Premorbid personality traits are associated with post-stroke behavioral and psychological symptoms: a three-month follow-up study in Perth, Western Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn R. Greenop ◽  
Osvaldo P. Almeida ◽  
Graeme J. Hankey ◽  
Frank van Bockxmeer ◽  
Nicola T. Lautenschlager
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Close Family Member ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

ABSTRACTBackground: Previous research has found an association between post-stroke depressive symptoms and premorbid personality. This study sought to investigate further the relationship between premorbid personality and a number of common post-stroke behavioral and psychological symptoms in a three-month follow-up study.Methods: This prospective study was conducted between May 2003 and January 2005 in a Perth metropolitan teaching hospital. The pre-stroke personality of stroke survivors was assessed by interviewing a close family member (informant) within four weeks of the index stroke using the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised. Three months after the stroke, patients were followed up and assessed with the Cambridge Cognitive examination and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and their informants completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-carer distress version (NPI) and instrumental activities of daily living scale.Results: Depressive symptoms were the most commonly reported post-stroke symptom (45.1%). Spearman's correlations showed that high neuroticism was positively correlated with NPI total scores (ρ = 0.37, p = 0.007), NPI total distress scores (ρ = 0.47, p = 0.001), and specifically with agitation and irritability NPI composite scores. Agreeableness was inversely correlated with agitation (ρ = −0.40, p = 0.004) and irritability (ρ = −0.37, p = 0.007) composite scores.Conclusions: Premorbid personality traits of high neuroticism and low agreeableness are associated with the presence of post-stroke agitation, irritability, and carer distress. This knowledge may contribute to the development of strategies designed to identify patients and families who require more intense supervision and support during post-stroke rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Stability and Change of the Personality Traits Languidity and Flexibility in a Sample of Nurses: A 7–8 Years Follow-Up Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ståle Pallesen ◽  
Eirunn Thun ◽  
Siri Waage ◽  
Øystein Vedaa ◽  
Anette Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Night Work ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
Circadian Type

The traits languidity (tendency to become tired/sleepy upon losing sleep) and flexibility (ability to sleep and work at odd times) have been implicated in shift work tolerance. However, there is a dearth of knowledge about their temporal stability. The aim of the present study was to explore these traits during a long follow-up (FU) period and identify factors related to potential changes in trait scores over time. In all, 1,652 nurses completed the Circadian Type Inventory-revised (CTI-r), which measures languidity and flexibility, at both 2008/2009 (baseline, BL) and again in 2016 (FU). The latent scores of these two constructs at BL, in addition to age, sex, childcare responsibility, marital status, night work status, and insomnia status, were regressed on the corresponding latent scores at follow-up using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Stability was found for both languidity (rho = 0.59) and flexibility (rho = 0.58). Both composite scores declined significantly from baseline (20.62 and 12.48) to follow-up (19.96 and 11.77). Languidity at baseline was positively associated with languidity at follow-up (β = 0.89, p < 0.009). Undertaking childcare responsibility between baseline and follow-up was inversely related to languidity at follow-up (β = −0.09, p < 0.05). Starting night work was positively related to languidity at follow-up (β = 0.06, p < 0.05). Developing insomnia between baseline and follow-up (β = 0.15, p < 0.05) was positively, whereas remitting from insomnia during the same period was negatively (β = −0.11, p < 0.01) associated with languidity at follow-up. Flexibility at baseline was positively associated with flexibility at follow-up (β = 0.64, p < 0.05). Having childcare responsibility at baseline, but not at follow-up was inversely related to flexibility at follow-up (β = −0.05 p < 0.05). Becoming cohabitant with a partner between baseline and follow-up (β = −0.07, p < 0.05) was negatively associated with flexibility at follow-up. Starting night work between baseline and follow-up (β = 0.17, p < 0.01) and reporting night work at both baseline and follow-up (β = 0.18, p < 0.01) were both positively associated with flexibility at follow-up, whereas stopping working nights was negatively (β = −0.09, p < 0.05), associated with flexibility at follow-up. The personality traits languidity and flexibility show fairly high stability, albeit the mean scores were significantly reduced during the 7–8 years follow-up period. The results suggest that these personality traits are partly modifiable.

A 1-Year Follow-Up Study of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia Among People in Care Environments

2001 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 631-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive G. Ballard ◽  
Marisa Margallo-Lana ◽  
Jane Fossey ◽  
Katharina Reichelt ◽  
Pat Myint ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Cathartic Effect of Suicide Attempts Not Limited to Depression

Crisis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Sarfati ◽  
Blandine Bouchaud ◽  
Marie-Christine Hardy-Baylé
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
World Health ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Short Term

Summary: The cathartic effect of suicide is traditionally defined as the existence of a rapid, significant, and spontaneous decrease in the depressive symptoms of suicide attempters after the act. This study was designed to investigate short-term variations, following a suicide attempt by self-poisoning, of a number of other variables identified as suicidal risk factors: hopelessness, impulsivity, personality traits, and quality of life. Patients hospitalized less than 24 hours after a deliberate (moderate) overdose were presented with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression and Impulsivity Rating Scales, Hopelessness scale, MMPI and World Health Organization's Quality of Life questionnaire (abbreviated versions). They were also asked to complete the same scales and questionnaires 8 days after discharge. The study involved 39 patients, the average interval between initial and follow-up assessment being 13.5 days. All the scores improved significantly, with the exception of quality of life and three out of the eight personality traits. This finding emphasizes the fact that improvement is not limited to depressive symptoms and enables us to identify the relative importance of each studied variable as a risk factor for attempted suicide. The limitations of the study are discussed as well as in particular the nongeneralizability of the sample and setting.

scholarly journals The impact of lockdown during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 825-833
Author(s):  
Arianna Manini ◽  
Michela Brambilla ◽  
Laura Maggiore ◽  
Simone Pomati ◽  
Leonardo Pantoni
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Caregiver Distress ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Inventory ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Behavioral And Psychological Symptoms

Abstract Background During Covid-19 pandemic, the Italian government adopted restrictive limitations and declared a national lockdown on March 9, which lasted until May 4 and produced dramatic consequences on people’s lives. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of prolonged lockdown on behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Methods Between April 30 and June 8, 2020, we interviewed with a telephone-based questionnaire the caregivers of the community-dwelling patients with dementia who had their follow-up visit scheduled from March 9 to May 15 and canceled due to lockdown. Among the information collected, patients’ BPSDs were assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Non-parametric tests to compare differences between NPI scores over time and logistic regression models to explore the impact of different factors on BPSD worsening were performed. Results A total of 109 visits were canceled and 94/109 caregivers completed the interview. Apathy, irritability, agitation and aggression, and depression were the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms experienced by patients both at baseline and during Covid-19 pandemic. Changes in total NPI and caregiver distress scores between baseline and during lockdown, although statistically significant, were overall modest. The logistic regression model failed to determine predictors of BPSD worsening during lockdown. Conclusion This is one of the first studies to investigate the presence of BPSD during SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and related nationwide lockdown, showing only slight, likely not clinically relevant, differences in BPSD burden, concerning mostly agitation and aggression, anxiety, apathy and indifference, and irritability.

scholarly journals A Six-month Follow-up Study of Maternal Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms among Japanese

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Sato ◽  
Tadaaki Kato ◽  
Naoko Kakee
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Follow Up Study
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