National mortality rates from chronic liver disease and consumption of alcohol and pig meat

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. DALTON ◽  
R. P. BENDALL ◽  
C. PRITCHARD ◽  
W. HENLEY ◽  
D. MELZER
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Pig Meat

SUMMARYA correlation between national pig-meat consumption and mortality rates from chronic liver disease (CLD) across developed countries was reported in 1985. One possible mechanism explaining this may be hepatitis E infection spread via pig meat. We aimed to re-examine the original association in more recent international data. Regression models were used to estimate associations between national pig-meat consumption and CLD mortality, adjusting for confounders. Data on CLD mortality, alcohol consumption, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) seroprevalence for 18 developed countries (1990–2000) were obtained from WHO databases. Data on national pig-meat and beef consumption were obtained from the UN database. Univariate regression showed that alcohol and pig-meat consumption were associated with mortality from CLD, but beef consumption, HBV and HCV seroprevalence were not. A 1 litreper capitaincrease in alcohol consumption was associated with an increase in mortality from CLD in excess of 1·6 deaths/100 000 population. A 10 kg higher national annual averageper capitaconsumption of pork meat was associated with an increase in mortality from CLD of between 4 and 5 deaths/100 000 population. Multivariate regression showed that alcohol, pig-meat consumption and HBV seroprevalence were independently associated with mortality from CLD, but HCV seroprevalence was not. Pig-meat consumption remained independently associated with mortality from CLD in developed countries in the 1990–2000 period. Further work is needed to establish the mechanism.

245 PIG MEAT CONSUMPTION AND MORTALITY FROM CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE (CLD)

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. S100
Author(s):  
H.R. Dalton ◽  
C. Pritchard ◽  
R.P. Bendall
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Meat Consumption ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Pig Meat

scholarly journals Hepatitis E Induced „Acute-On-Chronic” Liver Failure - Do We Transplant or Not?

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Petra Dinjar Kujundžić ◽  
Anna Mrzljak ◽  
Ivan-Budimir Bekan ◽  
Ana Ostojić ◽  
Adriana Vince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Chronic Liver Failure ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Industrialised Countries

Hepatitis E virus is a pathogen of worldwide significance. In developed countries, foodborne transmission of zoonotic genotypes is the most common route of infection. Transfusion transmitted infection is also an important source of infection, particularly in immunocompromised population. In most cases, HEV infection is asymptomatic or presents as an acute self-limiting hepatitis. Rarely it leads to fulminant hepatitis or „acute-on- chronic” liver failure in people with pre-existing chronic liver diseases. The aim of this report is to present the first documented case of HEV-related „acute-on-chronic” liver failure in Croatia in a patient with chronic liver disease listed for liver transplantation. Due to increasing incidence in industrialised countries, HEV infection should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of acute hepatitis and in patients with unexplained worsening of chronic liver disease.

scholarly journals Outcomes of excessive alcohol drinkers without baseline evidence of chronic liver disease after 15 years follow-up: Heavy burden of cancer and liver disease mortality

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0252218
Author(s):  
Sónia Bernardo ◽  
Ricardo Crespo ◽  
Sofia Saraiva ◽  
Rui Barata ◽  
Sara Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Portuguese Population ◽  
Heavy Drinkers ◽  
Heavy Burden

Background Most long-term heavy drinkers do not have clinically evident chronic liver disease (CLD). However, at any time-point, their risk of developing CLD remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of a group of heavy drinkers, without evidence of CLD at baseline. Methods A cohort of 123 long-term heavy drinkers without CLD were prospectively recruited in 2002 and retrospectively followed until 2018. Results At baseline (2002), median alcohol consumption was 271±203g/day during 21.5±20 years, 65% being abstinent during the previous 1.75±5 months. Patients were followed for 14±3 years. During follow-up, 53% reported any alcohol intake. Alcohol consumption during follow-up associated weakly with either 1- or 6-months previous abstinence at baseline. Until 2018, progression to CLD occurred in 6%, associating with years of alcohol intake during follow-up (OR 1.15 [1.01–1.31]) and baseline alkaline-phosphatase (OR 1.05 [1.01–1.10]). During follow-up, being abstinent for at least 1 year positively associated with CLD-free survival. 27% died (55% of cancer–mostly oropharyngeal cancer, 27% of cardiovascular disease, and 9% of liver disease), with a mean age of 71 years [69–74] (10 years less than the expected in the Portuguese population). Achieving abstinence for at least 1 year positively associated with overall survival, while smoking, and hepatic steatosis at baseline associated negatively. Conclusion Long-term heavy drinkers seemed to have a decreased life expectancy compared with the overall Portuguese population. Cancer was the main cause of death. Our results suggest that progression to CLD depends mostly on continued alcohol intake. Alcohol abstinence, even if temporary, seems to decrease the risks of CLD and mortality.

scholarly journals Increasing incidence of hepatitis A in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZ Amin ◽  
LN Siddique ◽  
MA Slatter ◽  
KK Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
High Risk Population

Hepatitis A (HAV) infection is caused by the hepatitis A virus which is transmitted through the fecal-oral route. Life long protective antibodies are present after infection. The number of cases of adult hepatitis A has progressively been increasing during the last several decades in Bangladesh. In addition, the pattern of age-specific seroprevalence of anti-HAV has changed with economic growth. The prevalence of anti-HAV in 20-40 year age range has declined rapidly during the last 3 decades. As a result, this age groups has a high risk for HAV infection and clinically overt hepatitis A is increasing in adolescents and adult. The aim of the present study were to assess whether the proportion of adults with acute HAV infection has been increasing over the years and analyze the seroprevalence of immunoglobulin M(IgM) anti- HAV antibodies in young adults below the age of 20 years as well as in cases of chronic liver disease. Sera collected from 530 patients with acute and chronic liver disease attends the Somorita Hospital Ltd. during the previous 2 years and 6 months (Jan. 2008- Jun. 2010) were tested for various serological markers of acute and chronic hepatitis. In addition, 530 normal healthy attendants of the patients above the age of 20 years were tested for IgM anti-HAV as controls. Of 530 patients with acute hepatitis (13.42%) were positive for immunoglobulin M. The patients who were IgM anti-HAV negative were found to be hepatitis B (106 patients), hepatitis C, (10 patients), hepatitis E (150 patients) and unclassified (273 patients). Although the frequency of HAV infection among young adult (< 20 age) had increased (33.33% to 42.35%) in the 2 years and 6 months period, the frequency of HAV infection among adults had also increased (15.38% to 28.13%) during the same period. This study should be helpful for the identification of high risk population for vaccination of hepatitis A. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v47i3.13065 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 47(3), 309-312 2012

Innovative strategies for reducing the burden of chronic liver disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Sup17) ◽  
pp. S4-S9
Author(s):  
Lynda Greenslade
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
The Uk

Alcohol consumption is increasing in the UK, bringing an increased incidence of cirrhosis, which in turn can lead to hepatic encephalopathy. This complication of cirrhosis can be devastating for patients and their families, and incurs a large health economic burden to the NHS. Cirrhosis is, of course, preventable. As disease prevention is at the heart of the NHS Long Term Plan, it can be used as the basis of a 10-year plan to avoid the complications of chronic liver disease

scholarly journals Self-Efficacy Among Indonesian Chronic Liver Disease Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Apriliani Siburian ◽  
Ching Fen Chang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Liver Disease ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chronic Liver ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Chronic Liver Diseases are among the most extensive diseases globally and are related to significant morbidity and mortality. Although physical well-being has long been the primary goal of medical care, as chronic disease becomes more prevalent in developed countries, there has been a greater focus on patients' emotional and social well-being. This study aimed to describe the self-efficacy among chronic liver disease patients in North Sumatra, Indonesia. This study uses a cross-sectional design. The study assessed 102 chronic liver disease patients from two hospitals using the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scales Indonesian version. The participants had moderate self-efficacy (58.8%), followed by high self-efficacy (38.2%). The majority of the patients in this study had moderate self-efficacy because many individuals with chronic liver disease suffer chronic fatigue, abdominal pain and swelling, itchy skin, nausea or vomiting, loss of appetite, and other symptoms that affect self-efficacy.  Health professionals should strengthen patients' self-efficacy by engaging in positive activities and enhancing their coping skills

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