scholarly journals Beliefs and attitudes towards the influenza vaccine in high-risk individuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 1786-1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. SANTOS ◽  
I. KISLAYA ◽  
A. MACHADO ◽  
B. NUNES
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

SUMMARYSocietal and economic impact of influenza is mainly due to influenza infection of specific groups, who are at higher risk of health complications leading up to hospitalisation or death. In this study we applied the health belief model (HBM) to evaluate beliefs and attitudes towards influenza disease and vaccine in community-dwelling high-risk individuals (aged 65 or more or having a chronic disease). We conducted a mixed-method study using data collected through a telephone survey of a household unit sample. We used thematic analysis to map responses to HBM dimensions and Poisson regression to model vaccine non-uptake prevalence. The main self-reported reason not to take the vaccine referred to the susceptibility dimension: ‘considering oneself to be a healthy person’ (29·8%, (95% confidence interval (CI) 22·1–38·7)). Bad experiences after vaccination – barriers dimension – were also commonly reported (17·0%, (95% CI 10·8–23·8)). Vaccine non-uptake prevalence was 22% higher in those who did not consider themselves susceptible to contract flu (Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1·22, (95% CI 1·0–1·5)) and 18% lower in those who did not consider that the vaccine causes flu symptoms (PR = 0·82, (95% CI 0·68–0·99)). Results suggest that high-risk individuals do not think of themselves susceptible to influenza infection and fear adverse events following immunisation.

scholarly journals Hesitation and Refusal Factors in Individuals' Decision-Making Processes Regarding a Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arcadio A. Cerda ◽  
Leidy Y. García
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Logistic Regression Method ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Available Information

Introduction: Considering the global prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a vaccine is being developed to control the disease as a complementary solution to hygiene measures—and better, in social terms, than social distancing. Given that a vaccine will eventually be produced, information will be needed to support a potential campaign to promote vaccination.Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the variables affecting the likelihood of refusal and indecision toward a vaccine against COVID-19 and to determine the acceptance of the vaccine for different scenarios of effectiveness and side effects.Materials and Methods: A multinomial logistic regression method based on the Health Belief Model was used to estimate the current methodology, using data obtained by an online anonymous survey of 370 respondents in Chile.Results: The results indicate that 49% of respondents were willing to be vaccinated, with 28% undecided or 77% of individuals who would potentially be willing to be inoculated. The main variables that explained the probability of rejection or indecision were associated with the severity of COVID-19, such as, the side effects and effectiveness of the vaccine; perceived benefits, including immunity, decreased fear of contagion, and the protection of oneself and the environment; action signals, such as, responses from ones' family and the government, available information, and specialists' recommendations; and susceptibility, including the contagion rate per 1,000 inhabitants and relatives with COVID-19, among others. Our analysis of hypothetical vaccine scenarios revealed that individuals preferred less risky vaccines in terms of fewer side effects, rather than effectiveness. Additionally, the variables that explained the indecision toward or rejection of a potential COVID-19 vaccine could be used in designing public health policies.Conclusions: We discovered that it is necessary to formulate specific, differentiated vaccination-promotion strategies for the anti-vaccine and undecided groups based on the factors that explain the probability of individuals refusing or expressing hesitation toward vaccination.

scholarly journals Critiquing the Health Belief Model and Sexual Risk Behaviours among Adolescents: A Narrative Review of Familial and Peer Influence

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Michael C.T. O’Dwyer ◽  
Tinashe Dune ◽  
John Bidewell ◽  
Pranee Liamputtong
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Parental Relationships ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Research into the rising rates of sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancies among adolescents has highlighted the challenge in developing sexual education campaigns that affect behavioural change. Frequent attempts to apply the otherwise robust Health Belief Model to the challenge of high-risk sexual behaviours have yielded confounding results from sexually active teens who discount the seriousness of consequences or their susceptibility to them. Social dynamics involving familial and peer relationships may strongly influence teen sexual risk-taking; the growing population of sexual risk-takers is strongly associated with disengaged family environments and a shift in alliance from family to peer community. This shift in identification to peer groups, in the absence of supportive parental relationships, is correlated with permissive and coercive sexual behaviour and a future of substance abuse, depression, sexually transmitted infections and unwanted pregnancy.This paper seeks to explore the correlation between peer interaction and parental relationships and availability, while assessing the predictive value of the Health Belief Model in relation to adolescent high risk sexual behaviour. Doing so can inform research to further clarify the nature of these associations and investigate new insights into adolescent sexual dynamics and new policy and programming approaches to sexual health promotion.

scholarly journals The Effect of Educational Intervention on Safe and High-Risk Driving Behaviors in Taxi Drivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Razmara ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Zahra Hosseini ◽  
Abdolhossein Madani ◽  
Shahram Zare
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Taxi Drivers ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Risk Driving ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Background: High-risk driving behaviors is one of the leading causes of death and disability. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational intervention on promoting safe-driving behaviors and reducing high risk-driving behaviors in taxi drivers based on the health belief model and planned behavior theory. Methods: A quasi-experimental study of interventional and control drivers (n = 40) selected by a cluster sampling method was conducted. The participants were selected from taxi stations. The intervention group was divided into 4 groups, including 10 people. The contents of the training program were based on driving laws, avoiding high-risk behaviors, and advising on safe driving behaviors. The driving behaviors were measured at baseline and 3-month post-intervention. Constructs of the health belief model and theory of planned behavior were used as an interventional program framework. Independent t-test and Paired t-test were used to compare the scores between intervention and control drivers and the intervention group before and after the intervention at each of the variables, respectively. Results: Three months post-intervention, the scores of safe driving behaviors in the intervention group were higher than the control group, and high-risk driving behaviors in the intervention group were less than the control group. After the intervention, a significant difference was observed in the mean scores of perceived barriers, self-efficacy, cues to action, attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control between two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Educational intervention within the framework of the combined constructs of the health belief model and theory of planned behavior can reduce high-risk driving behaviors and promote safe driving behaviors in taxi drivers.

scholarly journals Applying Health Belief Model among High Risk Hypertensive Clients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-306
Author(s):  
Heba Abd El Hafiez Abd El Rhman ◽  
Magda Abd El-Sattar Ahmed ◽  
Sabah Abd El-Mobdi Radwan
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Belief Model

Factors Associated With Colonoscopy Compliance Based on Health Belief Model in a Community-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program Shanghai, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Lihua He ◽  
Shuna Gao ◽  
Sha Tao ◽  
Weiyi Li ◽  
Juan Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Perceived Severity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Belief Model

Screening can help early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the general population. However, colonoscopy compliance in screening program is low in China. The study aimed to identify factors associated with colonoscopy compliance based on Health Belief Model (HBM). An investigation was conducted in Huangpu District, Shanghai in 2015. High-risk individuals of CRC received an in-person interview with physicians to fill out a questionnaire. The questionnaires assessing predictors of colonoscopy compliance were collected, and status of colonoscopy participation was determined. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted. Among 2,568 high-risk population (20.68%), 531 subjects underwent colonoscopy. Participants with both risk assessment and fecal immunochemical test positive were most likely to undergo colonoscopy. Based on HBM, colonoscopy compliance was positively associated with higher perceived severity (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.00, 1.10]). Higher perceived barriers ( OR = 0.97, 95% CI = [0.94, 0.99]), without prior colonoscopy ( OR = 0.35, 95% CI = [0.26, 0.47]), not knowing anyone who underwent colonoscopy before ( OR = 0.74, 95% CI = [0.58, 0.96]), without health-care provider recommendation on colonoscopy ( OR = 0.58, 95% CI = [0.44, 0.77]), and without psychosocial support from someone for colonoscopy ( OR = 0.27, 95% CI = [0.21, 0.35]) were shown to be associated with colonoscopy noncompliance. The colonoscopy compliance was low in this CRC screening program in Shanghai, China. The influencing factors were positive results in primary screening, perceived severity, perceived barriers, personal or others’ experiences in colonoscopy, health-care provider recommendation, and psychosocial supports. Effective education campaign and facilitated communication between health-care providers and high-risk population were suggested in the future interventions.

Preventing HIV Infection among Juvenile Delinquents: Educational Diagnosis Using the Health Belief Model

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen M. Lux ◽  
Rick Petosa
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Safer Sex ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

The purpose of this study was to use an enhanced version of the Health Belief Model as a conceptual framework to describe health beliefs and safer sex intentions for HIV prevention educational needs of juvenile delinquents between the ages of thirteen to eighteen years incarcerated in state supported training schools in Ohio. An accessible sample ( n = 452) of juvenile delinquents from four of nine institutions was the study population. Juvenile delinquents in this study were at high risk for HIV infection. They reported low rates of safer sex intentions. Rates of perceived barriers to condom use and perceived social barriers to safer sex were high and consistent with low rates of safer sex intention. Rates of self-efficacy for condom use were high but inconsistent with intentions. While a majority of subjects reported self-efficacy for discussion of sexual histories, a larger majority reported low efficacy for disclosing previous high-risk behavior. This suggests that discussion of sexual history with a partner may not be effective in reducing risk among this population. The primary source of information about HIV was the mass media. HIV prevention programs for juvenile delinquents should consider the current health beliefs of this high-risk, hard-to-reach population.

scholarly journals Health Beliefs of Wearing Facemasks for Influenza A/H1N1 Prevention: A Qualitative Investigation of Hong Kong Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Qing Zhang ◽  
Pak-Kwong Chung ◽  
Jing-Dong Liu ◽  
Derwin K. C. Chan ◽  
Martin S. Hagger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
H1n1 Pandemic ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Belief Model

Although vaccination is the first-line strategy controlling and preventing influenza A/H1N1 for older adults, personal protective measures, such as wearing facemasks, are also important preventive behaviors to reduce the risk of becoming infected with influenza A/H1N1 during a pandemic. In the current study, we aimed to explore the belief-related psychological factors of wearing facemasks for influenza A/H1N1 prevention in a sample of Hong Kong older adults. Community-dwelling Chinese adults (N = 137) aged between 65 and 80 years (Mage = 75.10; SDage = 6.49) participated in semistructured interviews. Data were analyzed using theoretical thematic analysis and identified themes were matched deductively within the belief-based processes of the health belief model. Results revealed beliefs that underpinned 4 general dimensions of facemask wearing: (1) perceived susceptibility and seriousness of influenza A/H1N1 pandemic (e.g., influenza A/H1N1 as contagious and lethal), (2) modifying factors (e.g., social responsibility to prevent influenza), (3) cues to action (e.g., seeing others doing it), and (4) perceived benefits and barriers (e.g., protects oneself and others, difficult to breathe). Future interventions can target these beliefs to improve facemask wearing of older adults and, thus, curb preventable infection rates during an influenza A/H1N1 pandemic.

scholarly journals Peer-led Theoretically Desinged HIV/AIDS Prevention Intervention Among Students: A Case Of Health Belief Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Joorbonyan ◽  
Ghaffari Mohtasham ◽  
Rakhshanderou Sakineh
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Awareness Level

Abstract Background & Aim: HIV/AIDS is one of the most dangerous viruses known in the world. In addition, considering its fatality rate and high cost of care, it is a serious threat to the health and economy of social communities. Adolescents are one of the high-risk groups. One of the most effective ways to prevent this disease is to promote healthcare, raise awareness, and change health-related beliefs and attitudes. This study aims at determining the effect of peer education, based on the health belief model, on the preventative measures against AIDS adopted by girls. Methods & Materials: In this empirical-interventionist study two schools were randomly selected, one of which was considered as the intervention group and the other as the control group. The classes were also randomly selected and 80 students from each school took part in the project following the entry criterion. A questionnaire with acceptable validity and reliability was used to collect data. In this study a few bright students were chosen as peer educators after being trained. The intervention group received 4 sessions of 60-minute education through training, lectures, question and answer, and group discussion. The posttest was administered two months after the treatment. The data was fed into the SPSS 16. Finally, T-test, Chi-Square, and ANCOVA were employed to analyze the data. 2 Results: The average scores obtained from the intervention group and the control group were not significantly different in terms of awareness level, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, behavioral intention, and pre-intervention behavior (P˃0.05). Two months after the intervention there was a significant increase in the average scores of all the variables in the experimental group (P>0.05). However, there was no significant change in the scores of the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Following a health belief model focusing on peer eduaction among high school girls, the intervention eduaction can affect awareness level, susceptibility, severity, benefits, perceived barriers, perceived self-efficacy, behavioral intention, and finally avoidance of high-risk behavior.

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