Toxoplasma gondii infection in children with lymphoma in Eastern China: seroprevalence, risk factors and case–control studies

Abstract Epidemiological data for Toxoplasma gondii regarding malignancy have gained increasing attention; however, the information about T. gondii infection among children with malignant lymphoma (ML) in China is unclear. Therefore, 314 children with lymphoma and 314 healthy children, age- and gender-matched, were recruited to estimate the seroprevalence of T. gondii in the participants and identify the risk factors of infection. Blood samples from all participants were collected and examined for T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using ELISA. The results showed that the overall seroprevalence of T. gondii antibodies (including IgG and/or IgM) in ML patients and healthy controls was 19.8% and 9.9%, respectively. Contact with the cats, consumption of oysters and history of chemotherapy were estimated to be the risk factors for T. gondii infection in children with lymphoma by multivariable logistic regression analysis, whereas in healthy children, contact with cats and consumption of oysters were the risk factors. Moreover, among various histological types of lymphoma, individuals with NK/T-cell lymphoma, B-small lymphocytic lymphoma, marginal zone B-lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma had a higher seroprevalence than healthy controls (P < 0.05). These findings indicated the high prevalence of T. gondii infection in children with lymphoma, and hence, efforts should be performed to evaluate the effect of the infection further in lymphoma patients.

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Seroprevalence and correlates of Toxoplasma gondii infection in dairy cattle in northwest China

Acta Parasitologica ◽

10.1515/ap-2015-0087 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Qi-Dong Tan ◽

Xiao-Yu Yang ◽

Ming-Yang Yin ◽

Ling-Ying Hu ◽

Si-Yuan Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Dairy Cattle ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Northwest China ◽

Gansu Province ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Modified Agglutination Test ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

AbstractPrevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and risk factors with infection were assessed in dairy cattle from Gansu Province and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NXHAR), northwest China. In total, 1657 serum samples were collected and assayed by the modified agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 4.83% at a 1:100 cut-off, with titers of 1:100 in 72, 1:200 in 4, 1:400 in 4. Among the risk factors examined, no statistically significant difference was observed between T. gondii seroprevalence and regions or age of dairy cattle in the logistic regression analysis (P>0.05) and left out of the final model. However, numbers of pregnancies of dairy cattle was considered as main risk factor associated with T. gondii infection. Dairy cattle in nulliparity group (8.89%) had 6 times (OR=6.31, 95% CI, 2.69-14.83, P<0.001) higher risk of being seropositive compared to dairy cattle in 3 or above 3 pregnancies group (1.52%), followed by 1 pregnancy group (4.27%) had nearly 3 times (OR=2.89, 95% CI, 1.11-7.52, P = 0.03) higher risk of being seropositive compared to dairy cattle in 3 or above 3 pregnancies group, although no statistical difference was found between 2 pregnancies group and 3 or above 3 pregnancies group (P = 0.70). The results of this survey indicated the presence of T. gondii infection in dairy cattle in Gansu Province and NXHAR, which enriches the epidemiological data of T. gondii infection in dairy cattle in China, and is helpful to strengthen prevention and control of T. gondii infection in dairy cattle in these two regions.

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Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with liver disease in eastern China

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268817001327 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 145 (11) ◽

pp. 2296-2302 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

A. L. TIAN ◽

G. X. LI ◽

H. M. ELSHEIKHA ◽

D. S. GARDNER ◽

X. Y. ZHANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Eastern China ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Protozoan Parasite ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

SUMMARYThe role of the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii in the pathogenesis of liver disease has recently gained much interest. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in patients with liver disease from three cities in Shandong and Henan provinces, China. A case–control study was conducted from December 2014 to November 2015 and included 1142 patients with liver disease and 1142 healthy controls. Serum samples were collected from all individuals and were examined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the presence of anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies. Information on the demographics, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics of the participants was collected from the medical records and by the use of a questionnaire. The prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgG was 19·7% in patients with liver disease compared with 12·17% in the controls. Only 13 patients had anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies compared with 12 control individuals (1·14% vs. 1·05%, respectively). The highest seroprevalence was detected in patients with liver cancer (22·13%), followed by hepatitis patients (20·86%), liver cirrhosis patients (20·42%), and steatosis patients (20%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that consumption of raw meat (odds ratio (OR) = 1·32; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·01–1·71; P = 0·03) and source of drinking water from wells (OR = 1·56; 95% CI 1·08–2·27; P = 0·01) were independent risk factors for T. gondii infection in liver disease patients. These findings indicate that T. gondii infection is more likely to be present in patients with liver disease. Therefore, efforts should be directed toward health education of populations at high risk of T. gondii infection and measures should be taken to protect vulnerable patients with liver disease.

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Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in China: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors, and Case-Control Studies

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2018/4723739 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yong-Xin Li ◽

Hai Xin ◽

Xiang-Yan Zhang ◽

Cui-Ying Wei ◽

Yu-He Duan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Case Control ◽

Future Research ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

And Control

The association between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and diabetes mellitus remains controversial. With the improvement of living standards, the prevalence rate of diabetes is steadily increasing in China. Thus, it is necessary to explore the possible association between toxoplasmosis and diabetes mellitus in China. Hence, case-control studies were conducted to explore the T. gondii seroprevalence and identify the risk factors and possible transmission routes of T. gondii infection in different types of diabetes, including type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and gestational diabetes (GDM) patients in China. Four hundred serum samples for each type of diabetes mellitus, matched with 400 control subjects for each group, were collected and examined for anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies using commercially available enzyme immunoassay kits. The total T. gondii seroprevalence in T1DM, T2DM, and GDM patients was 16.50%, 23.50%, and 21.25%, respectively. Each type of diabetes mellitus patients had a significantly higher T. gondii seroprevalence than the control subjects. Multivariate regression identified three variables as risk factors for T. gondii infection in diabetes patients, including keeping cats at home and consumption of raw oysters for T1DM patients and consumption of raw/undercooked meat and raw oysters for T2DM patients, which may help to guide future research and control policies in diabetes mellitus patients.

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Increased Risk of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Patients with Colorectal Cancer in Eastern China: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors, and a Case–Control Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/2539482 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Yang Yu ◽

Dong Guo ◽

Tingting Qu ◽

Shuchao Zhao ◽

Chang Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Eastern China ◽

Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽

Rural Residence ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

The aim of this study was to explore the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in eastern China. Therefore, 287 primary CRC patients and 287 age-matched healthy control subjects were recruited to estimate the seroprevalence of T. gondii and identify the risk factors of infection. Enzyme-linked immunoassays were used to test for anti-T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies. Forty-six (16%) samples were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies in patients with CRC, compared with 26 (9.1%) in the healthy controls, a significant difference ( P = 0.007 ). By contrast, eight (2.8%) patients tested positive for T. gondii IgM antibodies, compared with three (1.1%) in the controls, a difference that was not significant ( P = 0.13 ). Multivariable backward stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that a rural residence (OR 2.83; 95% CI 1.15–7.01; P = 0.024 ) and treatment with chemotherapy (OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.02–4.57; P = 0.045 ) were risk factors for T. gondii infection in patients with CRC. Thus, T. gondii infection is serious in patients with CRC, and a rural residence and treatment with chemotherapy are independent risk factors for infection by this parasite. Therefore, medical professionals should be aware of this pathogen in patients with CRC, and the causes of T. gondii infection in these patients need to be explored further.

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Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Farmed Minks (Neovison vison) in Northeastern and Eastern China

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases ◽

10.1089/vbz.2015.1930 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. 485-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Wen-Bin Zheng ◽

Wei Cong ◽

Qing-Feng Meng ◽

Jian-Gang Ma ◽

Chun-Feng Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Eastern China ◽

Neovison Vison ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

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Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in children with leukemia in Shandong Province, Eastern China: a case—control prospective study

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.6604 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e6604 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Na Zhou ◽

Haiyang Fu ◽

Zhongjun Wang ◽

Hailei Shi ◽

Yang Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Blood Transfusion ◽

Eastern China ◽

Case Control ◽

Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Control Subjects ◽

History Of

Limited information is available concerning the epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in children with leukemia in Eastern China. Therefore, a case-control study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in this patient group and to identify risk factors and possible routes of infection. Serum samples were collected from 339 children with leukemia and 339 age matched health control subjects in Qingdao from September 2014 to March 2018. Enzyme linked immunoassays were used to screen anti- T. gondii IgG and anti- T. gondii IgM antibodies. Forty-eight (14.2%) children with leukemia and 31 (9.1%) control subjects were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies (P < 0.05), while 13 (3.8%) patients and 14 (4.1%) controls were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies (P = 0.84). Multivariate analysis showed exposure to soil and a history of blood transfusion were risk factors for T. gondii infection. Compared with IgG, patients with a history of blood transfusion were more likely to present anti- T. gondii IgM (P = 0.003). Moreover, patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and acute lymphocytic leukemia had higher T. gondii seroprevalence in comparison to control subjects (P = 0.002 and P = 0.016, respectively). The results indicated that the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in children with leukemia is higher than that of healthy children in Eastern China. This information may be used to guide future research and clinical management, and further studies are necessary to elucidate the role of T. gondii in children with leukemia.

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Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in domestic sika deer (Cervus nippon) in northeastern China

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.08.021 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 140 ◽

pp. 184-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Si-Yuan Qin ◽

Xiao-Xuan Zhang ◽

Wei Cong ◽

Dong-Hui Zhou ◽

Jin-Lei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Sika Deer ◽

Cervus Nippon ◽

Northeastern China ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

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Toxoplasma gondii infection in cancer patients: Prevalence, risk factors, genotypes and association with clinical diagnosis

Cancer Letters ◽

10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.036 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 359 (2) ◽

pp. 307-313 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Wei Cong ◽

Guo-Hua Liu ◽

Qing-Feng Meng ◽

Wei Dong ◽

Si-Yuan Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

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Prevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in certified and non-certified pig breeding farms in the Toledo microregion, PR, Brazil

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612010000300005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 152-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Piassa Franciele Rossandra ◽

Jacqueline Baptista de Araújo ◽

Ronaldo César da Rosa ◽

Rodrigo José Mattei ◽

Rodrigo Costa da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Human Infection ◽

Control Measures ◽

Rodent Control ◽

Reproductive Disorders ◽

Toxoplasma Infection ◽

Pork Products ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

Breeding Farms

Toxoplasma gondii infection has been diagnosed in pigs all over the world. Economical losses are generally related to reproductive disorders. Toxoplasma infection is also a matter of public health because tissue cysts of the parasite may remain in pork and pork products, and become sources of human infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection in certified and non-certified pig breeding farms in the Toledo microregion, in the State of Paraná, Brazil which includes the cities of Toledo, Nova Santa Rosa, Sao José das Palmeiras and Sao Pedro do Iguaçu. Relative frequency of infection was 13.4%, independently of the type of farm. Logistic regression analysis showed that the following factors were associated with infection: absence of workers exclusive for each area of the farm, access of other animals to feeders and drinkers, lack of lids in drinkers, lack of rodent control measures, mean piglet number and weight at weaning per female.

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