scholarly journals 403 - Verbal fluency and spontaneous conversation in institutionalized older adults with and without cognitive impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 119-119
Author(s):  
Cristina G. Dumitrache ◽  
Laura Rubio ◽  
Nuria Calet ◽  
José Andrés González ◽  
Ian C. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Boston Naming Test ◽  
Global Deterioration Scale ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Naming Test

Background:Several neurodegenerative conditions negatively impact linguistics skills. Despite this, many studies carried out with these kinds of patients either only include participants with initial stages of cognitive impairment either do not contemplate linguistic skills, or they do assess language in clinical or experimental settings. Due to it this study aims at investigating verbal fluency and spontaneous conversation abilities in a group of institutionalized Spanish older adults with and without cognitive impairment.Method:The sample comprised 50 older adults who were residing in care homes from the province of Granada and with ages between 52 and 92 years old (M= 83.40, SD= 7.18). The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Global Deterioration Scale, and the Short Form of the Boston Naming Test for Individuals with Aphasia were used to collect data. In order to analyze the differences in verbal fluency and in spontaneous conversation between participants ANOVA analysis were performed.Results:Results showed that people without cognitive impairment or with initial stages of Parkinson’s’ disease showed a higher complexity in their spontaneous conversation and obtained higher scores in verbal fluency when compared with patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and with people with cognitive impairment but without a clinical diagnose. No significant differences were found between participants in word or sentence repetitions tasks.Conclusions:Language impairment in people with cognitive impairment has dramatic consequences, affecting people’s communication and social interaction, their identity and autonomy thus language skills should be assessed in institutionalized older adults with cognitive impairment and interventions should be designed to maintain their linguistic abilities.

scholarly journals Nithsdale Schizophrenia Surveys 20

2000 ◽  
Vol 177 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kelly ◽  
V. Sharkey ◽  
G. Morrison ◽  
J. Allardyce ◽  
R. G. McCreadie
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Adult Reading ◽  
The Mean ◽  
National Adult Reading Test ◽  
State Examination

BackgroundCognitive deficits are a core aspect of schizophrenia but there has been no study of cognitive function in a catchment-area-based population of patients with schizophrenia.AimsTo assess cognitive function in a population of patients with schizophrenia, and relate it to community functioning.MethodAll patients with schizophrenia in Nithsdale, south-west Scotland, were identified (n=182). Measures of assessment were: National Adult Reading Test (NART), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test (RBMT), Executive Interview (EXIT), FAS Verbal Fluency and Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS).ResultsWe assessed 138 patients, mean age 48 years (standard deviation (s.d.) 15). Only 14% were in-patients. The mean premorbid IQ as assessed by NART was 98 (s.d. 14); 15% of patients had significant global cognitive impairment (MMSE); 81% had impaired memory (RBMT); 25% had executive dyscontrol (EXIT); and 49% had impaired verbal fluency (FAS). Scores on the functional impairment sub-scale of HoNOS correlated with all measures of cognitive impairment.ConclusionsCognitive dysfunction is pervasive in a community-based population of patients with schizophrenia.

Comparing the Mini-Mental State Examination and the modified Mini-Mental State Examination in the detection of mild cognitive impairment in older adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Van Patten ◽  
Karysa Britton ◽  
Geoffrey Tremont
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Neuropsychological Evaluations ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACTObjectives:To show enhanced psychometric properties and clinical utility of the modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS) compared to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Design:Psychometric and clinical comparison of the 3MS and MMSE.Setting:Neuropsychological clinic in the northeastern USA.Participants:Older adults referred for cognitive concerns, 87 of whom were cognitively intact (CI) and 206 of whom were diagnosed with MCI.Measurements:The MMSE, the 3MS, and comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations.Results:Both instruments were significant predictors of diagnostic outcome (CI or MCI), with comparable odds ratios, but the 3MS explained more variance and showed improved classification accuracies relative to the MMSE. The 3MS also demonstrated greater receiver operating characteristic area under the curve values (0.85, SE = 0.02) compared to the MMSE (0.74, SE = 0.03). Scoring lower than 95/100 on the 3MS suggested MCI, while scoring lower than 28/30 on the MMSE suggested MCI. Additionally, compared to the MMSE, the 3MS shared more variance with neuropsychological composite scores in Language and Memory domains but not in Attention, Visuospatial, and Executive domains. Finally, 65.5% MCI patients were classified as impaired (scoring ≤1 SD below the mean) using 3MS normative data, compared to only 11.7% of patients who were classified as impaired using MMSE normative data.Conclusions:Broadly speaking, our data strongly favor the widespread substitution of the MMSE with the 3MS in older adults with concerns for cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Depressive symptoms and cognitive performance of the elderly: relationship between institutionalization and activity programs

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Cristina F Plati ◽  
Priscila Covre ◽  
Katerina Lukasova ◽  
Elizeu Coutinho de Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Boston Naming Test ◽  
Visual Organization ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Naming Test ◽  
Fluency Test

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of depressive symptoms and to evaluate cognitive performance of institutionalized versus non-institutionalized elderly subjects and to compare the effect of institutionalization and participation in the institution's activity programs on their cognitive performance. METHOD: A group of 120 elderly subjects with a mean age of 71 years and average schooling of 4.2 years was evaluated. The participants were divided into 3 groups: non-institutionalized (n = 37); institutionalized with activities (n = 37); institutionalized without activities (n = 46). The groups were matched for age, gender and educational level. The following assessment instruments were used: the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Verbal Fluency Test and the computerized versions of the Hooper Visual Organization Test and the Boston Naming Test. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Pearson's correlation test. RESULTS: The two groups of institutionalized elderly showed higher frequency of depressive symptoms when compared to non-institutionalized subjects and worse performance on the Verbal Fluency Test. The institutionalized group without activities had lower scores on Mental State Examination, Boston Naming Test and Hooper Visual Organization Test when compared to the other two groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Institutionalization of the elderly seems to be related to worse cognitive performance. Activity programs during institutionalization may be effective in minimizing cognitive functional loss.

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori, Vascular Risk Factors and Cognition in U.S. Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cárdenas ◽  
Boller ◽  
Román
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
State Examination

Previous studies suggested that Helicobacter pylori infection could be a risk factor for stroke, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The authors examined data from participants, 60 years old and older in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-III) to assess the relation between Helicobacter pylori infection and results of the Mini-Mental State Examination (n = 1860) using logistic regression analysis controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, poverty and history of medically diagnosed diabetes. Moreover, we examined performance on the digit-symbol substitution test (DSST) of 1031 participants in the 1999–2000 NHANES according to their H. pylori infection status controlling for potential confounders using multiple linear regression analyses. In 1988–1991, older adults infected with CagA strains of H. pylori had a 50% borderline statistically significant increased level of cognitive impairment, as measured by low Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores (age–education adjusted prevalence ratio: 1.5; 95% confidence interval: 1.0, 2.0). In 1999–2000, older US adults infected with H. pylori scored 2.6 fewer points in the DSST than those uninfected (mean adjusted difference: −2.6; 95% confidence interval −5.1, −0.1). The authors concluded that H. pylori infection might be a risk factor for cognitive decline in the elderly. They also found that low cobalamin and elevated homocysteine were associated with cognitive impairment.

Performance of Subjects with Probable Alzheimer Disease and Normal Elderly Controls on the Gollin Incomplete Pictures Test

1993 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 951-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Mack ◽  
Marian B. Patterson ◽  
Audrey H. Schnell ◽  
Peter J. Whitehouse
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Secondary Memory ◽  
Perceptual Factor ◽  
Perceptual Ability ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Fluency Test

Our study was designed to evaluate perceptual ability measured by the Gollin Incomplete Pictures Test (in which subjects identify fragmented pictures of common objects) in Alzheimer Disease. We developed a standardized procedure for administering Gollin's test and compared the performance of 58 Alzheimer patients and 37 elderly controls on the Gollin, two design copying tests, the Mini-Mental State Examination, a verbal version of the Knox Cubes test, a recognition memory test, and a verbal fluency test. Alzheimer patients performed significantly more poorly than controls on all tests. Factor analysis demonstrated a visual perceptual factor, with loadings on the Gollin test and design copying and three other factors representing primary memory, secondary memory, and language Results indicate the Gollin test measures visual perceptual ability, but the precise nature of the task requires further study. Identification of fragmented pictures appears a practical and potentially useful measure for evaluating at least some aspects of visual perception in patients with generalized cognitive impairment.

A Guide to the Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (S1) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. William Molloy ◽  
Timothy I. M. Standish
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Intrarater Reliability ◽  
Near Misses ◽  
Time Limits ◽  
State Examination

The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a widely used screening test for cognitive impairment in older adults. Because the guidelines for its application are brief, the administration and scoring of the test can vary between different individuals. This can diminish its reliability. Furthermore, some of the items must be changed to accommodate different settings, such as the clinic, home, or hospital. Because there are no time limits, it is not clear how long one should wait for a reply to a question. It is also not clear how one deals with answers that are “near misses.” The goal of the Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE) was to impose strict guidelines for administration and scoring to improve the reliability of the instrument. The reliability of the MMSE was compared with the reliability of the SMMSE in 48 older adults who had the tests administered by university students on three different occasions to assess the interrater and intrarater reliability of the tests. The SMMSE had significantly better interrater and intrarater reliability compared with the MMSE: The interrater variance was reduced by 76% and the intrarater variance was reduced by 86%. It took less time to administer the SMMSE compared with the MMSE (average 10.5 minutes and 13.4 minutes, respectively). The intraclass correlation for the MMSE was .69, and .9 for the SMMSE. Administering and scoring the SMMSE on a task-by-task basis are discussed.

scholarly journals Language impairment in Huntington's disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Jardim Azambuja ◽  
Marcia Radanovic ◽  
Mônica Santoro Haddad ◽  
Carla Cristina Adda ◽  
Egberto Reis Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Huntington’S Disease ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Test Animal ◽  
Boston Naming Test ◽  
Language Competency ◽  
Token Test ◽  
Visual Organization ◽  
Naming Test

Language alterations in Huntington's disease (HD) are reported, but their nature and correlation with other cognitive impairments are still under investigation. This study aimed to characterize the language disturbances in HD and to correlate them to motor and cognitive aspects of the disease. We studied 23 HD patients and 23 controls, matched for age and schooling, using the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, Boston Naming Test, the Token Test, Animal fluency, Action fluency, FAS-COWA, the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the Stroop Test and the Hooper Visual Organization Test (HVOT). HD patients performed poorer in verbal fluency (p<0.0001), oral comprehension (p<0.0001), repetition (p<0.0001), oral agility (p<0.0001), reading comprehension (p=0.034) and narrative writing (p<0.0001). There was a moderate correlation between the Expressive Component and Language Competency Indexes and the HVOT (r=0.519, p=0.011 and r=0.450, p=0.031, respectively). Language alterations in HD seem to reflect a derangement in both frontostriatal and frontotemporal regions.

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