Association of cardiac autonomic modulation with physical and clinical features of young people with type 1 diabetes

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to verify possible associations between heart rate variability indices and physical activity, body composition, and metabolic and cardiovascular parameters in individuals with type 1 diabetes.MethodA total of 39 young patients with type 1 diabetes were included. Body composition, physical activity, cardiovascular parameters, and metabolic parameters were assessed. For the heart rate variability analysis, heart rate was recorded beat-by-beat using a Polar S810i heart rate monitor for 30 minutes, with the volunteers in the supine position; subsequently, the following indices were considered: standard deviation of all normal RR intervals; root-mean square of differences between adjacent normal RR intervals in a time interval; percentage of adjacent RR intervals with a difference of duration >50 ms; high frequency component in milliseconds squared; high frequency component in normalised units; standard deviation of the instantaneous variability beat-to-beat; and standard deviation of the long-term variability. The association between the heart rate variability indices and independent variables was verified through linear regression in unadjusted and adjusted models (considering gender and age). The statistical significance was set at 5% and the confidence interval at 95%.ResultsHigh values of at-rest heart rate were associated with reduced parasympathetic activity and global heart rate variability, and higher values of waist-to-hip ratio were related to lower parasympathetic activity, independent of age or gender.ConclusionFor young patients with type 1 diabetes, increases in at-rest heart rate values are associated with reduced parasympathetic activity and global heart rate variability, whereas higher waist-to-hip ratio values are related to lower parasympathetic activity, both independent of age and gender.

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A single dose of dark chocolate increases parasympathetic modulation and heart rate variability in healthy subjects

Revista de Nutrição ◽

10.1590/1678-98652016000600002 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (6) ◽

pp. 765-773 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ana Amélia Machado DUARTE ◽

Cristiano MOSTARDA ◽

Maria Claudia IRIGOYEN ◽

Katya RIGATTO

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Single Dose ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Frequency Component ◽

Dark Chocolate ◽

High Frequency Component ◽

Rr Intervals

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of a single dose of dark chocolate (70% cocoa) on blood pressure and heart rate variability. Methods: Thirty-one healthy subjects (aged 18-25 years; both sexes) were divided into two groups: 10 subjects in the white chocolate (7.4 g) group and 21 in the dark chocolate (10 g) group; measurements were performed at the university's physiology lab. An electrocardiogram measured the sympathovagal balance by spectral and symbolic analysis. Results: A single dose of dark chocolate significantly reduced systolic blood pressure and heart rate. After consuming 10 g of dark chocolate, significant increases were observed for heart rate variability, standard deviation of RR intervals standard deviation of all NN intervals, square root of the mean squared differences between adjacent normal RR intervals root mean square of successive differences, and an increase in the high frequency component in absolute values, representing the parasympathetic modulation. Conclusion: In conclusion the importance of our results lies in the magnitude of the response provoked by a single dose of cocoa. Just 10 g of cocoa triggered a significant increase in parasympathetic modulation and heart rate variability. These combined effects can potentially increase life expectancy because a reduction in heart rate variability is associated with several cardiovascular diseases and higher mortality.

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The Influence of Glycemic Control on Heart Rate Variability and Blood Pressure in Adult Patients with the Type 1 Diabetes

Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases ◽

10.2478/rjdnmd-2018-0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 67-75

Author(s):

Nataliia Pertseva ◽

Iryna Tyshchenko ◽

Kateryna Moshenets

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Diastolic Pressure ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Rr Intervals ◽

Area Index

AbstractBackground and aims: to identify heart rate variability (HRV) and blood pressure (BP) in patients with type 1 diabetes depending on the duration of disease and glycemic control.Materials and methods: 43 patients were examined. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to the level of НвА1с: group 1 (n=21) with НвА1с ≤ 7.5% and group 2 (n=22) with НвА1с > of 7.5%. All patients underwent daily monitoring of electrocardiogram Holter and ambulatory BP monitoring within 24 hours in parallel with long term monitoring of blood glucose.Results: Hyppoglycemia is characterized by significant decrease root mean square difference between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD) (r = −0.531; p = 0.003) and number of consecutive RR intervals, the difference between them is more than 50 ms expressed as a percentage of total number of RR-intervals (pNN50%) (r = the −0.503; p = 0.005) and increase of Low Frequency/High Frequency Ratio (LF/HF) (r = 0552; p = 0.002). Patients with hypoglycemia had significantly higher daily diastolic pressure area index (DPAI24) (p = 0.016), and daily diastolic pressure time index DPTI24 (p = 0.025).Conclusion: our findings demonstrate the need to reduce the frequency of hypoglycemia episodes in patients with T1DM.

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[PP.18.17] HEART RATE VARIABILITY IN YOUNG PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS IS A MARKER OF CARDIAC AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/01.hjh.0000523681.09817.ff ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. e236

Author(s):

D. Medvedev ◽

Y. Mahamat ◽

V. Efimova ◽

A. Safarova ◽

Z. Kobalava

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Autonomic Neuropathy ◽

Young Patients ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy

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Heart rate variability and circadian variations in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Pediatric Diabetes ◽

10.1111/j.1399-543x.2006.00141.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Firat Kardelen ◽

Gayaz Akcurin ◽

Halil Ertug ◽

Sema Akcurin ◽

Iffet Bircan

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Circadian Variations

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Rapid glucose rise reduces heart rate variability in adults with type 1 diabetes: A prospective secondary outcome analysis

Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism ◽

10.1111/dom.14287 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Max L. Eckstein ◽

Othmar Moser ◽

Norbert J. Tripolt ◽

Peter N. Pferschy ◽

Anna A. M. Obermayer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Outcome Analysis

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Effects of Metformin Added to Insulin in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes: An Exploratory Crossover Randomized Trial

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2020/7419345 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Daizhi Yang ◽

Jinhua Yan ◽

Hongrong Deng ◽

Xubin Yang ◽

Sihui Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Autonomic Function ◽

Insulin Dose ◽

Glucose Variability

Background. To comprehensively assess the effects of metformin added to insulin on metabolic control, insulin sensitivity, and cardiovascular autonomic function in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Materials and Methods. This was an exploratory, crossover, randomized trial conducted in adolescents with type 1 diabetes aged 12-18 years old. Participants were randomly received metformin (≤1000 mg/d) added to insulin for 24 weeks followed by insulin monotherapy for a subsequent 24 weeks or vice versa. Blood pressure, body mass index, insulin dose, estimated insulin sensitivity, glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and lipid profiles were measured, with a 72-hour continuous glucose monitoring and 24-hour Holter monitoring performed at baseline, 24, and 50 weeks for the assessments of glucose variability and heart rate variability. Results. Seventeen patients with mean ± SD age 14.4 ± 2.3 years , body mass index 18.17 ± 1.81 kg / m 2 , median (IQR) diabetes duration 4.50 (3.58, 6.92) years, and HbA1c 9.0% (8.5%, 9.4%) were enrolled. The between-group difference in HbA1c of 0.28% (95% CI -0.39 to 0.95%) was not significant ( P = 0.40 ). Changes in body mass index, insulin dose, blood pressure, lipid profiles, and estimated insulin sensitivity were similar for metformin add-on vs. insulin monotherapy. Glucose variability also did not differ. Compared with insulin monotherapy, metformin add-on significantly increased multiple heart rate variability parameters. Conclusions. Metformin added to insulin did not improve metabolic control or glucose variability in lean/normal-weight adolescents with type 1 diabetes. However, metformin added to insulin significantly increased heart rate variability, suggesting that metformin might improve cardiovascular autonomic function in this population.

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