S100A7 in the Fallopian tube: a comparative study

Zygote ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M Teijeiro ◽  
Patricia E. Marini
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Reproductive Tissues ◽  
Normal Cervical Epithelium ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
Sterile Site ◽  
Porcine Organs ◽  
Human Primate

SummaryThe oviduct is a dynamic organ in which final gamete maturation, fertilization and early embryo development take place. It is considered to be a sterile site; however the mechanism for sterility maintenance is still unknown. S100A7 is an anti-microbial peptide that has been reported in human reproductive tissues such as prostate, testicle, ovary, normal cervical epithelium and sperm. The current work reports the presence of S100A7 in the Fallopian tube and its localization at the apical surface of epithelial cells. For comparison, porcine S100A7 was used for antibody development and search for peptide in reproductive tissues. Although present in boar seminal vesicles and seminal plasma, S100A7 was not detected on female porcine organs. Also, in contrast with the human protein, porcine S100A7 did not show anti-microbial activity under the conditions tested. Phylogenetic analyses showed high divergence of porcine S100A7 from human, primate, bovine, ovine and equine sequences, being the murine sequence at a most distant branch. The differences in sequence homology, Escherichia coli-cidal activity, detectable presence and localization of S100A7 from human and pig, suggest that there are possible different functions in each organism.

Identification of vitamin D (VDR) and retinoic X (RXR) receptor in normal and neoplastic human reproductive tissues

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Cariati ◽  
Vincenzo Gigantino ◽  
Giorgio Coppola ◽  
Claudia Pivonello ◽  
Mariano Galdiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Reproductive Tissues ◽  
Human Reproductive

Differential localization of villin and fimbrin during development of the mouse visceral endoderm and intestinal epithelium

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Ezzell ◽  
M.M. Chafel ◽  
P.T. Matsudaira
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Visceral Endoderm ◽  
Apical Cytoplasm ◽  
Gut Epithelium ◽  
Microfilament Bundles

The apical surface of transporting epithelia is specially modified to absorb nutrients efficiently by amplifying its surface area as microvilli. Each microvillus is supported by an underlying core of bundled actin filaments. Villin and fimbrin are two actin-binding proteins that bundle actin filaments in the intestine and kidney brush border epithelium. To better understand their function in the assembly of the cytoskeleton during epithelial differentiation, we examined the pattern of villin and fimbrin expression in the developing mouse using immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy. Villin is first detected at day 5 in the primitive endoderm of the postimplantation embryo and is later restricted to the visceral endoderm. By day 8.5, villin becomes redistributed to the apical surface in the visceral endoderm, appearing in the gut at day 10 and concentrating in the apical cytoplasm of the differentiating intestinal epithelium 2–3 days later. In contrast, fimbrin is found in the oocyte and in all tissues of the early embryo. In both the visceral endoderm and gut epithelium, fimbrin concentrates at the apical surface 2–3 days after villin; this redistribution occurs when the visceral endoderm microvilli first contain organized microfilament bundles and when microvilli first begin to appear in the gut. These results suggest a common mechanism of assembly of the absorptive surface of two different tissues in the embryo and identify villin as a useful marker for the visceral endoderm.

scholarly journals The Expression of miRNAs in Human Ovaries, Oocytes, Extracellular Vesicles, and Early Embryos: A Systematic Review

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Salas-Huetos ◽  
Emma R. James ◽  
Kenneth I. Aston ◽  
Timothy G. Jenkins ◽  
Douglas T. Carrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Human Reproduction ◽  
Reproductive Tissues ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Human Reproductive

The recent discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) in human reproductive tissues and cells indicates a possible functional role in reproductive function. However, the studies published to date in female reproductive tissues/cells and embryos are inconclusive and sometimes controversial. In order to update the knowledge of this field, the present study aimed to discuss, through a systematic review, the role of miRNAs in female human reproduction and early embryogenesis. We conducted a systematic review of the published literature in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through June 2018 (plus a complementary search until July 2019), in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. We have included descriptive and observational studies, in which fertile/infertile women were well-defined. The primary outcome was the miRNA expression in ovaries, oocytes, extracellular vesicles, and embryos. We identified 25,204 articles, of which 28 were selected for qualitative analysis: 18 in ovaries and extracellular vesicles, three in oocytes, and seven in embryos. The present systematic review of descriptive and observational studies demonstrates that aberrant miRNA expression in female reproductive tissues/cells and embryos is related with infertility and embryogenesis errors. The expression of specific miRNAs, particularly in extracellular vesicles, may be used in the future as biomarkers of infertility and prognostic tools of embryo development.

Placenta Expressing the Greatest Quantity of Bisphenol A Receptor ERR  among the Human Reproductive Tissues: Predominant Expression of Type-1 ERR  Isoform

2009 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Takeda ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
M. Sumiyoshi ◽  
A. Matsushima ◽  
M. Shimohigashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Reproductive Tissues ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
Predominant Expression

118. THE PRORENIN RECEPTOR/PLZF PATHWAY IN HUMAN AMNION

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
K. G. Pringle ◽  
A. L. Conquest ◽  
C. M. Mitchell ◽  
T. Zakar ◽  
E. R. Lumbers
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Human Amnion ◽  
Reproductive Tissues ◽  
Prorenin Receptor ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
Neonatal Physiology

Prorenin, despite being inactive, is the major form of renin found in amniotic fluid and reproductive tissues. Prorenin becomes active if it binds to the novel prorenin receptor (ATP6AP2). The prorenin-ATP6AP2 complex has been found to stimulate translocation of Promyelocytic Zinc Finger (PLZF) protein to the nucleus where it increases expression of the p85α subunit of PI3 kinase (PI3K-p85α) and represses the expression of ATP6AP21. Progesterone and glucocorticoids have also been shown to stimulate PLZF2, 3. We aimed to find out if PLZF and the prorenin-ATP6AP2 pathway interact in human reproductive tissues. Human amnion was cultured for 24 h in media containing vehicle, dexamethasone, amniotic fluid or recombinant human (rh) prorenin. Total RNA was extracted using TRIZol® and converted to cDNA for quantitative real-time PCR using SuperScript III and random hexamers. mRNA abundances for PLZF, PI3K-p85α and ATP6AP2 were calculated relative to Alien RNA using the ΔΔCT method. Our preliminary data show that exposure of amnion explants to dexamethasone upregulates PLZF and PI3K-p85α mRNA but has no effect on ATP6AP2. Culture of amnion explants with amniotic fluid also increases PLZF but does not change PI3K or ATP6AP2. In contrast, culture of amnion explants with (rh) prorenin increases PI3K mRNA but not PLZF or ATP6AP2. As expected, dexamethasone affects PLZF expression, however in amnion there is no interaction with the ATP6AP2 pathway. In addition, we believe we have identified a novel prorenin/ATP6AP2 signalling pathway which acts on PI3K-p85α independent of PLZF. In contrast to these data, amniotic fluid increases PLZF but not PI3K-p85α mRNA levels suggesting that amniotic fluid contains other factors that oppose prorenin and glucocorticoid effects on PI3K-p85α. (1) Schefe, J.H., et al. Circ Res, 2006. 99(12): 1355–1366.(2) Fahnenstich, J., et al. Mol. Hum. Reprod., 2003. 9(10): 611–623.(3) Conquest, A. et al. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology Workshop, 2010. Wellington, New Zealand.

scholarly journals Lysophosphatidic Acid (LPA) Signaling in Human and Ruminant Reproductive Tract

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Wocławek-Potocka ◽  
Paulina Rawińska ◽  
Ilona Kowalczyk-Zieba ◽  
Dorota Boruszewska ◽  
Emilia Sinderewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lysophosphatidic Acid ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Cellular Effects ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Tract Function ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
Cycle Regulation

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) through activating its G protein-coupled receptors (LPAR 1–6) exerts diverse cellular effects that in turn influence several physiological processes including reproductive function of the female. Studies in various species of animals and also in humans have identified important roles for the receptor-mediated LPA signaling in multiple aspects of human and animal reproductive tract function. These aspects range from ovarian and uterine function, estrous cycle regulation, early embryo development, embryo implantation, decidualization to pregnancy maintenance and parturition. LPA signaling can also have pathological consequences, influencing aspects of endometriosis and reproductive tissue associated tumors. The review describes recent progress in LPA signaling research relevant to human and ruminant reproduction, pointing at the cow as a relevant model to study LPA influence on the human reproductive performance.

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