Vegetation Management in the Cross Timbers: Response of Woody Species to Herbicides and Burning

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy F. Stritzke ◽  
David M. Engle ◽  
F. Ted McCollum
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plant ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Cross Timbers ◽  
Good Reduction ◽  
Eastern Redcedar ◽  
Hardwood Species ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Brush Control

Brush control and woody plant community structure in the Cross Timbers of Oklahoma resulting from treatments with herbicides and fire were compared. Tebuthiuron and triclopyr were applied alone and in combination with burning at 2.2 kg ai ha-1in March and June of 1983, respectively. The burned pastures were burned with strip headfires in late spring of 1985, 1986, and 1987. Both herbicides were effective on the dominant overstory brush species, blackjack oak and post oak, and this resulted in good reduction of canopy cover of brush initially. However, effects of triclopyr were short-lived because of ineffectiveness on many of the other hardwood species (American elm, gum bumelia, hackberry, roughleaf dogwood, and buckbrush). Crown reduction and tree kill of these hardwood species was usually better with tebuthiuron than with triclopyr. Neither herbicide was effective on eastern redcedar. Better brush control, associated with tebuthiuron, resulted in better fine fuel release and by 1988, burning was having a significant effect on woody plants in the tebuthiuron-treated plots.

scholarly journals Nitrogen and Biomass Dynamics following Brush Control in the Cross Timbers

1997 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
D. L. Gay ◽  
D. M. Engle ◽  
E. R. Allen ◽  
J. F. Stritzke
Keyword(s):  
Cross Timbers ◽  
Biomass Dynamics ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Brush Control

Control of Oaks (Quercusspp.) and Associated Woody Species on Rangeland with Tebuthiuron

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Scifres ◽  
J. W. Stuth ◽  
R. W. Bovey
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Eastern Redcedar ◽  
The Third ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
Ilex Vomitoria ◽  
Ulmus Alata ◽  
Quercus Stellata ◽  
Water Oak

Aerial applications of 20% tebuthiuron {N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-N,N-dimethylurea} pellets at 2.2 kg/ha (ai) in the spring effectively controlled post oak (Quercus stellataWangenh.), blackjack oak (Q. marilandicaMuenchh.), water oak (Q. nigraL.), yaupon (Ilex vomitoriaAit.), winged elm (Ulmus alataMichx.), downy hawthorn (Crataegus mollisScheele), gum bumelia [Bumelia lanuginosa(Michx.) Pers.], and willow baccharis (Baccharis salicinaTorr. & Gray) in the Post Oak Savannah of Texas. Tree huckleberry (Vaccinium arboreumMarsh.), black hickory (Carya texanaBuckl.), honeylocust (Gleditsia triachanthosL.) and cedar elm (Ulmus crassifoliaNutt.) were partially controlled by 2.2 kg/ha of tebuthiuron. Canopies of buckbrush (Symphoricarpos orbiculatusMoench), southern dewberry (Rubus trivialisMichx.), American beautyberry (Callicarpa americanaL.), and persimmon (Diospyros virginianaL.) were reduced for about two growing seasons after which the woody species recovered. American beautyberry appeared to increase in abundance by the third growing season after control of the other woody species. Honey mesquite [Prosopis juliflora(Swartz) DC. var.glandulosa(Torr.) Cockerell], eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginianaL.), and Texas persimmon (Diospyros texanaScheele) were not controlled by tebuthiuron at 2.2 or 4.4 kg/ha, and saw greenbrier (Similax bona-noxL.) and peppervine [Ampelopsis arborea(L.) Koehne] apparently increased following application of tebuthiuron.

scholarly journals Woody Plant Community in the Cross Timbers Over Two Decades of Brush Treatments

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Engle ◽  
Timothy N. Bodine ◽  
J.F. Stritzke
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Cross Timbers ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Woody Plant Community in the Cross Timbers Over Two Decades of Brush Treatments

Rangelands ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Engle ◽  
Timbothy Bodine ◽  
J. Stritzke
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Cross Timbers ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Yellow Vine of Watermelon and Pumpkin in Tennesse

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Bost ◽  
F. L. Mitchell ◽  
U. Melcher ◽  
S. D. Pair ◽  
J. Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Cross Timbers ◽  
North Central ◽  
Post Oak ◽  
Central Texas ◽  
Dna Fragment ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Similar Yield

Yellow vine (YV) is a recently recognized decline of cucurbits expressed as plant yellowing, phloem discoloration, and death of vines as fruit approach maturity. In severely affected fields, YV incidence can range from 50 to 100% with similar yield loss. The disease has been associated with a phloem-limited, walled bacterium belonging to the gamma-3-proteobacteria (1), for which specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers have been developed and used in diagnosis (2). First observed in 1988 in Oklahoma and Texas squash and pumpkin, YV was not detected in watermelon and cantaloupe until 1991. The disease has never been detected in cucumber. Efforts to date have been unsuccessful in transmitting the disease with dodder, grafting, or selected insects. Initially, the geographic range of the disease appeared to be generally confined to central and northeastern Oklahoma and north central Texas, an area known as the Cross Timbers Region. In 1997 to 1998, YV was diagnosed in commercial fields of watermelon and muskmelon from east Texas (Post Oak Savannah) and all cucurbit-growing areas of Oklahoma. In late summer 1998, symptoms similar to those of YV were observed in one watermelon (Hardeman County) and three pumpkin (Rhea and Morgan counties) fields in Tennessee where the leaves turned yellow and chlorotic and affected plants exhibited phloem discoloration. Estimated incidence of YV ranged from less than 1 to 20% of the plants in affected fields. PCR, with the YV-specific primers (2), amplified a band of the expected size (409 bp) from all watermelon and pumpkin plants exhibiting phloem discoloration. In contrast, no bands were amplified from asymptomatic (no phloem discoloration) watermelon or pumpkin. The nucleotide sequence of the DNA fragment amplified from a Tennessee watermelon and pumpkin plant was identical to that of the YV bacterium. The occurrence of YV outside of the Cross Timbers Region, and in a location as distant as Tennessee, suggests that the disease may be much more widespread than previously recognized. Diagnosis and monitoring of YV in all cucurbit-growing areas is critical for determining the geographic distribution and losses caused by this emerging disease. References: (1) F. J. Avila et al. Phytopathology 88:428, 1998. (2) U. Melcher et al. (Abstr.) Phytopathology. 89(suppl.):S95, 1999.

Resilience aspects of woody plant species at the passage of fire: case of Quercus coccifera in Tlemcen Mountains (Algeria)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Asma Rafa ◽  
◽  
Mohamed Berrichi ◽  
Ahmed Haddad ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Root System ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Secondary Xylem ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Quercus Coccifera ◽  
Pyrolysis Gases

In this study, on the aspects of the resilience of woody species to the passage of fire, we wanted to test the alveolar specificity represented by the size of the pores of the secondary xylem of the root system in Quercus coccifera L., Pore size assessment is based on measuring 100 pores in cross sections, from the roots of 10 shrubs. The aim of this study is to explain how the roots can maintain their vitality after passing a fire and thus guarantee regeneration. In addition to the vigor of the root system of this species, the release of pyrolysis gases and the propagation of heat by conduction are provided by the porosity of the material. The results show that the pores are qualified as “fine” in the initial wood with an average diameter of 83.35 µm. In final wood, they are "very thin" with 42.30 µm in diameter. The absence of oxygen and the less porous structure delay the combustion cycle of the root system, the roots distant from the surface are thus protected from proliferation by heat conduction and thus guarantee regeneration.

Beyond the Cross Timbers: The Travels of Randolph B. March, 1812-1887

1956 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
William S. Wallace ◽  
W. Eugene Hollon
Keyword(s):  
Cross Timbers ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Alien and native woody plants in scattered vegetation in agricultural landscape

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Ján Supuka ◽  
Attila Tóth ◽  
Mária Bihuňová ◽  
Martina Verešová ◽  
Karol Šinka
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Woody Plant ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Acer Campestre

AbstractThe woody plant species composition has been evaluated in three cadastral territories of southwestern Slovakia, together in 77 habitats of non-forest woody vegetation (NFWV). A total of 43 tree species have been identified; 8 of them were alien and 5 species were cultural fruit trees. In total 20 shrub species were identified, out of which 3 were alien. Three woody species are classified as invasive according to the law in Slovakia: Acer negundo L., Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, and Lycium barbarum L. They occurred only in 2, maximum in 4 of the evaluated habitats. The most occurring alien tree species Robinia pseudoacacia L. was generally identified in 58 habitats and in 48 habitats, with an incidence over 40% and dominance index of 70.6. The second most occurring alien tree Populus × canadensis had a dominance index of 8.3. The dominant native trees in NFWV were Acer campestre L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Quercus robur L., Salix fragilis L. with the dominance index of 1–5 only.

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