Prevalence of psychological problems in Irish school going adolescents

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lawlor ◽  
Deborah James
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
School Type ◽  
Problem Score ◽  
Total Problem ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Internalising Problems ◽  
Total Problem Score

AbstractObjectives: To establish the prevalence of psychological problems in older adolescents.Method: The Youth Self Report was completed by teenagers in a class group. Percentages scoring above clinical threshold were calculated. Gender differences and variances between school type were examined.Results: Seven hundred and seventy-nine students participated in the study, 373 males and 406 females. Of the girls 23% reported problems in the clinical range on total problem score compared with 19% of boys. Significant gender differences were noted on total problem and internalising scores but not on externalising scores. The levels of psychological problems did not appear to be influenced by school type. Of the total group 6.4% reported thinking of suicide frequently (almost twice as many girls as boys) and this rose to 25% of girls who scored in the clinical range of total problem score and 15% of boys.Conclusions: Twenty-one per cent of adolescents had problems in the clinical range. Girls reported more problems than boys. It was surprising to find that there was no gender difference in reported levels of externalising problems. The high expression of suicidal and thoughts of self-harm in those with externalising and internalising problems is of concern. This highlights the vulnerability of older adolescents as they tend to fall between the current child and adolescent services. Service provision for this population should be a priority in rural areas and on a national basis.

scholarly journals PERCEIVED PARENTING STYLES AND SCHOOL ANXIETY IN PREADOLESCENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 483-488
Author(s):  
Simona Butnaru
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
School Failure ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Social Evaluation ◽  
Perceived Parenting ◽  
School Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

The goal of this study was to test the relationship between perceived authoritative, authoritarian and permissive parenting styles and school anxiety (anxiety about aggression, about social evaluation and about school failure). A Romanian sample of 182 students (93 girls), enrolled in 5th to 8th grade in two secondary schools from rural areas, completed self-report measures assessing school anxiety and perception of parenting styles. Results indicated a predominance of authoritative parenting style and a moderate level of school anxiety. The highest mean score in school anxiety was in school failure. Gender differences were found in school anxiety, but not in parenting styles. Grade level differences were found in anxiety about school failure and in perceived parenting styles. Preadolescents whose parents expressed prevailing authoritarian and permissive styles had higher levels of school anxiety. Gender differences were found for the relationship between parenting styles and school anxiety. Implications of results in parental education field are discussed.

Persistence of psychological problems in adolescence: a one year follow-up study

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah James ◽  
Maria Lawlor ◽  
Nick Sofroniou
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Youth Self Report ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Externalising Problems ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
One Year ◽  
Internalising Problems

AbstractObjectives: To examine the prevalence and persistence of psychological problems in older adolescents.Methods: This study is a one year follow-up of 110 adolescents, 64 girls and 46 boys attending three secondary schools in Ireland. All were 16 at initial testing. The Youth Self Report (YSR) was the measure used.Results: Over a fifth of adolescents have problems in the clinical range. These problems persisted from 16 to 17. Females reported more problems than males at both ages. Some females showed a slight reduction in internalising problems at 17. Both males and females showed an increase in externalising problems at 17. Odds ratios indicate that those in the clinical ranges of the YSR at 16, had increased risk of being in the clinical range at 17 compared to those in the no problem range at 16. In comparison to those with no suicidal feeling, those with suicidal feelings at 16 were at an increased risk of still feeling suicidal at 17. More males remained psychologically healthy than girls.Conclusions: A large proportion of adolescents in this sample have psychological problems and these appear to persist over a one year period. These problems impact substantially on the adolescents themselves, their families and society. Given the increasing suicide rate in young people and the persistence of suicidal feelings in this cohort, the inadequacy of mental health services in Ireland for adolescents, particularly those ages 16-18 is highlighted. The challenge of developing and providing adolescent friendly services is addressed.

scholarly journals Συγκριτική μελέτη των διαταραχών σίτισης και των παραγόντων κινδύνου σε παιδιά προσχολικής ηλικίας υγιή και με παθήσεις του πεπτικού συστήματος

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Κατερίνα Σδράβου
Keyword(s):  
Problem Score ◽  
Total Frequency ◽  
Total Problem ◽  
Frequency Score ◽  
Total Problem Score

Εισαγωγή: οι διαταραχές σίτισης είναι συχνές στην παιδική ηλικία. Σύμφωνα με τη βιβλιογραφία το 25%-45% των παιδιών τυπικής ανάπτυξης αντιμετωπίζουν προβλήματα σίτισης. Τα παιδιά με παθήσεις του πεπτικού συστήματος θεωρούνται ομάδα υψηλού κινδύνου για εκδήλωση τέτοιων προβλημάτων. Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης ήταν η διερεύνηση του επιπολασμού και των χαρακτηριστικών των προβλημάτων σίτισης σε υγιή παιδιά τυπικής ανάπτυξης και σε παιδιά με προβλήματα του πεπτικού συστήματος, ηλικίας 2-7 ετών, στην Ελλάδα. Στα πλαίσια της μελέτης αυτής διερευνήθηκαν παράγοντες που πιθανά σχετίζονται με την εμφάνιση διαταραχών σίτισης στις δύο ομάδες παιδιών, όπως τα δημογραφικά χαρακτηριστικά των παιδιών και των γονέων, το ιστορικό σίτισης βρεφικής ηλικίας και τα αναπτυξιακά στάδια σίτισης του παιδιού, το περιβάλλον σίτισης και οι γονικές πρακτικές σίτισης. Μέθοδος: μελέτη παρατήρησης χρονικής στιγμής, τύπου ασθενών και μαρτύρων. Μετά την εφαρμογή των κριτηρίων επιλογής και αποκλεισμού στη μελέτη συμπεριλήφθηκαν 928 παιδιά (787 στην ομάδα ελέγχου και 141 στην κλινική ομάδα). Για τα παιδιά αυτά συλλέχθηκαν πληροφορίες που αφορούν τα δημογραφικά και ανθρωπομετρικά στοιχεία, τη συμπεριφορά κατά τη σίτιση, το ιατρικό ιστορικό, το ιστορικό σίτισης, το περιβάλλον σίτισης και τις γονικές πρακτικές σίτισης. Αποτελέσματα: Στην ομάδα ελέγχου, το 8,2% των παιδιών είχαν παθολογικό Total Frequency Score (TFS) σκορ (συχνότητα δυσλειτουργικών συμπεριφορών) και το 27,5% είχαν παθολογικό Total Problem Score (TPS) σκορ (αριθμός προβλημάτων που ανέφεραν οι γονείς). Τα παιδιά με παθήσεις του πεπτικού συστήματος εμφάνισαν σημαντικά υψηλότερη συχνότητα προβληματικών συμπεριφορών και σημαντικά υψηλότερο αριθμό συμπεριφορών που οι γονείς θεωρούν πρόβλημα. Συγκεκριμένα, το 18,6% της κλινικής ομάδας είχε παθολογικό TFS σκορ και το 39,5% είχε παθολογικό TPS σκορ. Οι δύο ομάδες διέφεραν σημαντικά ως προς τα χαρακτηριστικά σίτισης των παιδιών. Ωστόσο, οι συμπεριφορές που φαίνονται να απασχολούν συχνότερα τους γονείς είναι κοινές και για τις δύο ομάδες και αφορούν την τροφική νεοφοβία, τη μειωμένη κατανάλωση λαχανικών, τη διαπραγμάτευση και τη χρονοτριβή. Ανάμεσα στις δύο ομάδες διαπιστώθηκαν στατιστικά σημαντικές διαφορές σε όλα τα αναπτυξιακά στάδια της σίτισης, σε πολλά χαρακτηριστικά του περιβάλλοντος σίτισης και σε πολλές γονικές πρακτικές. Συγκεκριμένοι δημογραφικοί παράγοντες, ο χαμηλός ΔΜΣ, η καθυστέρηση στη μετάβαση στις στερεές τροφές, αρκετά χαρακτηριστικά του περιβάλλοντος σίτισης και σχεδόν όλες οι γονικές πρακτικές, συσχετίστηκαν θετικά με τις διαταραχές σίτισης στην ομάδα ελέγχου. Λιγότερα χαρακτηριστικά συσχετίστηκαν θετικά με τις διαταραχές σίτισης στην κλινική ομάδα. Συμπεράσματα: Η μελέτη κατέδειξε ότι περίπου ένα στα δέκα υγιή παιδιά εκδηλώνει διαταραχές σίτισης, ενώ ένας στους τέσσερις γονείς θεωρούν προβληματική τη σίτιση του παιδιού τους. Σχεδόν διπλάσιο ποσοστό παιδιών με παθήσεις του πεπτικού συστήματος βρέθηκε να αντιμετωπίζει παρόμοια προβλήματα. Τα ευρήματα της μελέτης συμβάλουν στην πρόληψη, πρώιμη ανίχνευση και αξιολόγηση των διαταραχών σίτισης τόσο στα υγιή παιδιά, όπου τα προβλήματα σίτισης συχνά παραβλέπονται ή υποτιμώνται, όσο και στα παιδιά με παθήσεις του πεπτικού συστήματος που αποτελούν ομάδα υψηλού κινδύνου για την εκδήλωση τέτοιων προβλημάτων. Από τα ευρήματα της μελέτης αναδείχτηκαν επίσης σημαντικές πληροφορίες για τους παράγοντες που επιδρούν στη διατροφική συμπεριφορά, παρέχοντας ένα πλαίσιο αναφοράς για πρώιμη παρέμβαση και για το σχεδιασμό όσο το δυνατό πιο στοχευμένων και αποτελεσματικών θεραπευτικών μεθόδων σε παιδιά με διαταραχές σίτισης.

Association of Age, Birth order and Family Income with Psycho-social problems in Rural Adolescents

JMS SKIMS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-95
Author(s):  
Noorul Amin
Keyword(s):  
Birth Order ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Rural Adolescents ◽  
Youth Self Report ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Background: The present age is the age of stress. Everybody is disturbed due to one or the other reason irrespective of their age. However, adolescents are more prone to psychological and sociological disturbances.Objectives:To assess the psychosocial problems in adolescents.Methods: The study was conducted in selected schools of urban and rural areas taking 100 participants each for boys and girls using convenient sampling method. The tool used was youth self report. The data collected was analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.Results: The study revealed that 48.5% adolescents were well adjusted; 47% were having mild psychosocial problems; 4% had moderate psychosocial problems and 0.5% had severe psychosocial problems.Conclusion: Adolescents irrespective of their living places had varying degrees of psychosocial problems. JMS 2017; 20 (2):90-95

Neurodevelopmental disorders among Spanish school-age children: prevalence and sociodemographic correlates

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rosa Bosch ◽  
Mireia Pagerols ◽  
Cristina Rivas ◽  
Laura Sixto ◽  
Laura Bricollé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
School Type ◽  
Final Population ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Sociodemographic Correlates

Abstract Background Prevalence estimates of neurodevelopmental disorders (ND) are essential for treatment planning. However, epidemiological research has yielded highly variable rates across countries, including Spain. This study examined the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of ND in a school sample of Spanish children and adolescents. Methods The Child Behaviour Checklist/Teacher's Report Form/Youth Self-Report and the Conners' Rating Scales were administered for screening purposes. Additionally, teachers provided information on reading and writing difficulties. Subjects who screened positive were interviewed for diagnostic confirmation according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria. The final population comprised 6834 students aged 5–17. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the influence of gender, age, educational stage, school type, socioeconomic status (SES), and ethnicity on the prevalence estimates. Results A total of 1249 (18.3%) subjects met criteria for at least one ND, although only 423 had already received a diagnosis. Specifically, the following prevalence rates were found: intellectual disabilities (ID), 0.63%; communication disorders, 1.05%; autism spectrum disorder (ASD), 0.70%; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 9.92%; specific learning disorder (SLD), 10.0%; and motor disorders, 0.76%. Students of foreign origin and from low SES evidenced higher odds of having ID. Boys were more likely to display ASD or a motor disorder. Age, SES, and ethnicity were significant predictors for SLD, while communication disorders and ADHD were also associated with gender. Conclusions The prevalence of ND among Spanish students is consistent with international studies. However, a substantial proportion had never been previously diagnosed, which emphasise the need for early detection and intervention programmes.

Predictors of loneliness among the left-behind children of migrant workers in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cut Maghfirah Faisal ◽  
Sherly Saragih Turnip
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Parental Presence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Emotional Loneliness ◽  
Children Of Migrant Workers

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare loneliness between the left-behind children of migrant workers and the non-left-behind ones, and identify the most significant predictors of loneliness among the left-behind children. Design/methodology/approach Incidental sampling was performed to select 629 participants aged 11–16 from 5 schools in the rural areas of Karawang and Lombok in Indonesia. They filled in paper-and-pencil self-report inventories. Findings Left-behind children were significantly lonelier than their counterparts were. Emotional loneliness was more affected by parental absence compared to social loneliness. Left-behind children would be more susceptible to experience loneliness if they had more access to entertainment gadgets, experienced less support and intimacy from friends, had been left by their migrant parents more than once, were female, had low self-esteem, experienced emotional difficulties and rarely communicated with their parents. Research limitations/implications Qualitative research was needed to provide more elaborative explanation about the findings. Practical implications Parents needed to consider the psychological cost and benefit of working abroad to their children. Governments could intervene by limiting the duration and frequency of work among the migrant workers. Social implications Some beneficial implications to prevent and reduce loneliness among left-behind children were provided, such as by maintaining the frequency and quality of communication with the children, motivating and guiding the children to interact with their peers and spend less time on entertainment gadgets, as well as encouraging the children to engage in several positive activities to enhance their self-esteem. Originality/value This study enriched the understanding about complex relationship between parental presence and adolescents’ mental health despite the fact that adolescents seemed to be more interested in relationships with peers.

scholarly journals Are Gender Differences in Emotion Culturally Universal? Comparison of Emotional Intensity Between Chinese and German Samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 993-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianmin Gong ◽  
Natalie Wong ◽  
Dahua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Chinese Men ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Older Chinese

Are gender differences in emotion culturally universal? To answer this question, the current study compared gender differences in emotional arousal (intensity) ratings for negative and positive pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) across cultures (Chinese vs. German culture) and age (younger vs. older adults). The raters were 53 younger Germans (24 women), 53 older Germans (28 women), 300 younger Chinese (176 women), and 126 older Chinese (86 women). The results showed that gender differences in arousal ratings were moderated by culture and age: Chinese women reported higher arousal for both negative and positive pictures compared with Chinese men; German women reported higher arousal for negative pictures, but lower arousal for positive pictures compared with German men. Moreover, the gender differences were larger for older than younger adults in the Chinese sample but smaller for older than younger adults in the German sample. The results indicated that gender differences in self-report emotional intensity induced by pictorial stimuli were more consistent with gender norms and stereotypes (i.e., women being more emotional than men) in the Chinese sample, compared with the German sample, and that gender differences were not constant across age groups. The study revealed that gender differences in emotion are neither constant nor universal, and it highlighted the importance of taking culture and age into account.

Perceptions of Gender Differences in Self-Report Measures of Emotional Intelligence

Sex Roles ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 479-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Lopez-Zafra ◽  
Leire Gartzia
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Self Report

Gender Differences in Grief Reactions following the Death of a Parent

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Lawrence ◽  
Elizabeth L. Jeglic ◽  
Laura T. Matthews ◽  
Carolyn M. Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Death Of A Parent ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Grief Reactions

This study examined gender differences in psychological functioning in a sample of college students who lost a parent to death. Male and female students ( n = 65) who had a parent that had died were asked to complete a series of self report questionnaires to assess psychological distress, feelings of grief and bereavement, and coping strategies. Overall, no gender differences were found between bereaved students on measures of psychological distress. However an avoidant coping style was related to symptoms of depression in females, but not in males. Students who lost a mother were more likely to report symptoms of depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation as compared to students who lost a father. Future research implications and the clinical importance of these findings are discussed.

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