Prevalence, neurobiology, and treatments for apathy in prodromal dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsea Sherman ◽  
Celina S. Liu ◽  
Nathan Herrmann ◽  
Krista L. Lanctôt
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptom ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Prodromal Dementia ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Search

ABSTRACTBackground:Apathy, characterized by diminished motivation, is a highly prevalent neuropsychiatric symptom in dementia. However, there is a substantial knowledge gap with regard to prevalence rates, neurobiological underpinnings, and effective treatments for apathy in pre-dementia states, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild behavioral impairment (MBI).Methods:We conducted a comprehensive literature search using MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO databases to identify available research on apathy in prodromal dementia.Results:Apathy has consistently been detected in individuals with MCI with varying prevalence rates, and only recently has literature discussed the prevalence of apathy in MBI. Few pharmacological treatments have been utilized for apathy, with galantamine and risperidone showing mild reductions in apathetic behaviors. Non-pharmacological interventions in prodromal dementia are beginning to be explored and show promise, but few studies have replicated those results.Discussion:More comprehensive guidelines for diagnosing apathy and further research investigating neurobiological mechanisms of apathy in MCI and MBI are required in order to effectively treat apathetic patients in prodromal dementia.

scholarly journals Outcomes tested in non-pharmacological interventions in mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. e035980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elyse Couch ◽  
Vanessa Lawrence ◽  
Melissa Co ◽  
Matthew Prina
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Wide Range

ObjectivesNon-pharmacological treatments are an important aspect of dementia care. A wide range of interventions have been trialled for mild dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the variety of outcome measures used in these trials makes it difficult to make meaningful comparisons. The objective of this study is to map trends in which outcome measures are used in trials of non-pharmacological treatments in MCI and mild dementia.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesEMBASE, PsychINFO, Medline and the Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception until February 2018. An additional search was conducted in April 2019EligibilityWe included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing non-pharmacological interventions for people diagnosed with MCI or mild dementia. Studies were restricted to full RCTs; observational, feasibility and pilot studies were not included.Charting methodsAll outcome measures used by included studies were extracted and grouped thematically. Trends in the types of outcome measures used were explored by type of intervention, country and year of publication.Results91 studies were included in this review. We extracted 358 individual outcome measures, of which 78 (22%) were used more than once. Cognitive measures were the most frequently used, with the Mini-Mental State Examination being the most popular.ConclusionsOur findings highlight an inconsistency in the use of outcome measures. Cognition has been prioritised over other domains, despite previous research highlighting the importance of quality of life and caregiver measures. To ensure a robust evidence base, more research is needed to highlight which outcome measures should be used over others.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018102649.

scholarly journals Network analysis of impulse dyscontrol in mild cognitive impairment and subjective cognitive decline

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
T. Saari ◽  
E. E. Smith ◽  
Z. Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Conditional Dependence ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Central Symptom

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate conditional dependence relationships of impulse dyscontrol symptoms in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Design: A prospective, observational study. Participants: Two hundred and thirty-five patients with MCI (n = 159) or SCD (n = 76) from the Prospective Study for Persons with Memory Symptoms dataset. Measurements: Items of the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist impulse dyscontrol subscale. Results: Stubbornness/rigidity, agitation/aggressiveness, and argumentativeness were frequent and the most central symptoms in the network. Impulsivity, the fourth most central symptom in the network, served as the bridge between these common symptoms and less central and rare symptoms. Conclusions: Impulse dyscontrol in at-risk states for dementia is characterized by closely connected symptoms of irritability, agitation, and rigidity. Compulsions and difficulties in regulating rewarding behaviors are relatively isolated symptoms.

Abnormal Inhibition of Return in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Is it Specific to the Presence of Prodromal Dementia?

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony Bayer ◽  
Michelle Phillips ◽  
Gillian Porter ◽  
Ute Leonards ◽  
Aline Bompas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Inhibition Of Return ◽  
Prodromal Dementia

scholarly journals Mild cognitive impairment: prevalence and incidence according to different diagnostic criteria

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Busse ◽  
Jeannette Bischkopf ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller ◽  
Matthias C. Angermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Case Definitions ◽  
Increased Risk

BackgroundAlthough mild cognitive impairment is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia, there has been little work on its incidence and prevalence.AimsTo report age-specific prevalence, incidence and predictive validities for four diagnostic concepts of mild cognitive impairment.MethodA community sample of 1045 dementia-free individuals aged 75 years and over was examined by neuropsychological testing in a three-wave longitudinal study.ResultsPrevalence rates ranged from 3% to 20%, depending on the concept applied. The annual incidence rates applying different case definitions varied from 8 to 77 per 1000 person-years. Rates of conversion to dementia over 2.6 years ranged from 23% to 47%.ConclusionsMild cognitive impairment is frequent in older people. Prevalence, incidence and predictive validities are highly dependent on the diagnostic criteria applied.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Mexican Older Adults: Data from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Arce Rentería ◽  
Jennifer J. Manly ◽  
Jet M. J. Vonk ◽  
Silvia Mejia Arango ◽  
Alejandra Michaels Obregon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Mexican Population ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Amnestic Mci ◽  
Low Education ◽  
Health Factors ◽  
Aging Study

ABSTRACTINTRODUCTIONWe estimated the prevalence and risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its subtypes in Mexican population using the cognitive aging ancillary study of the Mexican Health and Aging Study.METHODSUsing a robust norms approach and comprehensive neuropsychological criteria, we determined MCI in a sample of adult Mexicans (N=1,807;55-97years). Additionally, we determined prevalence rates using traditional criteria.RESULTSPrevalence of amnestic MCI was 5.9%. Other MCI subtypes ranged 4.3% to 7.7%. MCI with and without memory impairment was associated with older age and rurality. Depression, diabetes and low educational attainment were associated with MCI without memory impairment. Using traditional criteria, prevalence of MCI was lower (2.2% amnestic MCI, other subtypes ranged 1.3%-2.4%).DISCUSSIONOlder age, depression, low education, diabetes, and rurality were associated with increased risk of MCI among older adults in Mexico. Our findings suggest that the causes of cognitive impairment are likely multifactorial and may vary by MCI subtype.Research in ContextSystematic reviewWe reviewed the literature using Google Scholar and PubMed. Few studies have reported prevalence rates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in Mexican population. These studies have primarily relied on limited cognitive assessments, and diverse MCI criteria. Evaluating the prevalence of MCI with a robust neuropsychological approach can help understand the rates and risk factors associated with MCI across a large and representative sample of the aging Mexican population.InterpretationVarious sociodemographic and health factors such as older age, depression, low education, diabetes, and rurality were significant correlates of MCI and differed by MCI subtype.Future directionsLongitudinal studies will be needed to evaluate the diagnostic stability of MCI over time, and its association with incident dementia. Future work will evaluate the casual path of these sociodemographic and health factors on cognitive impairment to develop effective interventions.

scholarly journals Neuropsychiatric symptoms in subjective cognitive complaints (SCC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI): Detecting changes over time with the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI‐C)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabela C. Mallo ◽  
Arturo X. Pereiro ◽  
Maria Campos‐Magdaleno ◽  
Ana Nieto‐Vieites ◽  
Cristina Lojo‐Seoane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Complaints ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Complaints

Prevalence Rates of Dementia and Mild Cognitive Impairment Are Affected by the Diagnostic Parameter Changes for Neurocognitive Disorders in the DSM-5 in a Korean Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Won Han ◽  
Yoonseop So ◽  
Tae Hui Kim ◽  
Dong Young Lee ◽  
Seung-Ho Ryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
The Impact

Aim: To examine the impact of the revised diagnostic criteria for neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) on the prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: A total of 755 participants aged 65 years or older in the Nationwide Survey on Dementia Epidemiology in Korea 2012 were rediagnosed according to the DSM-5 criteria. Results: The estimated age-, gender-, education-, and urbanicity-standardized prevalence rates of major and mild NCDs were 8.35 and 11.10%, respectively, and those of dementia and MCI were 8.74 and 31.85%, respectively. Cohen's κ for dementia and major NCD was 0.988, and that for MCI and mild NCD was 0.273. Conclusion: Diagnostic discrepancies between major/mild NCDs and dementia/MCI might depend on the operationalization of neuropsychological performance criteria.

Is the Clock Drawing Test a screening tool for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment? A systematic review

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Ehreke ◽  
Melanie Luppa ◽  
Hans-Helmut König ◽  
Steffi G. Riedel-Heller
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Clock Drawing Test ◽  
Clock Drawing ◽  
Drawing Test ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Mean Differences

ABSTRACTBackground:The clock drawing test (CDT) is a common and widely used cognitive screening instrument for the diagnosis of dementia. However, it has remained unclear whether it is a suitable method to identify mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this paper is to review systematically the studies concerning the utility of the CDT in diagnosing MCI.Method:A systematic literature search was conducted. All studies dealing with utility of CDT in diagnosing MCI regardless of the applied CDT scoring system and MCI concept were selected.Results:Nine relevant studies were identified. The majority of the studies compared average CDT scores of cognitively healthy and mildly impaired subjects, and four of them identified significant mean differences. If reported, sensitivity and specificity have been mostly unsatisfactory.Conclusion:CDT should not be used for MCI-screening.

scholarly journals The Two-Step Strategy Could Be Inadequate and Counteracting to Diagnose Prodromal Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Abbate ◽  
Pietro Davide Trimarchi ◽  
Silvia Inglese ◽  
Alessia Gallucci ◽  
Emanuele Tomasini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Prodromal Dementia

scholarly journals Risk of Conversion to Dementia in a Mild Behavioral Impairment Group Compared to a Psychiatric Group and to a Mild Cognitive Impairment Group

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando E. Taragano ◽  
Ricardo F. Allegri ◽  
Silvina L. Heisecke ◽  
María I. Martelli ◽  
Mónica L. Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment Group
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