Outbreak of primary inoculation tuberculosis in an acupuncture clinic in southeastern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WANG ◽  
M. Y. ZHU ◽  
C. LI ◽  
H. B. ZHANG ◽  
G. B. ZUO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Index Patient ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Tuberculous Abscess ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

SUMMARYOutbreak of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections associated with acupuncture has not been reported. Thirteen patients with a painful swollen lump were referred to our hospital. The index patient received acupuncture and paraspinal muscular injection at a local acupuncture clinic in April 2011 and was diagnosed with M. tuberculosis 1 month later. From May 2011 to August 2011, 12 more patients with a swollen lump on the nuchal region or in the lower back or the buttocks region were referred to our hospital. Tuberculin skin test (TST), T-SPOT.TB, acid-fast stain, M. tuberculosis culture, chest radiograph, and lump magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed and the patients were diagnosed with tuberculous abscess of the lump. All 13 patients received intramuscular injection at the paraspinal muscle by two acupuncturists at a local clinic and reported a swollen lump at the injection site. The needles and syringes were reused after autoclave sterilization. The TST was positive in all patients. Twelve patients had positive acid-fast stains. Mycobacterial cultures of abscess specimens were positive in all 13 patients. T-SPOT.TB tests were positive in all patients who underwent the test. The lesions and biopsies were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing by the Disease Control Center of Zhejiang Province, China and the causative agent was identified as M. tuberculosis, Beijing type. In conclusion, physicians should consider the possibility of mycobacterial infections, apart from other bacterial agents, in patients with a swollen paraspinal lump following intramuscular injection.

scholarly journals Osseous Infections Caused by Aspergillus Species

Diagnostics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Christos Koutserimpas ◽  
Ifigeneia Chamakioti ◽  
Konstantinos Raptis ◽  
Kalliopi Alpantaki ◽  
Georgia Vrioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Axial Skeleton ◽  
Surgical Debridement ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Galactomannan Antigen ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Background: Osteomyelitis caused by Aspergillus spp. is a severe, but rare, clinical entity. However, clear guidelines regarding the most effective medical management have not yet been established. The present study is a literature review of all such cases, in an effort to elucidate epidemiology, as well as the therapeutic management and the infection’s outcome. Methods: A thorough review of all reports of osteomyelitis of the appendicular and the axial skeleton, without the skull and the spine, caused by Aspergillus spp. was undertaken. Data about demographics, imaging techniques facilitating diagnosis, causative Aspergillus, method of mold isolation, antifungal treatment (AFT), surgical treatment, as well as the infection’s outcome were recorded and evaluated. Results: A total of 63 cases of osseous infection due to Aspergillus spp. were identified. The studied population’s mean age was 37.9 years. The most commonly affected site was the rib cage (36.8%). Most hosts suffered immunosuppressive conditions (76.2%). Regarding imaging methods indicating diagnosis, computer tomography (CT) was performed in most cases (42.9%), followed by plain X-ray (41.3%) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (34.9%). The most frequent isolated mold was Aspergillus fumigatus (49.2%). Cultures and/or histopathology were used for definite diagnosis in all cases, while galactomannan antigen test was additionally used in seven cases (11.1%), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in four cases (6.3%), and beta-d-glucan testing in three cases (4.8%). Regarding AFT, the preferred antifungal was voriconazole (61.9%). Most patients underwent surgical debridement (63.5%). The outcome was successful in 77.5%. Discussion: Osteomyelitis due to Aspergillus spp. represents a severe infection. The available data suggest that prolonged AFT in combination with surgical debridement is the preferred management of this infection, while identification of the responsible mold is of paramount importance.

scholarly journals Malacoplakia of the Uterine Cervix: A Case Report

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 343
Author(s):  
Adela Saco ◽  
Natalia Rakislova ◽  
Lorena Marimon ◽  
Aureli Torne ◽  
Berta Diaz-Feijoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Cervical Tumors ◽  
Female Genital

Malacoplakia is an uncommon chronic granulomatous inflammation that rarely affects the female genital tract. A case of a 78-year-old woman with malacoplakia involving the uterine cervix and the vagina is described. The patient complained of vaginal bleeding. Clinically, a 13-mm mass was detected in the cervix, which was confirmed by ultrasound scan and magnetic resonance imaging. Histological examination showed a dense histiocytic infiltrate with abundant Michaelis–Gutmann bodies involving the uterine cervix and the upper vagina. The presence of Escherichia coli was confirmed in the lesion by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction. Only 12 cases of cervical malacoplakia have been reported to date. This condition should be included in the differential diagnosis of cervical tumors.

scholarly journals Two Cases of Orbital Myositis as a Rare Feature of Lyme Borreliosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Arnaud Sauer ◽  
Claude Speeg-Schatz ◽  
Yves Hansmann
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Orbital Myositis ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Diagnosis Criteria

Myositis has been reported as a rare manifestation of Lyme disease, and the Lyme disease spirochetes can be an important consideration in the differential diagnosis of unusual cases of myositis, especially in patients who live in or travel to endemic areas. We report the case of two patients who presented with focal orbital myositis which are rare localization for Lyme disease. Myositis were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Diagnosis criteria forBorrelia burgdorferi (B. burgdorferi)infection was supported by (i) medical history (tick bite in an endemic area), (ii) systemic clinical findings (Erythema migrans, neurological manifestation or arthritis), (iii) positive Lyme serology and/or the detection ofB. burgdorferiDNA by polymerase chain reaction, as well as (iv) exclusion of other infectious and inflammatory causes. The current cases are reviewed in the context of findings from previous myositis descriptions.

scholarly journals A CASE OF TUBERCULOUS ABSCESS OF THE NECK PROMPTLY DIAGNOSED BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION METHOD

1993 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1497-1501
Author(s):  
Masatoshi OHTA ◽  
Yutaka TOKUDA ◽  
Yuko YANAGITA ◽  
Soichi KUGE ◽  
Akira OKUMURA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Tuberculous Abscess ◽  
Polymerase Chain

An evaluation of melarsomine hydrochloride efficacy for parasitological cure in experimental infection of dairy cattle with Trypanosoma evansi in Thailand

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARC DESQUESNES ◽  
KETSARIN KAMYINGKIRD ◽  
TIMOTHÉE VERGNE ◽  
NACHAI SARATAPHAN ◽  
RODTIAN PRANEE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SUMMARYMelarsomine hydrochloride can cure Trypanosoma evansi infection in camels at a dose of 0·25 mg/kg, but at that dose relapses occur in cattle. In our study, the efficacy of an intramuscular injection of melarsomine hydrochloride at 0·5 mg/kg was assessed in 3 normal and 3 splenectomized dairy cattle experimentally infected with a stock of T. evansi from Thailand. The animals were monitored for 5 months by haematocrit centrifugation, blood- or cerebrospinal fluid-mouse inoculation, polymerase chain reaction, the card agglutination test (CATT) for T. evansi, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay‑T. evansi. Parasitological and DNA tests became and remained negative just after treatment. By the end of the experiment, CATT was negative and ELISA scores were below or very close to the cut-off value. One of the splenectomized cattle died from anaplasmosis during the experiment, but tested negative for surra. It was concluded that the parasites had been cleared from the cattle, and melarsomine hydrochloride at 0·5 mg/kg can be recommended for treatment against T. evansi infection in dairy cattle in Thailand. Further work is necessary to validate the efficacy of the treatment in the event of confirmed CSF-infection.

Overuse or underuse of MRI scanners in private radiology centers in Tehran

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Saadat ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Ghodsi ◽  
Kavous Firouznia ◽  
Mahyar Etminan ◽  
Khadijeh Goudarzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Specific Point ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Negative Findings ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objectives:The semiprivate health system in Iran has created an opportunity for unnecessary uses of advanced medical equipments including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study aimed to evaluate the evidence for MRI overuse in private diagnostic imaging centers in Tehran, Iran. The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of use of MRI scans for different complaints and to explore frequency of normal MRI findings as a function of unnecessary MRI use.Methods:We conducted a survey among private MRI centers in Tehran, Iran, to study the proportion of MRI scans that may result in significant clinical finding. All MRI reports at a specific point in time at selected MRI centers were reviewed by a physician and the findings were recorded as normal, abnormal, or substantial changes.Results:Of all the MRI reports, 17.2 percent had resulted in normal findings; 9.8 percent ordered for examination of headache, and 4.8 percent for lower back pain.Conclusion:Unnecessary MRIs are most likely to result in normal finding; although not all the MRI with normal results could be identified as unnecessary. Negative findings from MRI scans may be reassuring to both clinicians and patients. The proportion of normal findings in MRI scans did not provide evidence of MRI overuse in Iran. The results of this study warrant formation of guidelines for the use of MRIs for headache and low back pain disorders.

scholarly journals Fatal Eastern Equine Encephalitis in a Patient on Maintenance Rituximab: A Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac H. Solomon ◽  
Pedro D. S. C. Ciarlini ◽  
Sandro Santagata ◽  
Asim A. Ahmed ◽  
Umberto De Girolami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Ig G ◽  
Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis

Abstract A 63-year-old woman on rituximab maintenance for follicular lymphoma presented with headaches, vomiting, and fever, and was diagnosed with eastern equine encephalomyelitis by cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction. Eastern equine encephalomyelitis immunoglobulin (Ig)G/IgM remained negative due to rituximab treatment, and magnetic resonance imaging showed minimal abnormalities, making this a diagnostically challenging case. Despite therapy with intravenous Ig, the patient rapidly declined and died on hospital day 12. Autopsy revealed perivascular and parenchymal chronic inflammation, with an absence of B lymphocytes, and virally infected neurons throughout the central nervous system.

scholarly journals Lumbosacral Spondylodiscitis- An Atypical Localisation of SalmonellaTyphi Infection: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sruthi Vinayan ◽  
Vimal Karnaker ◽  
V Sreelatha ◽  
Sanjana Nair
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Culture Studies ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
The Family ◽  
Spine Tuberculosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Salmonella belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. The various members of the genus cause diseases that are important public health problems. Apart from causing typhoid, Salmonella can cause an array of diseases ranging from osteomyelitis to meningitis, though rare. Herein, authors report one such uncommon scenario, in an otherwise healthy 40-year-old female who presented with lower back pain. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was suggestive of lumbosacral spondylodiscitis and she underwent a spine stabilisation surgery. The pathogen was confirmed to be Salmonella Typhi by microbiological workup. She responded well to treatment with ceftriaxone. This case report implies the significance of culture studies in the early management of the patient. It is imperative for the diagnosis, as the symptoms of the aforementioned disease are usually non-specific and imaging studies are indiscernible from spine tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Spheroid-Like Cultures for Expanding Angiopoietin Receptor-1 (aka. Tie2) Positive Cells from the Human Intervertebral Disc

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9423
Author(s):  
Xingshuo Zhang ◽  
Julien Guerrero ◽  
Andreas S. Croft ◽  
Christoph E. Albers ◽  
Sonja Häckel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Spheroid Formation ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Cell Based Therapy ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Population Doublings ◽  
Angiopoietin 1

Lower back pain is a leading cause of disability worldwide. The recovery of nucleus pulposus (NP) progenitor cells (NPPCs) from the intervertebral disc (IVD) holds high promise for future cell therapy. NPPCs are positive for the angiopoietin-1 receptor (Tie2) and possess stemness capacity. However, the limited Tie2+ NPC yield has been a challenge for their use in cell-based therapy for regenerative medicine. In this study, we attempted to expand NPPCs from the whole NP cell population by spheroid-formation assay. Flow cytometry was used to quantify the percentage of NPPCs with Tie2-antibody in human primary NP cells (NPCs). Cell proliferation was assessed using the population doublings level (PDL) measurement. Synthesis and presence of extracellular matrix (ECM) from NPC spheroids were confirmed by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), immunostaining, and microscopy. Compared with monolayer, the spheroid-formation assay enriched the percentage of Tie2+ in NPCs’ population from ~10% to ~36%. Moreover, the spheroid-formation assay also inhibited the proliferation of the Tie2- NPCs with nearly no PDL. After one additional passage (P) using the spheroid-formation assay, NPC spheroids presented a Tie2+ percentage even further by ~10% in the NPC population. Our study concludes that the use of a spheroid culture system could be successfully applied to the culture and expansion of tissue-specific progenitors.

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