scholarly journals Cardiovascular and metabolic risk markers are related to parasympathetic indices in pre-pubertal adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suziane U. Cayres ◽  
Luiz Carlos M. Vanderlei ◽  
Danilo R. P. Silva ◽  
Manoel Carlos S. Lima ◽  
Maurício F. Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Parasympathetic Activity ◽  
Resting Heart Rate ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the relationship between different heart rate variability indices, resting heart rate, and cardiovascular markers in adolescents.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out with information from an ongoing cohort study. The sample was composed of 99 adolescents who complied with the following inclusion criteria: aged between 11 and 14 years; enrolled in a school unit of elementary education; absence of any known diseases; no drug consumption; and a formal consent signed by the parents or legal guardians. Weight, height, heart rate variability, lipid profile, inflammatory markers, blood pressure, resting heart rate, intima-media thickness, blood flow, and trunk fatness were measured. Partial correlation and linear regression (expressed by β and 95% confidence intervals [95%CI]) analyses were used to analyse the relationships between the variables.ResultsIn the linear regression analysis, even after adjustments for sex, age, trunk fatness, and somatic maturation, parasympathetic activity presented significant correlations with maximum carotid artery blood flow (β=−0.111 [95%CI=−0.216; −0.007]), systolic blood pressure (β=−0.319 [95%CI=−0.638; −0.001]), and resting heat rate (β=−0.005 [95%CI=−0.009; −0.002]).ConclusionParasympathetic activity at rest is inversely related to maximum and minimum blood flow, triacylglycerol levels, and systolic blood pressure. These findings suggest that heart rate variability has the potential to discriminate pre-pubertal adolescents at increased risk.

scholarly journals Identification of a novel population of peripheral sensory neuron that regulates blood pressure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Morelli ◽  
Laura Castaldi ◽  
Sam J. Brown ◽  
Lina L. Streich ◽  
Alexander Websdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Spinal Ganglia

SummaryThe vasculature is innervated by a network of peripheral afferents that sense and regulate blood flow. Here, we describe a system of non-peptidergic sensory neurons with cell bodies in the spinal ganglia that regulate vascular tone in the distal arteries. We identify a population of mechanosensitive neurons marked by TrkC and Tyrosine hydroxylase in the dorsal root ganglia that project to blood vessels. Local stimulation of these neurons decreases vessel diameter and blood flow, while systemic activation increases systolic blood pressure and heart rate variability via the sympathetic nervous system. Chemogenetic inactivation or ablation of the neurons provokes variability in local blood flow leading to a reduction in systolic blood pressure, increased heart rate variability and ultimately lethality within 48 hours. Thus, TrkC/Tyrosine hydroxylase positive sensory neurons form part of a sensory feedback mechanism that maintains cardiovascular homeostasis through the autonomic nervous system.

scholarly journals The preponderance of initial orthostatic hypotension in postural tachycardia syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-466
Author(s):  
Julian M. Stewart ◽  
Archana Kota ◽  
Mary Breige O’Donnell-Smith ◽  
Paul Visintainer ◽  
Courtney Terilli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Pressure Recovery ◽  
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome ◽  
Postural Tachycardia ◽  
Initial Orthostatic Hypotension

Significant initial orthostatic hypotension (IOH) occurs in ~50% of postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) patients and 13% of controls. Heart rate and blood pressure recovery are prolonged in IOH sustaining lightheadedness; IOH is more prevalent and severe in POTS. Altered cerebral blood flow and cardiorespiratory regulation are more prevalent in POTS. Altered heart rate variability and baroreflex gain may cause nearly instantaneous lightheadedness in POTS. IOH alone fails to confer a strong probability of POTS.

Effects of caffeine on blood pressure, heart rate, and forearm blood flow during dynamic leg exercise

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason W. Daniels ◽  
Paul A. Molé ◽  
James D. Shaffrath ◽  
Charles L. Stebbins
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Forearm Blood Flow ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Leg Exercise

This study examined the acute effects of caffeine on the cardiovascular system during dynamic leg exercise. Ten trained, caffeine-naive cyclists (7 women and 3 men) were studied at rest and during bicycle ergometry before and after the ingestion of 6 mg/kg caffeine or 6 mg/kg fructose (placebo) with 250 ml of water. After consumption of caffeine or placebo, subjects either rested for 100 min (rest protocol) or rested for 45 min followed by 55 min of cycle ergometry at 65% of maximal oxygen consumption (exercise protocol). Measurement of mean arterial pressure (MAP), forearm blood flow (FBF), heart rate, skin temperature, and rectal temperature and calculation of forearm vascular conductance (FVC) were made at baseline and at 20-min intervals. Plasma ANG II was measured at baseline and at 60 min postingestion in the two exercise protocols. Before exercise, caffeine increased both systolic blood pressure (17%) and MAP (11%) without affecting FBF or FVC. During dynamic exercise, caffeine attenuated the increase in FBF (53%) and FVC (50%) and accentuated exercise-induced increases in ANG II (44%). Systolic blood pressure and MAP were also higher during exercise plus caffeine; however, these increases were secondary to the effects of caffeine on resting blood pressure. No significant differences were observed in heart rate, skin temperature, or rectal temperature. These findings indicate that caffeine can alter the cardiovascular response to dynamic exercise in a manner that may modify regional blood flow and conductance.

Spectral Analysis of Systolic Blood Pressure and Heart Rate after Heart Transplantation in Children

1995 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Constant ◽  
Arlette Girard ◽  
Jérôme Le Bidois ◽  
Elizabeth Villain ◽  
Dominique Laude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Heart Transplantation ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Group B ◽  
Cardiac Afferents

1. The aim of the study was to examine the short-term variability in blood pressure and heart rate in 19 children who had received heart transplants and in eight normal control children. 2. Blood pressure was determined by a finger arterial pressure device. We examined the power spectra for heart rate and systolic blood pressure in the supine and tilted positions. In addition, we studied the acute changes in blood pressure and heart rate during active standing. 3. In the transplanted children we could distinguish two groups (groups A and B) in whom heart rate variability differed, although in both it was greatly reduced compared with controls (group C). In group A there were no significant fluctuations in the mid-frequency range for heart rate. The gain of the relationship between systolic blood pressure and heart rate was very low and there were virtually no heart rate changes associated with passive tilting. 4. By contrast, in group B transplant patients the heart rate variability, as assessed by standard deviation, was about half that of normal controls. The power spectra attenuation was greater in the high-frequency than in the mid-frequency bands. On passive tilting the latter became enhanced, but not the high-frequency variability. On active standing the tachycardic response was about half that of controls. The findings suggest some reinnervation involving cardiac sympathetic fibres to a greater degree than the fast-responding vagal fibres. 5. In both groups A and B the drop in systolic blood pressure observed early in active standing was about 4–6 times as great as in controls. One possible mechanism could be the loss of cardiac afferents. 6. Time since operation was a critical factor for reinnervation, since all subjects from group B were transplanted more than 44 months prior to the recording. 7. We conclude that in a proportion of children who have received heart transplantation there is a delayed reinnervation of the heart, which probably involves sympathetic effectors rather than the vagus.

P3833Low heart rate variability is associated with future arrhythmic events in hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Terentes-Printzios ◽  
C Vlachopoulos ◽  
L Korogiannis ◽  
G Christopoulou ◽  
P Xydis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background/Introduction Cardiac autonomic dysfunction and target organ damage are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and arrhythmias. Purpose The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of heart rate variability (HRV) and markers of target organ damage in the prognosis of future arrhythmic events. Methods We studied 292 untreated at baseline hypertensives (mean age 53±13, 153 males). Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated by analysis of short-term HRV measures over 24-h using 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and the standard deviation of the measurements. Echocardiography was also performed and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was estimated with the Demereux formula. Aortic stiffness was assessed with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and wave reflections with aortic augmentation index corrected for heart rate (Alx@75). Patients were followed up for a median period of 13 years. The primary endpoint was a composite of atrial/ventricular tachycardias, symptomatic multiple premature ventricular contractions, second and third-degree heart blocks and pacemaker/defibrillator placement. Results In comparison without events, patients with the primary endpoint (n=37, 13%) had lower 24-h daytime HRV (9.6 beats per minute vs. 11.1 beats per minute, p=0.005), higher systolic blood pressure (168 mmHg vs. 163 mmHg, p=0.003), higher cfPWV (8.4 m/s vs. 7.7 m/s, p=0.005), higher LVMI (133 g/m2 vs. 122 g/m2, p=0.002) and higher AIx@75 (29.0% vs. 26.3%, p=0.043). In further analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the ability of HRV, cfPWV, LVMI and AIx@75 to discriminate subjects with arrhythmic events. The area under the curve (AUC) and 95% CIs of the ROC curves were AUC=0.35 (95% CI: 0.26–0.44, p=0.003) for HRV, AUC=0.64 (95% CI: 0.54–0.73, P<0.006) for cfPWV, AUC=0.67 (95% CI: 0.58–0.75, P=0.001) for LVMI and AUC=0.55 (95% CI: 0.47–0.64, P=0.298) for AIx@75 (Figure). In Cox regression analysis, only HRV was associated with increased risk of arrhythmic events (Hazard ratio per 1 unit =0.87, 95% Confidence intervals 0.76 to 0.995, p=0.043) when adjusted for age, gender, cfPWV, LVMI and AIx@75. ROC curves of HRV & target organ damage Conclusions Low heart rate variability is associated with increased risk of future arrhythmic events suggesting an early sympathovagal imbalance that could lead to future events in hypertension.

scholarly journals A Calibrated Method of Massage Therapy Decreases Systolic Blood Pressure Concomitant With Changes in Heart Rate Variability in Male Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt A. Spurgin ◽  
Anthony Kaprelian ◽  
Roberto Gutierrez ◽  
Vidyasagar Jha ◽  
Christopher G. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Massage Therapy ◽  
Male Rats
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document