RECENT INVESTIGATIONS AT TULA CHICO, TULA, HIDALGO

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Robert H. Cobean ◽  
Dan M. Healan ◽  
María Elena Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Classic Period ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Early Postclassic ◽  
Initial Settlement ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
History Of

AbstractRecent excavations at Tula Chico, the monumental center for Tula's earliest settlement, revealed a long and complex history of occupation, beginning with its initial settlement in the Middle Classic period by Coyotlatelco peoples, when much of the region was under Teotihuacan's direct control. During the Epiclassic period, a program of monumental construction began that developed the monumental complex seen today over a period of about 200 years. Although Tula Chico was superseded by Tula Grande, the monumental center for the Early Postclassic city, it continued to be occupied and maintained until its destruction by fire. Tula Chico and Tula Grande show evidence of clear cultural continuity in ceramics, architecture, and sculpture, including “Toltec style” sculpture characteristic of Tula Grande that is present in temporally early contexts at Tula Chico.

scholarly journals Between the past and the present: the Ixil Maya and the discovery of rare mural paintings in Guatemala

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 169-185
Author(s):  
Jarosław Źrałka ◽  
Katarzyna Radnicka
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Period ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Wall Paintings ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Mural Paintings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Maya Area ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
North Western

The Ixil Maya area is located in Quiche Department of the north-western part of the Guatemalan Highlands. It has witnessed a continuous occupation since the 1st millennium BC till today. This archaeologically interesting region has provided many important discoveries of rare cultural mixture, with distinct features typical for both Maya Highlands and more distant Lowlands. Recently, the scholarly interest has focused on Chajul where a few years ago, in one of the local houses, well preserved wall paintings dated to the Colonial period were exposed by the house owner during the process of its renovation. With this extraordinary finding a question emerged - are we able to confirm the cultural continuity between the pre-Columbian settlers and modem Ixil who claim «to be always here»? This paper presents a brief outline of the history of the Ixil Maya. It also presents results of some recent and preliminary studies conducted by Polish scholars in this region.

scholarly journals VISI ISLAM DALAM AGAMA DAN PERADABAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MARSHALL G.S HODGSON

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Farida Ulvi Na’imah
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Political World ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Islamic Civilization

            This study describes Marshall G. Hodgson's thinking about the study of Islamic history studies in his work entitled The Venture of Islam. The research used in this study is analytical descriptive, which is a study that examines Marshall G.S Hodgson's thinking about Islamic history studies then parses and identifies the patterns of thought. According to Marshall G. S. Hodgson the history of Islam is the result of the ever-changing setting shaped by the Islamic tradition. In addition, it is also the result of a process of accomodation or acculturation from other pre-existing cultural traditions. Based on this view, and in the context of conversations about Islamic civilization, Marshall G. S. Hodgson emphasized the importance of seeing cultural continuity occurring at the level of religion, expressed by Muslims. Marshall G.S. Hudgson in seeing the reality of Islam in the world classifies in three forms of Islamic phenomena as the object of study. First, the phenomenon of Islam as a doctrine (Islamic), second, the phenomenon when the doctrine enters and processes in a cultural society (Islamicate) and manifests itself in a particular social and historical context. And thirdly, when Islam became a phenomenon of the political "world" in state institutions (Islamdom).

Linguistic Divergence and the Collapse of Preclassic Civilization in Southern Mesoamerica

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce H. Dahlin ◽  
Robin Quizar ◽  
Andrea Dahlin
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Classic Period ◽  
Late Classic ◽  
Postclassic Period ◽  
Proximate Cause ◽  
Terminal Classic ◽  
Early Postclassic ◽  
Ultimate Cause ◽  
Early Classic Period

Based on published lexicostatistical dates, two intervals in the prehistory of southern Mesoamerica stand out as fertile periods in terms of the generation of new languages: the Terminal Preclassic/early Early Classic Periods, and the Early Postclassic Period. After comparing archaeological evidence with language distributions within the subregions of southern Mesoamerica during the first of these periods, we conclude that the cultural processes during both periods had the same potential for producing rapid rates of linguistic divergences. Just as rapid proliferation of linguistic divisions was symptomatic of the well-known collapse of Late Classic Maya civilization, so it can be taken as a sign of a collapse of Terminal Preclassic civilization. Both collapses were characterized by severe population reductions, site abandonments, an increasing balkanization in material culture, and disruption of interregional communication networks, conditions that were contributory to the kind of linguistic isolation that allows language divergences. Unlike in the Terminal Classic collapse episode, small refuge zones persisted in the Early Classic Period that served as sources of an evolving classicism; these refuge zones were exceptions, however, not the rule. Although the collapse of each site had its own proximate cause, we suggest that the enormous geographical range covered by these Early Classic Period site failures points to a single ultimate cause affecting the area as a whole, such as the onset of a prolonged and devastating climatic change.

Introduction

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGINA HERRMANN ◽  
JOE CRIBB
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Alexander The Great ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Iconography

This introductory chapter discusses the coverage of this book, which is about the history of Central Asia after its conquest by Alexander the Great and before the introduction of Islam. It explores the role of the nomads in the shaping of Central Asia, describes major cities and the arrangement of buildings, and explores the region's experience with a series of invasions. The chapter analyses the role of money as a marker of cultural continuity and change and discusses religious iconography and temples.

Ancient Maya Chert Workshops in Northern Belize, Central America

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry J. Shafer ◽  
Thomas R. Hester
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Classic Period ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
Late Classic ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Postclassic ◽  
Preclassic Period ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Archaeological Work ◽  
Main Center

Recent archaeological work at Colha and at other localities in the geographically restricted chert-bearing zone of northern Belize has revealed large-scale exploitation of chert for stone tool production. Workshops dated during the Late Preclassic period signal the beginning of craft specialization in chert working that continued in the Late Classic and into the Early Postclassic periods. Secular items such as large oval bifaces, tranchet bit tools and prismatic blades, as well as nonsecular eccentrics and stemmed macroblade artifacts are distinctive of the Late Preclassic and Late Classic workshops. The distribution sphere of Preclassic and Classic period chert tools has been traced to several contemporaneous sites that lie beyond the chert-bearing zone to the north. Colha has been identified as the primary production and distribution center during the Late Preclassic period; although it remained a production center in the Late Classic period, the main center for distribution may have shifted to Altun Ha.

The Ceramics and Chronology of Cholula, Mexico

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey G. McCafferty
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
New World ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
Late Classic ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Culture History ◽  
Early Postclassic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Middle Formative

AbstractChronology is a fundamental prerequisite for problem-oriented, anthropologically relevant archaeology. It is also the shaky foundation that has hampered attempts to reconstruct the culture history of Cholula, Mexico. Cholula is among the oldest continuously occupied urban centers of the New World, yet it remains one of the most enigmatic. This paper evaluates previous cultural sequences for the site, and summarizes recent evidence to construct a chronology using absolute dates and ceramic assemblages from primary depositional contexts. This revised sequence features a clearer understanding of Middle Formative settlement and the definition of ritual and domestic contexts from the Classic period. In addition, there is now evidence for a gradual transition between Late Classic and Early Postclassic material culture; and for the evolution of the Postclassic polychrome tradition within a sequence of short, clearly defined phases.

scholarly journals City in Dragon Circle: Study of the History of Pagoda and Its Deployment in Manado, 1819 - 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Ivan Robert Bernadus Kaunang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Initial Settlement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
The Impact

This study discusses the history of the pagoda formation and its distribution along with the presence of Chinese existence in Manado. This study also discusses the factors and the impact of the pagoda in Manado. The first pagoda in Manado was beginning to exist in 1819, and in a fairly long period until 2018, the development and distribution were very slow despite the presence of Chinese in this area since the 17th century. This study was carried out using historical methods and analysis. The data obtained were processed using a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the study show that the presence of the pagoda together with the initial settlement of Chinese people brought by the Dutch VOC was aimed to build the fort of Fort Amsterdam. Although it impressed by the slow erection and distribution of pagodas in Manado, the causal factors and the impact are interesting in relation to interfaith, interethnic relations, urban expansion, religious space contestation, opening wider economic access and become tourism destinations.

Primary Mammary-Analogue Secretory Carcinoma of the Lung: A Rare Entity With an Unusual Location

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 775-781
Author(s):  
Josean Ramos ◽  
Waqas Mahmud ◽  
Fernando Alekos Ocampo ◽  
Gillian Alex ◽  
Paolo Gattuso
Keyword(s):  
S100 Protein ◽  
Lung Nodule ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Secretory Carcinoma ◽  
Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma ◽  
Unusual Location ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Architectural Patterns ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
History Of

This is a case of a 55-year-old female with past medical history of tobacco smoking, hypertension, and lupus who presented with a left lung nodule, found on computed tomographic scan of the chest during workup for a recently diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma in a cervical lymph node. Resection of the lung nodule showed a 2.3-cm well-defined pale-tan mass, and histologic examination showed a well-circumscribed lesion with papillary, solid, and gland-like architectural patterns, with eosinophilic secretions, areas of comedonecrosis, and increased mitotic activity. Immunohistochemical stains showed the lesion to be positive for cytokeratin 7, S100 protein, and focally positive for mammaglobin. Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies confirmed rearrangement of the ETV6 gene at 12p13.2. To date, our case is the second reported case of a primary mammary-analogue secretory carcinoma arising in the lung, and the first to show evidence of tumor necrosis: an unusual feature in an unusual location.

scholarly journals The phylogeny and evolution of the flashiest of the armored harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligia R Benavides ◽  
Ricardo Pinto-da-Rocha ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
Divergence Time ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Diversity Gradients ◽  
Thermal Maximum ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Phylogeny And Evolution

Abstract Gonyleptoidea, largely restricted to the Neotropics, constitutes the most diverse superfamily of Opiliones and includes the largest and flashiest representatives of this arachnid order. However, the relationships among its main lineages (families and superfamilies) and the timing of their origin are not sufficiently understood to explain how this tropical clade has been able to colonize the temperate zone. Here we used transcriptomics and divergence time dating to investigate the phylogeny of Gonyleptoidea. Our results support the monophyly of Gonyleptoidea and all of its families with more than one species represented. Resolution within Gonyleptidae s.s. is achieved for many clades, but some subfamilies are not monophyletic (Gonyleptinae, Mitobatinae, and Pachylinae), requiring taxonomic revision. Our data show evidence for one colonization of today’s temperate zone early in the history of Gonyleptidae, during the Paleogene, at a time when the Neotropical area extended poleward into regions now considered temperate. This provides a possible mechanism for the colonization of the extratropics by a tropical group following the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, explaining how latitudinal diversity gradients (LDGs) can be established. Taxonomic acts: Ampycidae Kury 2003 is newly ranked as family; Neosadocus Mello-Leitão is transferred to Progonyleptoidellinae (new subfamilial assignment).

scholarly journals COLLABORATORS, COLLABORATION, AND THE PROBLEMS OF EMPIRE IN NAPOLEONIC ITALY, THE OPPIZZONI AFFAIR, 1805–1807

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMBROGIO A. CAIANI
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Local History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Fine Line ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In ◽  
Going Native

ABSTRACTThe recent bicentennial commemorations of the Napoleonic empire have witnessed a proliferation of new studies. Scholars now possess much more sophisticated conceptual tools than in past decades with which to gauge the problems faced by French imperial administrators throughout Europe. Well-trodden concepts, like centre/periphery or collaboration/resistance, have been reinvigorated by more sophisticated understandings of how rulers and ruled interacted in the early nineteenth century. This article argues that, while much progress has been made in understanding problems of ‘resistance’, there is more to be said about the other side of the same coin, namely: ‘collaboration’. Using the micro/local history of a scandal in Napoleonic Bologna, this article wishes to reaffirm that collaboration was an active agent that shaped, and often shook, the French imperial project. The biggest problem remained that, despite ‘good intentions’, collaborators sometimes simply did not collaborate with each other. After all, imperial clients were determined to benefit from the experience of empire. The centre was often submerged by local petty squabbles. This article will use a specific micro-history in Bologna to highlight the extent to which Napoleonic empire builders had to thread a fine line between the impracticalities of direct control and the dangers of ‘going native’.

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