scholarly journals The impact of comorbid depression–diabetes on proteomic outcomes among community-dwelling Mexican Americans with mild cognitive impairment

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Ann Johnson ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Stephanie Large ◽  
James Hall ◽  
Sidney E. O’Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:Mexican Americans suffer from a disproportionate burden of modifiable risk factors, which may contribute to the health disparities in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Objective:The purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of comorbid depression and diabetes on proteomic outcomes among community-dwelling Mexican American adults and elders.Methods:Data from participants enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain among Latino Elders study was utilized. Participants were 50 or older and identified as Mexican American (N = 514). Cognition was assessed via neuropsychological test battery and diagnoses of MCI and AD adjudicated by consensus review. The sample was stratified into four groups: Depression only, Neither depression nor diabetes, Diabetes only, and Comorbid depression and diabetes. Proteomic profiles were created via support vector machine analyses.Results:In Mexican Americans, the proteomic profile of MCI may change based upon the presence of diabetes. The profile has a strong inflammatory component and diabetes increases metabolic markers in the profile.Conclusion:Medical comorbidities may impact the proteomics of MCI and AD, which lend support for a precision medicine approach to treating this disease.

Using Fractional Anisotropy Imaging to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease among Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites: A HABLE Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
James R. Hall ◽  
Leigh A. Johnson ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Melissa Petersen ◽  
Arthur W. Toga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Fractional Anisotropy ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Community Based

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequently occurring neurodegenerative disease; however, little work has been conducted examining biomarkers of AD among Mexican Americans. Here, we examined diffusion tensor MRI marker profiles for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in a multi-ethnic cohort. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 3T MRI measures of fractional anisotropy (FA) were examined among 1,636 participants of the ongoing community-based Health &amp; Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE) community-based study (Mexican American <i>n</i> = 851; non-Hispanic white <i>n</i> = 785). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The FA profile was highly accurate in detecting both MCI (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.99) and dementia (AUC = 0.98). However, the FA profile varied significantly not only between diagnostic groups but also between Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Findings suggest that diffusion tensor imaging markers may have a role in the neurodiagnostic process for detecting MCI and dementia among diverse populations.

scholarly journals Cognitive Outcomes during COVID-19 confiNemeNt in Elderly and their Caregivers using Technologies for DEMentia (CONNECT DEM): study protocol (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Marian Goodman-Casanova ◽  
Elena Dura-Perez ◽  
Gloria Guerrero-Pertiñez ◽  
Pilar Barnestein-Fonseca ◽  
Jose Guzman-Parra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mild Dementia ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 has forced worldwide the implementation of unprecedented restrictions to control its rapid spread and mitigate its impact. The Spanish government has enforced social distancing, quarantine and home confinement. This restriction of daily life activities and separation from loved ones may lead to social isolation and loneliness with health-related consequences in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia and their caregivers. Additionally, an inadequate access to healthcare and social support services may aggravate chronic conditions. Technology home-based interventions emerge for combating social isolation and loneliness preventing the risk of viral exposure. OBJECTIVE The aim of this cohort study is to explore, analyze and determine the impact of social isolation on: 1) cognition, quality of life, mood, technophilia and perceived stress of community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia, and on caregiver burden; 2) health and social care services access and utilization, and 3) cognitive, social and entertainment use of ICTs. METHODS This study will be conducted in the Spanish region of Andalucía (Málaga). In total 200 dyads, consisting of a person with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia (PMCI/MD) and their informal caregiver will be contacted by telephone. Potential respondents will be participants of the SMART 4 MD (N=100) and TV-AssistDem (N=100) clinical trials. RESULTS The change in means in the variables will be analyzed comparing baseline results in the previous studies with those during and after confinement using the ANOVA test of repeated measures or the non-parametric Friedman test if appropriate. The performance of a multivariate analysis of variance (ANCOVA) to introduce possible covariates will also be contemplated. A 95% confidence level will be used. CONCLUSIONS If the hypothesis is proven, these findings will demonstrate the negative impact of social isolation due to the COVID-19 confinement on cognition, quality of life, mood, and perceived stress of community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia, the impact on technophilia, caregiver burden, and health and social care services access and utilization; and the cognitive, social and entertainment use of ICTs during the COVID-19 confinement and afterwards. CLINICALTRIAL NCT: 04385797

scholarly journals Culture and Diagnosis of MCI in Hispanics: A Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1239-1239
Author(s):  
E Briceño ◽  
R Mehdipanah ◽  
X Gonzales ◽  
K Langa ◽  
D Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
The Us

Abstract Objective Hispanics are a rapidly growing and aging segment of the US population. There is a critical need to accurately and efficiently detect those at risk for dementia, particularly those with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). MCI diagnosis typically relies on neuropsychological tests, although cultural and linguistic factors impact neuropsychological test scores. The current study reviews neuropsychological studies on MCI in Hispanics to evaluate the factors in testing for MCI diagnosis. Participants and Method Studies were identified from a literature search utilizing Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, using search terms “Hispanic OR Mexican American” and “Mild Cognitive Impairment,” and from the reference sections of studies identified through this search. Studies utilizing neuropsychological tests in the diagnosis of MCI for Hispanics living in the US were identified and reviewed. Approaches for sample characterization (e.g., country of origin and of education, literacy, language preference and proficiency), neuropsychological test methods (e.g., test selection and translation, normative data source), and method of MCI diagnosis were reviewed. Results Considerable variability was found across studies with regard to the incorporation – and the method of incorporation – of cultural factors and their consideration in the MCI diagnosis process for Hispanics. For example, several studies did not report their sample’s country of education, source of normative data used for determination of cognitive impairment, or method of test adaptation/translation. Conclusions Diagnosis of MCI in Hispanics has been complicated by a dearth of culturally appropriate neuropsychological assessment tools and normative data, which likely contributes to inconsistency across studies. Future studies are needed to further develop culturally appropriate neuropsychological methods to evaluate MCI in Hispanics in the US and to improve diagnostic accuracy in this population.

Vascular Depression and Cognition in Mexican Americans

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 68-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh Ann Johnson ◽  
Stephanie Ellen Large ◽  
Haydee Izurieta Munoz ◽  
James Richard Hall ◽  
Sid E. O’Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Vascular Risk ◽  
Comorbid Depression ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Normal Controls

Background: Mexican Americans are at increased risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease compared to non-Hispanic whites. This study sought to examine the relationship between vascular risk, depression, and cognition in Mexican American elders. Methods: Data from 470 (390 normal controls, 80 MCI patients) Mexican Americans enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE) study were used. The cardiovascular risk was assessed by the Framingham Risk Score. Cognition was assessed with a neuropsychological battery, and depression was assessed based on scores from the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). ANOVAs were utilized to determine the differences in neuropsychological scores of normal controls with and without depression and CVD risk (low vs. high). Follow-up logistic regression was conducted to determine MCI risk. Results: The results of this study indicated that comorbid depression and a high CVD risk were associated with poorer cognitive performance in Mexican Americans. Depressed women with high CVD risk were more likely to have executive dysfunction, language deficits, and poorer global cognition than nondepressed women with a high CVD risk. In Mexican American men, those with a high vascular risk and depression were more likely to have executive dysfunction and poorer immediate memory than the nondepressed high-risk group. Higher GDS scores (OR = 1.10; 95% CI 1.02–1.10, p = 0.001) and higher vascular risk scores (OR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.02–1.10, p = 0.001) significantly predicted MCI status in Mexican Americans. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that comorbid depression and a high CVD risk were associated with poorer cognitive performance and increased risk of MCI in Mexican Americans.

scholarly journals The Link between Potassium and Mild Cognitive Impairment in Mexican-Americans

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul M. Vintimilla ◽  
Stephanie E. Large ◽  
Adriana Gamboa ◽  
Geoffrey D. Rohlfing ◽  
Judith R. O’Jile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Aging Brain ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Study Support ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Normal Controls

Background: Recent evidence suggests that increasing dietary intake of minerals reduces the risk of dementia. This study aimed to examine the relationship between potassium and diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a sample of older Mexican-Americans from rural and urban populations. Methods: The sample was formed of a total of 139 participants with MCI and 371 normal controls from two independent cohorts: a rural cohort (Facing Rural Obstacles to Healthcare Now through Intervention, Education and Research [Project FRONTIER]) and an urban cohort (the Health and Aging Brain among Latino Elders [HABLE] study). Serum electrolytes examined were sodium and potassium. Age and education were entered in the model as covariates. Results: Across both cohorts, the Project FRONTIER (OR = 3.1; p = 0.01) and the HABLE Project (OR = 2.0; p = 0.04), the results indicated that serum potassium levels significantly increased the risk of diagnosis of MCI. Conclusion: Our finding suggested a link between serum potassium levels and a diagnosis of MCI in Mexican-Americans. The results of this study support a previous research which has suggested that the risk factors for MCI may vary by ethnicity.

Comorbid Depression and Diabetes as a Risk for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease in Elderly Mexican Americans

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh A. Johnson ◽  
Adriana Gamboa ◽  
Raul Vintimilla ◽  
Austin J. Cheatwood ◽  
Alyann Grant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Comorbid Depression
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