scholarly journals Refugees, expellees and immigrants: comparing migrant reception policies and practices in post-war Bristol, Dortmund and Malmö

Urban History ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Brian Shaev ◽  
Sarah Hackett ◽  
Pål Brunnström ◽  
Robert Nilsson Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Post War ◽  
Policy Arenas ◽  
Policies And Practices

Abstract The vital role that cities play in the governance of migration is increasingly recognized, yet migration scholars still perceive this ‘local turn’ as a recent phenomenon. This article presents a cross-country and cross-city comparative analysis of three mid-size European cities during the post-war period: Bristol, Dortmund and Malmö. It analyses administrative cultures and local policy arenas, exposing the complexity of local migration policy-making and the crucial importance of historical perspectives. It reveals the inherent local variation in policies and practices, and argues that traditional national-level studies do not fully capture how urban actors responded to migration.

scholarly journals Enterprise Risk Management in Kosovo’s Banking Sector

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Arbana Sahiti ◽  
Arben Sahiti ◽  
Muhamet Aliu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Financial Industry ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Enterprise Risk ◽  
Banking Business ◽  
Post War

Abstract Today risk management plays a vital role in business. Each firm, whether big or small, makes an effort to manage risk more effectively. Risk management is very important in the financial system, especially in banks. Billions of Euros are spent each year on the financial reporting of banks. Banks should implement effective solutions in risk management to mitigate their risks. Great financial debate that originated in the 1990s is reportedly linked to errors that occurred in the banking sector due to poor risk management. It should be noted that today technology plays a key role in risk management and it has already had a positive effect on the financial industry. Analysis of risk and its management has become significant in the Kosovo economy since the post-war period. The nature of the banking business is threatened by risks because more financial products are becoming complicated. The main role of banks is intermediation between those who have resources and those seeking them. Banks face various risks at the corporate level, such as operational, liquidity, legal, credit, and market risks; thus, these risks should be converted into a composite measure. This research aims to determine practices and effects of risk management in the banking sector. Relevant data were collected from banks through questionnaires and telephone interviews; analysis has been conducted using statistical tools. This study will engage both the quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis. Dependent variables will be separated from independent variables, and regression analysis will be used to analyse the quantitative data.

scholarly journals Fiscal Resilience Building

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (94) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmané Ouedraogo ◽  
Rene Tapsoba ◽  
Moussé Sow ◽  
Ali Compaoré
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Revenue Diversification ◽  
Economic Diversification ◽  
Revenue Sources ◽  
The Us ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Revenue Volatility

Does the reliance on diversified tax structure enhance resilience to fiscal risks? This paper gives an answer to this question by proposing a new cross-country tax revenue diversification index (RDI). The RDI builds on the Theil index, and unlike the few existing tax diversification indices, which are constructed only at the state level for the US, is computed at the national level, covering a broad panel of 127 countries over the period 2000-15. We find suggestive evidence that tax revenue diversification reduces tax revenue volatility, thus bringing to the data long-held views about the prominence of tax revenue diversification for fiscal resilience strengthening. While exploring the drivers of the RDI, we find that tax revenue diversification is not just a reflection of economic diversification, but also an outcome of macroeconomic, political and institutional factors. Interestingly, a non-monotone relationship is also at play between the RDI and economic development, with countries’ portfolio of tax sources getting more diversified as their economy develops, until a tipping point, where richer countries start finding it harder to diversify further their tax revenue sources.

scholarly journals Between the Regulatory State and the Networked Polity: Central-Local Government Relations in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Granberg ◽  
Mikael Granberg ◽  
Stig Montin
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Regulatory State ◽  
Central State ◽  
State Regulations ◽  
Government Relations ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Post War

Governance research has become strikingly multifaceted in terms of theory, methods and empirical focus. More attention has been given to the spatial and scalar dimensions, and research are becoming more context-sensitive and process-oriented. Drawing upon on results from several research projects and programmes conducted by the authors and some other researchers this article offers an analysis of the development of Swedish central-local government relations since the 1990s. Analysing the constitutional, financial and multi-scalar/multilevel changes of these relations since the end of the Millenium, the strong neoliberal imprint upon ideology and practices is highlighted, showing how de-regulation gradually intermingled with re-regulation, combining market-driven, public welfare provision with measurement, evaluation and control. The article also bring to the fore sustainability, climate change and immigration as local policy fields characterized by horizontal capacity-building involving municipalities, private companies and civil society. Gradually municipal and regional government came under pressure by contextual challenges such as an elderly population, increasing number of school children and integration of immigrants. Related to this central state regulations and obligations multiplied and complicated local policy-making. As a broader discursive framework of the study the analysis is related to Antonino Palumbo’s (2015) exploration of post-war policy development in Europe in the light of two contesting, but complementary, ‘research programmes’, the Regulatory State and the Networked Polity. Finally, the article bring attention to the huge pandemic challenge facing humanity and governance at all levels beginning in spring 2020. What role municipalities will find in this critical juncture remains to be seen.

scholarly journals Responding to Norm Indeterminacy outside the Nation-State Frame

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 611-630
Author(s):  
Jonathan White
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
European Politics ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Level ◽  
Ways Of Coping ◽  
Post War ◽  
Political Form

AbstractI examine responses to norm indeterminacy in the transnational context, focusing on regional integration in post-War Europe. I argue that the development of the European Union has been facilitated by the use of a legitimizing device whereby policy decisions at a European level are cast as beyond the scope of reasonable political disagreement and therefore distinct from the conditions which make democracy a desirable political form at the national level. This rejection of the political significance of norm indeterminacy has led to a widely diagnosed trend of “depoliticization” in European politics. The paper examines how best to understand this trend, and explores how an adapted account of “enlightened localism” might offer better ways of coping with indeterminate norms.

Credit as a Tool of Statecraft

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Central Government ◽  
National Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Building ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Credit Allocation ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Farm Credit ◽  
Policy Arenas

This chapter shows how Progressives returned to the issue of farm credit distribution in the early 1900s and drew on European precedents to reframe credit allocation as a way for the central government to help people help themselves. American Progressives thus replaced their earlier, more radical farm credit politics with a more moderate vision of government-supported credit as an inexpensive way of supporting self-help. The chapter then considers the Federal Farm Loan Act (FFLA). Compared with other hallmarks of Progressive Era state building, the FFLA seems relatively unimportant. Nevertheless, it was a turning point in the use of selective credit as a tool of federal statecraft in the United States. The FFLA provided federal credit on a national level that was administered through public–private partnerships and bolstered by tax expenditures. By tracing the lead-up to this policy, one can see how Progressives forged a new array of cultural and organizational approaches to federal credit that would later proliferate across policy arenas.

The Challenges and Prospects of Globalized Science Curriculum

2019 ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
Ayodeji Temitope Ojo
Keyword(s):  
Science Curriculum ◽  
National Level ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
National Policies ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Policies And Practices

The processes of globalization are leading to widespread changes that are impacting on education worldwide. It has affected education profoundly and in a range of ways. However, for such hyperglobalists, there will be an increasing convergence of educational policies and practices worldwide. Global policies are mediated at the national level through differing cultural and historical traditions and thus produce different national policies in response to the same global pressures. Moreover, the implementation of such national policies in schools has the further potential for mediation according to different cultural traditions both between different countries and within a single country. Hence, the need to discuss the challenges and prospects of globalized science curriculum in Nigeria.

Gender democracy and women’s self-empowerment: a case of Somali diaspora civil society

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Tavanti ◽  
Cawo Abdi ◽  
Blaire MacHarg
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Capacity Development ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Transitional Societies ◽  
Somali Diaspora ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post War

The Somali diaspora plays a vital role in bridging the gap between international non- governmental aid organisations and local Somali civil society. Women’s empowerment initiatives face many challenges in transitional societies such as Somalia. Yet, concerted efforts and multi-faceted investments in this endeavour have the potential to improve the status of women in post-war contexts. This chapter explores the role that Somali diaspora civil society organisations (SD-CSOs) engaged in gender democracy and women’s self-empowerment efforts play in the promotion of gender equality. Through an analysis of capacity development at the meso-level, the study outlines how SD-CSOs are best equipped to support women’s empowerment processes in Somalia through the application of strategies that are both culturally acceptable and internationally recognised.

Public Bioethics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James F. Childress
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
National Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Health Ethics ◽  
Task Forces ◽  
Health Ethics ◽  
Bioethical Issues ◽  
Policies And Practices

Doing public bioethics involves analyzing and assessing actual and proposed public policies regarding biomedicine, healthcare, and public health. “Public bioethics” also refers to commissions, councils, task forces, and the like, that are governmentally established, sponsored, or funded for the purpose of deliberating collectively about bioethical issues, again with a primary goal of recommending public policies. Most chapters in this book grow out of, some reflect on, and all are profoundly shaped by the author’s experiences as a participant in several public bioethics bodies, especially at the national level in the United States. The processes of publicly deliberating in such bodies about bioethical issues and appropriate policies and of publicly justifying collective recommendations have profoundly shaped this book. After examining respect for autonomy—both thin and thick conceptions—and paternalistic policies and practices, as well as the tensions between particular case judgments and general principles and rules, this book next examines the appropriate role of religious convictions in public bioethics and in public policy and in conscientious claims to exemptions from expectations to provide certain health-related services. The third section of the book focuses on public policies and practices in organ transplantation, particularly difficulties in determining death, in obtaining first-person consent for deceased organ donation, and in fairly allocating donated organs. The final section maps the terrain of public health ethics, argues for a presumptivist approach to justifying public health interventions that infringe civil liberties, proposes a framework of triage for public health crises, and recasts John Stuart Mill’s misunderstood legacy for public health ethics.

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