The seroprevalance of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in people living in the same environment with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever patients in an endemic region in Turkey

2013 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. KOKSAL ◽  
G. YILMAZ ◽  
F. AKSOY ◽  
S. ERENSOY ◽  
H. AYDIN
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Symptomatic Infection ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Household Members

SUMMARYCrimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is endemic in Turkey, and since 2004 many cases have been reported from different regions of Turkey. There are limited data about the seroprevalence of the disease in household members of patients or persons sharing the same environment. We evaluated seroprevalence of CCHF in the immediate neighbourhood and in household members of patients living in the same environment as confirmed cases of CCHF in an endemic area of Turkey. A total of 625 healthy subjects [mean (s.d.) age: 42·3 (18·4) years, 58·7% females] without a past history of CCHF infection included in this case-control, retrospective study were evaluated in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors for CCHF via a study questionnaire, while serum analysis for CCHF virus (CCHFV) IgG antibodies was performed by ELISA. Anti-CCHFV IgG antibodies were positive in 85 (13·6%) participants. None of the seropositive individuals had a history of symptomatic infection. Regression analysis revealed that animal husbandry [odds ratio (OR) 1·84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·09–3·11], contact with animals (OR 2·31, 95% CI 1·08–5·10), contact with ticks (OR 3·45, 95% CI 1·87–6·46), removing ticks from animals by hand (OR 2·48, 95% CI 1·48–4·18) and living in a rural area (OR 4·05, 95% CI 1·65–10·56) were associated with increased odds of having IgG seropositivity, while being a household member of a patient with prior CCHF infection had no influence on seropositivity rates. This result also supports the idea that CCHF is not transmitted person-to-person by the airborne route.

scholarly journals Haemophagocytosis in a patient with Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1126-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atahan Cagatay ◽  
Mahir Kapmaz ◽  
Asli Karadeniz ◽  
Seniha Basaran ◽  
Mustafa Yenerel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Patient History ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe disease with a case fatality of 2.8 to 80 %. A patient dwelling in an endemic region for CCHF was admitted with fever preceding bleeding diathesis and pancytopenia. Despite no history of tick exposure, CCHF was highly suspected. With an oral ribavirin therapy, clinical and laboratory improvements were obtained. The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of IgM antibody to CCHF virus and positive RT-PCR. Although the main pathogenesis of CCHF infection is not elucidated yet, haemophagocytosis, a symptom rarely reported in viral haemorrhagic fevers, was observed in this case. Haemophagocytosis is suggested to have a role in the development of pancytopenia in CCHF, the mechanism of which still needs to be investigated, probably with cytokine studies. Together with clinical symptoms and patient history, haemophagocytosis may be an indicator for CCHF.

scholarly journals Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus-specific antibody detection in blood donors, Castile-León, Spain, summer 2017 and 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lía Monsalve Arteaga ◽  
Juan Luis Muñoz Bellido ◽  
María Carmen Vieira Lista ◽  
María Belén Vicente Santiago ◽  
Pedro Fernández Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Western Spain

Background Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is considered an emerging or even a probable re-emerging pathogen in southern Europe. Presence of this virus had been reported previously in Spain in 2010. Aim We aimed to evaluate the potential circulation of CCHFV in western Spain with a serosurvey in asymptomatic adults (blood donors). Methods During 2017 and 2018, we conducted a CCHFV serosurvey in randomly selected asymptomatic blood donors from western Spain. Three assays using specific IgG antibodies against CCHFV were performed: the VectoCrimea ELISA test, an in-house ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence (EuroImmun) test with glycoprotein and nucleoprotein. Results A total of 516 blood donors participated in this cross-sectional study. The majority of the study participants were male (68.4%), and the mean age was 46.3 years. Most of the participants came from rural areas (86.8%) and 68.6% had contact with animals and 20.9% had animal husbandry practices. One in five participants (109/516, 21.1%) were engaged in at-risk professional activities such as agriculture and shepherding, slaughtering, hunting, veterinary and healthcare work (mainly nursing staff and laboratory technicians). A total of 15.3% of the participants were bitten by ticks in the days or months before the date of sampling. We detected anti-CCHFV IgG antibodies with two diagnostic assays in three of the 516 individuals and with one diagnostic assay in six of the 516 individuals. Conclusion Seroprevalence of CCHFV was between 0.58% and 1.16% in Castile-León, Spain. This is the first study in western Spain that showed circulation of CCHFV in healthy people.

scholarly journals Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever presenting with acute compartment syndrome of the extremities (think beyond normal infections)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e232323
Author(s):  
Ishma Aijazi ◽  
Fadhil Mustafa Abdulla Al Shama ◽  
Yaseen Shandala ◽  
Rupa Murthy Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Acute Compartment Syndrome ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
The Right

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonosis transmitted to humans and animals (which act as a reservoir) through the bite of a ‘Hyalomma’ tick. CCHF virus belongs to the genus Nairovirus. Humans are infected when they come in direct contact with the blood or secretions of infected livestock or other infected humans. This disease initially presents with non-specific febrile symptoms common to many viral illnesses and later progresses to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with haemorrhagic manifestations.We present the case of a middle-aged man with CCHF. He presented to the hospital with DIC and acute compartment syndrome in the right forearm, requiring urgent orthopaedic intervention. The diagnosis was delayed because there was no clear history of contact. The patient was started taking ribavirin on the fifth day of hospital admission. He recovered fully.

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (16) ◽  
pp. 3422-3425 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. SINGH ◽  
M. CHHABRA ◽  
P. SHARMA ◽  
R. JAISWAL ◽  
G. SINGH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Western India ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Relatedness ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
First Time

SUMMARYCrimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is an emerging zoonotic disease in India which is prevalent in neighbouring countries. CCHF virus (CCHFV) is a widespread tick-borne virus which is endemic in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East. In the present study, samples of clinically suspected human cases from different areas of northern-western India were tested for the presence of CCHFV by RT–PCR through amplification of nucleocapsid (N) gene of CCHFV. Positive samples were sequenced to reveal the prevailing CCHFV genotype(s) and phylogenetic relatedness. A phylogenetic tree revealed the emergence of diverse strains in the study region showing maximum identity with the Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran strains, which was different from earlier reported Indian strains. Our findings reveal for the first time the emergence of the Asia 1 group in India; while earlier reported CCHFV strains belong to the Asia 2 group.

Initial high rate of misdiagnosis in Crimean Congo haemorrhagic fever patients in an endemic region of Turkey

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. TASDELEN FISGIN ◽  
L. DOGANCI ◽  
E. TANYEL ◽  
N. TULEK
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Epidemic Area ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

SUMMARYCrimean Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has been an emerging tick-borne infection in some parts of Turkey since 2002, with a number of fatalities. Many of the initial non-specific symptoms of CCHF can mimic other common infections. Additionally, the seasonal pattern of the epidemic, and the waning attention of healthcare workers to the yearly index cases caused some delays in appropriate patient care and treatment. Between March 2004 and August 2008, 140 confirmed adult cases were evaluated retrospectively for initial diagnosis and treatment delays. This study clearly demonstrated that there are particular delays (4·8 days) in the referral system to initiate effective antiviral treatment in the tertiary-care centre which significantly affect fatality rates (P>0·05). A large number of patients (n=95, 68%) received an initial misdiagnosis of various infections other than CCHF. In conclusion, continuous medical education regarding CCHF in the epidemic area is essential in order to achieve a better survival rate from this deadly infection.

scholarly journals Viraemic transmission of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus to ticks

1991 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Shepherd ◽  
R. Swanepoel ◽  
S. P. Shepherd ◽  
P. A. Leman ◽  
O. Mathee
Keyword(s):  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Transovarial Transmission ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Hyalomma Truncatum ◽  
Virus Content ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
Rhipicephalus Evertsi Evertsi ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Tick Vectors

SUMMARYIn order to determine the way in which vertebrates infected with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus and potential ixodid tick vectors interact in nature, immature and adult ticks of several species were fed on viraemic mammals and then assayed for virus content at varying times after feeding. CCHF virus was not isolated from ticks of six species tested after feeding as adults and immature forms on sheep with viraemia of 102·5−3·2LD 50/ml, nor from larval ticks fed on guinea-pigs and white-tailed rats with viraemia of 101·9−2·7LD 50/ml. In contrast, virus was isolated from 10 of 152 pools of engorged adult ticks of 5 species that fed on cattle with viraemia of 101·5−2·7LD 50/ml and from 3 of 137 female ticks after oviposition. Infection was transmitted to larval and nymphalHyalomma truncatumandH. marginatum rufipes, but not toRhipicephalus evertsi evertsi, from a scrub hare with viraemia of 104·250/ml but only nymphalH. truncatumandH. m. rufipesbecame infected from scrub hares with viraemia of 102·6−2·7LD 50/ml. Infection was transmitted trans-stadially inH. m. rufipesandH. truncatuminfected as nymphae, and adultH. m. rufipestransmitted infection to a sheep. No evidence of transovarial transmission was found in larval progeny of ticks exposed to CCHF virus as adults on sheep and cattle or as immatures on scrub hares.

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever outbreak in Middle Anatolia: a multicentre study of clinical features and outcome measures

2005 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bakir ◽  
Mehmet Ugurlu ◽  
Basak Dokuzoguz ◽  
Hurrem Bodur ◽  
Mehmet A Tasyaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chart Review ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Hospital Costs ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

A Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) outbreak emerged from 2001 to 2003 in the Middle Anatolia region of Turkey. This study describes the clinical characteristics and outcome features of CCHF patients admitted to four tertiary care hospitals in Turkey. Definitive diagnosis was based on the detection of CCHF virus-specific IgM by ELISA or of genomic segments of the CCHF virus by RT-PCR. Related data were collected by a retrospective chart review. Hospital costs were extracted from the final discharge bills. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine the independent predictors of mortality. CCHF virus-specific antibodies or genomic segments were detected in the sera of 99 cases. Seven cases that were treated with ribavirin were excluded from the study. Cases were mostly farmers (83 cases, 90 %), and 60 % had a tick-bite history before the onset of fever. Impaired consciousness and splenomegaly were independent predictors of a fatal outcome.

scholarly journals Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in a Greek worker returning from Bulgaria, June 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Papa ◽  
Filothei Markatou ◽  
Helena C. Maltezou ◽  
Elpida Papadopoulou ◽  
Eirini Terzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Status ◽  
Virus Strain ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Haemodynamic Instability ◽  
Severe Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Cchf Virus ◽  
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever

We report a tick-borne case of severe Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) imported into Greece from Bulgaria. The patient presented severe thrombocytopenia, hemophagocytosis, haemodynamic instability, large haematomas and altered mental status. Supportive treatment and ribavirin were administered. Symptoms started one day after the tick was removed; the patient was discharged from the hospital 26 days after symptom onset. No secondary cases were observed. Phylogenetically the CCHF virus strain belongs to clade Europe 1.

scholarly journals Effect of Prior Symptomatic Dengue Infection on Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Randula Ranawaka ◽  
Chamara Jayamanne ◽  
Kavinda Dayasiri ◽  
Dinuka Samaranayake ◽  
Udara Sandakelum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Past History ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Dengue Infection ◽  
Dengue Shock Syndrome ◽  
Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
History Of

Pathogenesis of dengue haemorrhagic fever is not fully understood, but it is thought that there is antibody enhancement during the secondary infection, which causes severe dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF). Therefore, patients who have DHF should have a documented history of symptomatic dengue infection in the past. A retrospective descriptive-analytical study was conducted at the University Paediatric Unit at Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, Sri Lanka. All children who had fulfilled the criteria for DHF admitted to the unit from April 2018 to September 2018 were recruited into the study. Relevant data were collected from bed head tickets. One hundred and eighty-four children were included in the final analysis. Thirty-three (17.9%) had a past history of documented symptomatic dengue infection, while 82.1% did not have a documented dengue infection. Twelve patients had dengue shock syndrome, and none of them had previously documented symptomatic dengue fever. Dextran was used in 96 patients in the critical phase. Twelve (42%) patients with past documented symptomatic dengue fever needed dextran while 84 (54.9%) patients without a documented past history of dengue fever needed dextran. In our clinical observation, we noticed that children with DHF mostly did not have a documented symptomatic prior dengue infection, while those with a documented symptomatic prior infection had a milder subsequent illness. In fact, the majority (82.1%) of patients with DHF did not have documented previous symptomatic dengue infection. It was also observed that the clinical course of subsequent dengue infection was less severe in patients with previously documented symptomatic dengue fever. This finding should be further evaluated in a larger scale study minimizing the all-confounding factors. This fact is more important in selecting recipients for vaccines against the dengue virus, which are supposed to produce immunity against the virus without causing the severe disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document