X-ray powder diffraction characterization of Bi14(Sr,Ca)12O33 solid solutions

1996 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnie Wong-Ng ◽  
F. Jiang ◽  
Bryan R. Jarabek ◽  
Gregory J. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Cell Parameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Solution Range

Powder X-ray diffraction was used to investigate the solid solution range of the Bi14SrxCa12−xO33 series in the Bi–Sr–Ca–O system. Solid solution forms over the range 1≤x≤7 in Bi14SrxCa12−xO33. Experimental X-ray reference patterns of selected members with x=1, 3, 5, and 7 have been prepared for the powder diffraction file (PDF). These phases are monoclinic, C2/m, with cell parameter a ranging from 21.473(4) to 21.868(4) Å, b from 4.3564(9) to 4.3898(9) Å, c from 12.753(2) to 12.962(2) Å, β from 102.91(2)° to 102.79(1)°, and V from 1162.9(3) to 1213.5(3) Å3, respectively. These parameters increase monotonically as Ca is continuously replaced by the larger Sr.

Characterization of new solid solution phases in (Y,Ca)(Cr,Co)O3 system

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Basceri ◽  
A. Cuneyt Tas ◽  
Muharrem Timucin
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Pechini Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Modified Pechini Method ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

New solid solution phases in the (Y,Ca)(Cr,Co)O3 system have been synthesized and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction. The selected compositions in this system were prepared by the modified Pechini method. Powder-diffraction patterns were prepared.

Crystal structures and reference X-ray powder diffraction patterns of Sr4−xCaxPb2O8 (x=1,2,3)

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wong-Ng ◽  
J. A. Kaduk ◽  
W. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Lattice Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

The crystal structure of the solid solution alkaline earth plumbate phase Sr4−xCaxPb2O8 was investigated using the X-ray Rietveld technique for x=1, 2, and 3. The lattice parameters a, b, c, and V were found to decrease linearly as the Sr at site 4h was replaced by Ca. The structure features chains of edge-sharing PbO6 octahedra, linked by seven-coordinated (Ca/Sr)–O monocapped trigonal prisms. The structure is similar to that of Pb3O4, which can be reformulated as Pb2IIPbIVO4. X-ray diffraction patterns for the solid solution members SrCa3Pb2O8, Sr2Ca2Pb2O8, and Sr3CaPb2O8 were prepared for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File.

X-Ray Powder Diffraction Study of the Tungsten Bronze Type Barium Sodium Niobates

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shimazu ◽  
Y. Kubota ◽  
T. Wada ◽  
S. Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid Solution Range

AbstractBa2NaNb5,O15 and eighteen additional compositions in the NaNbO3-BaNb2O6 system from 60 to 85 mole % BaNb2O6 have been prepared and studied by X-ray powder diffraction. A calculated pattern has been used to aid in indexing the powder pattern of stoichiometric Ba2NaNb5O15(BNN-S). The lattice parameters of BNN-S have been determined from repeated measurements of 2 higher order reflections and are a=b=17.5994(8)Å and c=7.9771(9)Å. A comparison with the Powder Diffraction File (PDF) 34-210 indicates that the present data provide a more precise match to the unit cell, include additional weak reflections and cover a greater 2θ range. There is a tungsten bronzetype solid solution range from 60 to 75 mole % BaNb2O6.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Ce1−xPdxO2−δ Solid Solution in Molten Nitrate

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 640
Author(s):  
Hideaki Sasaki ◽  
Keisuke Sakamoto ◽  
Masami Mori ◽  
Tatsuaki Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Ionic States

CeO2-based solid solutions in which Pd partially substitutes for Ce attract considerable attention, owing to their high catalytic performances. In this study, the solid solution (Ce1−xPdxO2−δ) with a high Pd content (x ~ 0.2) was synthesized through co-precipitation under oxidative conditions using molten nitrate, and its structure and thermal decomposition were examined. The characteristics of the solid solution, such as the change in a lattice constant, inhibition of sintering, and ionic states, were examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM−EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM)−EDS, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The synthesis method proposed in this study appears suitable for the easy preparation of CeO2 solid solutions with a high Pd content.

Structural characterization of two K2SnX(PO4)3 (X=Fe,Yb) with langbeinite structure

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abderrahim Aatiq ◽  
Btissame Haggouch ◽  
Rachid Bakri ◽  
Youssef Lakhdar ◽  
Ismael Saadoune
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Cell Parameter ◽  
Rietveld Analysis ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Octahedral Sites ◽  
Parameter Values

Structures of two K2SnX(PO4)3(X=Fe,Yb) phosphates, obtained by conventional solid state reaction techniques at 950 °C, were determined at room temperature by X-ray powder diffraction using Rietveld analysis. The two materials exhibit the langbeinite-type structure (P213 space group, Z=4). Cubic unit cell parameter values are: a=9.9217(4) Å and a=10.1583(4) Å for K2SnFe(PO4)3 and K2SnYb(PO4)3, respectively. Structural refinements show that the two crystallographically independent octahedral sites (of symmetry 3) have a mixed Sn∕X (X=Fe,Yb) population although ordering is stronger in the Yb phase than in the Fe phase.

Deposition of TRISO Particles With Superhard SiC Coatings and the Characterization of Anisotropy by Raman Spectroscopy

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. López-Honorato ◽  
P. J. Meadows ◽  
J. Tan ◽  
Y. Xiang ◽  
P. Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Flat Substrate ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Triso Particles ◽  
Sic Coatings

In this work we have deposited silicon carbide (SiC) at 1300°C with the addition of small amounts of propylene. The use of propylene and high concentrations of methyltrichlorosilane (9 vol %) allowed the deposition of superhard SiC coatings (42 GPa). The superhard SiC could result from the presence of a SiC–C solid solution, undetectable by X-ray diffraction but visible by Raman spectroscopy. Another sample obtained by the use of 50 vol % Argon, also showed the formation of SiC with good properties. The use of a flat substrate together with the particles showed the importance of carrying out the analysis on actual particles rather than in flat substrates. We show that it is possible to characterize the anisotropy of pyrolytic carbon by Raman spectroscopy.

Evaluation of Reference X-ray Diffraction Patterns in the ICDD Powder Diffraction File

1990 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
G. J. McCarthy ◽  
J. M. Holzer ◽  
W. M. Syvinski ◽  
K. J. Martin ◽  
R. G. Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Binary Oxides ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Input Format ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractProcedures and tools for evaluation of reference x-ray powder patterns in the JCPDSICDD Powder Diffraction File are illustrated by a review of air-stable binary oxides. The reference patterns are evaluated using an available microcomputer version of the NBS*A1DS83 editorial program and PDF patterns retrieved directly from the CD-ROM in the program's input format. The patterns are compared to calculated and experimental diffractograms. The majority of the oxide patterns have been found to be in good agreement with the calculated and observed diffractograms, but are often missing some weak reflections routinely observed with a modern diffractometer. These weak reflections are added to the PDF pattern. For the remainder of the phases, patterns are redetermined.

Solid solutions in the system Ag2S–Ag2Se

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 2219-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.E. Pingitore ◽  
B.F. Ponce ◽  
M.P. Eastman ◽  
F. Moreno ◽  
C. Podpora
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Type Structure ◽  
Solid Solution Series ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Compositional Gradient ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Electron ◽  
Discrete Phase ◽  
Diffraction Peaks

Optical, electron microprobe, and x-ray diffraction analysis of 88 samples of various compositions between Ag2S and Ag2Se synthesized at high temperature in sealed quartz tubing indicates the presence of two solid-solution series in this system at ambient (room) conditions. One series extends from Ag2S to approximately Ag2S0.4Se0.7 and has the Ag2S-III-type structure (monoclinic). The second series ranges from Ag2S0.3Se0.7 to Ag2Se and is characterized by the Ag2Se-II-type structure (orthorhombic). Members of both series, in appropriate proportions, characterize the apparent compositional gap between the two solid solutions. Gradual shifts in the locations of the x-ray diffraction peaks along the compositional gradient of each solid solution revealed an expansion of the d-spacing as the larger Se ion was substituted for S in the Ag2S-III-type structure and a contraction as S was substituted for Se in the Ag2Se-II-type structure. The reported discrete phase, Ag4SSe (aguilarite, orthorhombic), appears to be simply a member of the monoclinic Ag2S-III-type solid solution.

Application of Gandolfi X-Ray Diffraction to the Characterization of Reaction Products from the Alteration of Simulated Nuclear Wastes

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 265-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. F. Anderson ◽  
M. E. Zolensky ◽  
D. K. Smith ◽  
W. P. Freeborn ◽  
B. E. Scheetz
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Individual Particle ◽  
Nuclear Wastes ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Grains ◽  
Phase Characterization

AbstractAccurate phase characterization of the alteration products of rad-waste requires the separation and identification of scattered individual grains from among the bulk product. These grains are typically 5 to 100 μm in size. Bulk x-ray powder diffraction will normally not detect these minor phases, and even if the phase can be detected, it often may not be identifiable. The use of the Gandolfi technique with the individual particle not only facilitates the identification, but also allows the assignment of the identification to the specific grain.

Interdependence of X-Ray Diffraction and X-Ray Fluorescence Data

1977 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Ron Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Actual Number ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Diffraction File ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multiphase Materials

Current versions of the J.C.P.D.S. Powder Diffraction File Include some 26,000 standard patterns and this number is Increasing at the rate of around 1500 patterns per year. Although the actual number of patterns still represents a relatively small fraction of the total number of phases possible, it does include the majority of well known phases. A variety of search/match schemes have been designed under the auspices of the Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards and these include data retrieval methods based both on hand and computer searching.Since the majority of analytical problems involve multiphase materials, one of the greatest problems in qualitative identification is the “unscrambling” of the various phase patterns to allow matches to be made with standard patterns of pure materials.

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