitation, but only in men. Having ≥4 CRFs and high WMH volume simultaneously, showed a greater risk of walking speed limitation compared with having ≥4 CRFs and low WMH burden. CRFs did not modify the associations between lacunes or PVS and walking speed. Conclusions Combined cSVD markers strongly predict walking speed limitation in healthy older adults, independent of cognitive function, with WMH and PVS being the strongest contributors. Improving cardiovascular health may help to mitigate the negative effects of WMH on future walking speed.

Download Full-text

Abstract P388: Which Obesity-related Indicator is Better for Predicting Incident Hypertension? Results from the population-based cohort study of Japan

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.p388 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Michikazu Nakai ◽

Makoto Watanabe ◽

Kunihiro Nishimura ◽

Misa Takegami ◽

Yoshihiro Kokubo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Population Based ◽

Proportional Hazard ◽

Japanese Men ◽

Men And Women ◽

Established Risk Factor ◽

Cox Proportional Hazard ◽

C Statistic ◽

Hazard Ratios

Objective: Obesity is an established risk factor for hypertension (HT), but it is still controversial which obesity-related indicator is superior in predictability. This study compared the predictability among three indicators, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), in the population-based prospective cohort study of Japan, the Suita study. Methods: Participants who had no HT at baseline (1,591 men and 1,973 women) aged 30-84 years were included in this study. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) of each indicator for incident HT with the adjustment for age, cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking. Harrell’s C statistics were also estimated for comparison of indicators’ accuracy. Results: During median follow-up of 7.2 years, 1,325 participants (640 men and 685 women) developed HT. HR (95% CI) of BMI, WC and WHtR for incident HT corresponding to a 1 SD increase was 1.25 (1.15-1.35), 1.21 (1.12-1.31) and 1.23 (1.14-1.34) in men while 1.32 (1.22-1.42), 1.27 (1.18-1.37) and 1.32 (1.21-1.44) in women, respectively. Also, C-statistic (95% CI) of BMI, WC and WHtR was 0.64 (0.62-0.66), 0.63 (0.61-0.65) and 0.63 (0.61-0.66) in men while 0.69 (0.67-0.71), 0.69 (0.67-0.71) and 0.69 (0.67-0.71) in women, respectively. Using 95% CI of each C-statistics, there were no statistical differences among three indicators in both men and women. Conclusion: In this study, we showed that all three indicators (BMI, WC and WHtR) were estimated similarly to predict the risk of developing HT in both Japanese men and women.

Download Full-text

A retrospective population-based cohort study to evaluate the impact of an older sibling with undescended testis and hypospadias on the known maternal and fetal risk factors for undescended testis and hypospadias in Ontario, Canada, 1997–2007

Journal of Pediatric Urology ◽

10.1016/j.jpurol.2018.09.021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 41.e1-41.e9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

S. Dave ◽

K. Liu ◽

R. Clark ◽

A.X. Garg ◽

S.Z. Shariff

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Undescended Testis ◽

Population Based ◽

Fetal Risk ◽

The Impact ◽

Older Sibling

Download Full-text

Rates and Risk Factors for Recurrent Pneumonia in Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study With 5 Years of Follow-up

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/cid/ciu247 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 74-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

T. T. Dang ◽

D. T. Eurich ◽

D. L. Weir ◽

T. J. Marrie ◽

S. R. Majumdar

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Recurrent Pneumonia

Download Full-text

Queensland Cardiovascular Data Linkage (QCard): A population-based cohort study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23261.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 282 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joshua Byrnes ◽

Son Nghiem ◽

Clifford Afoakwah ◽

Paul A. Scuffham

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Healthcare Utilisation ◽

Population Based ◽

Environmental Data ◽

Cardiac Patients ◽

Hospital Inpatient ◽

Healthcare Use ◽

The Impact

Queensland is Australia's hotspot for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Critically, beyond modifiable lifestyle risk factors; socio-demographic differences and environmental factors account for significant variations in healthcare use and outcomes among cardiac patients across the country. To better understand the impacts of these factors on the health of cardiac patients, there is a need for a comprehensive and robust longitudinal cohort study that can unpack the underlying dynamics. This paper describes the protocol for the Queensland Cardiovascular Linkage (QCard) Study. The QCard is a longitudinal linkage cohort study of cardiac patients who were first hospitalised with any cardiac condition in 2010, with follow up hospitalisations until December 2015. The primary aim of the QCard is to identify and characterise the nature and impact of socio-demographic inequality among those presenting for the first time with the most common form of CVD in Australia (heart disease) in Queensland from 2010 with minimum 5-years follow-up of subsequent healthcare utilisation and outcomes. A secondary aim is to undertake an exploration of the impact of environmental and specific health service factors on healthcare use and survival time in the same QCard cohort. Administrative public and private hospital inpatient, outpatient and emergency department data for all of Queensland will be linked with individual primary care data and pharmaceutical data. These data will also be linked to regional socio-demographic data and environmental data, as well as data that describes the features of each hospital in the region. The findings from the study will provide critical information for cardiac patients, clinicians and health policymakers. Such information ranges from identifying most vulnerable cardiac patients who may require targeted needs to providing estimates for cost-effective ways of evaluating healthcare interventions that seek to improve the health of cardiac patients.

Download Full-text