Motives for utilizing the Blacksided Trønder and Nordland: A native cattle breed in Norway

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sæther ◽  
O. Vangen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
National Average ◽  
Small Populations ◽  
Objective Information ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Extensive Farming

SummaryA survey was conducted in order to investigate what motives farmers have to utilize one of the old, native cattle breeds in Norway, Blacksided Trønder and Nordland Cattle (STN). The questionnaire, which was sent to 1 772 farmers who inseminated with the STN breed from 1987 to 1997, revealed clear opinions on the differences between this breed and the predominant breed of the country, the Norwegian Cattle (NRF).The farms in the survey were characterized by having herd sizes above the national average, as well as having owners interested in extensive farming and to a certain extent aware of the special breeding challenges of small populations. The results showed that the STN breed was regarded as being significantly different for traits that may be considered as important in extensive production systems. The more idealistic motives linked to the genetic resources aspect showed a high priority.The survey also revealed an obvious need for more research and objective information about this old native breed.

NATIVE CATTLE AND HORSE BREEDS IN ESTONIA

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Teinberg ◽  
K. Kalamees ◽  
A. Kallaste
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Actual Situation ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Management Techniques

SUMMARYThe authors describe the history, evolution and actual situation of Estonia's two only remaining autochthonous breeds of farm animal namely the Estonian Native Cattle (577 cows in milk production in 1992) and the Estonian Native Horse (271 purebred horses). This is actually mainly found in the island of Saaremaa, where a nucleus of 211 purebred horses exists. The interest in the Estonian Native Cattle breed is growing since the creation in 1989 of an active Breeders' Association and many farmers applying less intensive production systems and farm management techniques prefer now this breed to the more productive Black and White and Estonian Red cattle. The situation of the Estonian Native Horse is much more fragile, as a clear breeding and conservation programme is needed to save this unique genetic material.

CATTLE BREED EVALUATION STUDIES BY THE INTERNATIONAL LIVESTOCK CENTRE FOR AFRICA (ILCA)

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C.M. Trail
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
West And Central Africa

SUMMARYThis note describes work being carried out by ILCA on evaluation of the productivity of N'Dama, Sahiwal and Boran cattle breeds. Indications of the potential of the N'Dama to increase output from areas of trypanosomiasis risk has led to studies throughout West and Central Africa concerned with aspects of trypanotolerant livestock. Studies on the Sahiwal and many different crosses between Sahiwal and Ayrshires under a range of production systems have allowed suggestions to be made on achieving and maintaining optimal contributions from the Sahiwal breed. Similar ongoing studies on the Boran breed are described.

scholarly journals Demographic history, adaptation, and NRAP convergent evolution at amino acid residue 100 in the world northernmost cattle from Siberia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Buggiotti ◽  
Andrey A Yurchenko ◽  
Nikolay S Yudin ◽  
Christy J Vander Jagt ◽  
Nadezhda V Vorobieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Residue ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
The World ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Harsh Climate ◽  
Harsh Conditions

Abstract Native cattle breeds represent an important cultural heritage. They are a reservoir of genetic variation useful for properly responding to agriculture needs in light of ongoing climate changes. Evolutionary processes that occur in response to extreme environmental conditions could also be better understood using adapted local populations. Herein, different evolutionary histories of the world northernmost native cattle breeds from Russia were investigated. They highlighted Kholmogory as a typical taurine cattle, while Yakut cattle separated from European taurines ∼5,000 years ago and contain numerous ancestral and some novel genetic variants allowing their adaptation to harsh conditions of living above the Polar Circle. Scans for selection signatures pointed to several common gene pathways related to adaptation to harsh climates in both breeds. But genes affected by selection from these pathways were mostly different. A Yakut cattle breed-specific missense mutation in a highly conserved NRAP gene, represents a unique example of a young amino acid residue convergent change shared with at least 16 species of hibernating/cold-adapted mammals from six distinct phylogenetic orders. This suggests a convergent evolution event along the mammalian phylogenetic tree and fast fixation in a single isolated cattle population exposed to a harsh climate.

scholarly journals Demographic history, cold adaptation, and recent NRAP recurrent convergent evolution at amino acid residue 100 in the world northernmost cattle from Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Buggiotti ◽  
Andrey A. Yurchenko ◽  
Nikolay S. Yudin ◽  
Christy J. Vander Jagt ◽  
Hans D. Daetwyler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Residue ◽  
Convergent Evolution ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
The World ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Harsh Climate ◽  
Harsh Conditions

AbstractNative cattle breeds represent an important cultural heritage. They are a reservoir of genetic variation useful for properly responding to agriculture needs in light of ongoing climate changes. Evolutionary processes that occur in response to extreme environmental conditions could also be better understood using adapted local populations. Herein, different evolutionary histories for two of the world northernmost native cattle breeds from Russia were investigated. They highlighted Kholmogory as a typical taurine cattle, while Yakut cattle separated from European taurines ~5,000 years ago and contain numerous ancestral and some novel genetic variants allowing their adaptation to harsh conditions of living above the Polar Circle. Scans for selection signatures pointed to several common gene pathways related to adaptation to harsh climates in both breeds. But genes affected by selection from these pathways were mostly different. A Yakut cattle breed-specific missense mutation, H100Q, in a highly conserved NRAP gene, represents a unique example of a young amino acid residue convergent change shared with at least 16 species of hibernating/cold-adapted mammals from nine distinct phylogenetic orders. This suggests a convergent evolution event along the mammalian phylogenetic tree and fast fixation in a single isolated cattle population exposed to a harsh climate.

scholarly journals Origin, history and utilization possibilities of Carpathian Braunvieh at Hungary

2014 ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Janka Békefi ◽  
András Gáspárdy ◽  
Béla Béri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Carpathian Basin ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Cross Breeding ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Indigenous Breed ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Mixed Populations

The Carpathian Braunvieh was established by the cross-breeding of Braunvieh and the small dun mountain breeds of the Carpathian basin. It has been breeding in Hungary about 100 years before and still living in Transcarpathia and Transylvania, but only in very mixed populations. Since it was a characteristic native cattle breed of the country, it should be retain for future generations and re-establish in Hungary. Our primary aim is to preserve the breed’s genetic resources and - if appropriate - to acclaim it as an indigenous breed. If there are no longer residuals of the old type Carpathian Braunvieh, it is still worth to preserve as a local variety, because of its many favourable features. Above all, it’s our duty to maintain the breed, because neither Transcarpathia nor Transylvania has a breeding programme for it.

scholarly journals PSXII-21 Genome-wide search for genomic regions under putative selection in two Russian native cattle breeds using high-density SNP Bead Chip

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 242-243
Author(s):  
Arsen V Dotsev ◽  
Natalia A Zinovieva ◽  
Tatiana Evgenievna Deniskova ◽  
Alexandra Abdelmanova ◽  
Johann Sölkner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
High Density ◽  
Dna Arrays ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Genome Wide Search ◽  
Native Cattle ◽  
Signatures Of Selection ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Genomic Regions

Abstract National livestock genetic resources are the valuable source of genetic variability, which are necessary to ensure the sustainability of the local animal production systems. The aim of our work was to characterize the genomic architecture and to detect signatures of selection in two oldest Russian native cattle breeds, using high-density DNA arrays. Fifty-six animals of Yaroslavl (n = 31) and Kholmogor (n = 25) were selected for the study. The Illumina Bovine HD BeadChip (777,962 SNPs) was used for genotyping. High-density SNP genotypes for Holsteins (n = 25) were used as the reference. Three methods (Fst, hapFLK, and ROH) were implemented to detect the genomic regions to be under putative selection. The results of the PCA-plot, Neighbor-Net analysis and Admixture clustering showed clear genetic differences between Yaroslavl and Kholmogor breeds as well as between them and Holsteins. Comparison of the results produced by different methods showed presence of twelve regions in genome of Yaroslavl breed and nine regions in genome of Kholmogor breeds, which were identified at least by two methods. We have confirmed nine regions under putative selection in genome of Yaroslavl cattle and six regions in genome of Kholmogor cattle, which were described previously based on medium-density SNP genotypes, herewith the flanking positions of the most of these regions were expanded. Additionally, we detected three new putative genomic regions affected by selection in each studied breed, which were localized on chromosomes 4, 15 and 17 in Yaroslavl breed and on chromosomes 12, 15 and 18 in Kholmogor breed. The functional annotation of genes localized within identified regions was carried out. Our research results can be useful for genetic improvement of the studied cattle breeds and for developing the programs for their conservation. The study was supported by RSF within project No. 19-76-20012.

REALIZATION OF PARENTAL INDICES OF COW PRODUCTIVITY IN DIFFERENT MILKING BREEDS AT BREEDING FARM "AGROFIRMA "PAKHMA"

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Holstein Cattle ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Production Indices ◽  
High Level ◽  
Beta Lactoglobulin ◽  
Percentage Protein

Combination of genotypes of main types’ genetic markers causes milk productivity in cattle. The article studies correlation between kappa casein genotypes (C3N3), beta-lactoglobulin (LGB), their complexes and milk production indices in cows bred under equal conditions at a breeding farm. The calculation of parental milk yield and fat indices between the three breeds showed a significant difference (P>0,999) of PCI of Ayrshire and Holstein cattle breed milk yield - 3395 kg, PCI of fat - 0,22%; between Holstein and Yaroslavl cattle breeds - 3200 kg, PCI offat - 0,16%. A significant difference of realization indices of protein between all three breeds was not stated. The highest realization ofparental milk yield index was stated - between Ayrshire and Yaroslavl cattle breeds- 113%, Holstein cattle breed - 88%. As for the fat and protein indices, all three cattle breeds showed a high realization of PCI from 98% to 109%. However, Holstein cattle breed showed the highest percentage: protein - 101%, fat - 109%. A significant difference of PCI realization of milk productivity in CSN3 and LGB genotypes was not stated. It was also stated that there is a tendency of high level parental indices realization when there is a higher number of B-allele variants in genotypes of cows.

Conservation of animal genetic resources: approaches and technologies for in situ and ex situ conservation

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 71-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Woolliams ◽  
O. Matika ◽  
J. Pattison
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
The Face ◽  
Livestock Products

SummaryLivestock production faces major challenges through the coincidence of major drivers of change, some with conflicting directions. These are:1. An unprecedented global change in demands for traditional livestock products such as meat, milk and eggs.2. Large changes in the demographic and regional distribution of these demands.3. The need to reduce poverty in rural communities by providing sustainable livelihoods.4. The possible emergence of new agricultural outputs such as bio-fuels making a significant impact upon traditional production systems.5. A growing awareness of the need to reduce the environmental impact of livestock production.6. The uncertainty in the scale and impact of climate change. This paper explores these challenges from a scientific perspective in the face of the large-scale and selective erosion of our animal genetic resources, and concludes thai there is a stronger and more urgent need than ever before to secure the livestock genetic resources available to humankind through a comprehensive global conservation programme.

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