The Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Schema Questionnaire for Children (SQC)

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Stallard ◽  
Helen Rayner
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Cognitive Schema ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Schema Questionnaire

This study describes the development and initial evaluation of a cognitive schema questionnaire for children. The Schema Questionnaire for Children (SQC) was designed to capture the 15 early maladaptive schemas proposed by Young (1990). Face validity of the questionnaire items as assessed by a group of CBT experts (n=16) was good. Concurrent validity was assessed by asking 47 school children aged 11–16 years of age to complete both the (SQC) and a British version of the 75 item Young's Schema Questionnaire short form (YSC-S). Significant correlations were obtained for 10 of the 15 schemas, with a further two approaching statistical significance. Although some of the correlations were modest, these initial results suggest that the SQC may be a valid quick and developmentally appropriate way of assessing Young's maladaptive schema in children.

An Examination of the Structure and Stability of Early Maladaptive Schemas by Means of the Young Schema Questionnaire-3

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Calvete ◽  
Izaskun Orue ◽  
Zahira González-Diez
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Order Structure ◽  
Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Young Schema Questionnaire ◽  
Common Domain ◽  
Schema Questionnaire ◽  
Over Time

The Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ) assesses early maladaptive schemas (EMS) that underlie a variety of psychological disorders. Since its creation by Young, several versions of this questionnaire have been developed. The Young Schema Questionnaire-3 (YSQ-3; Young, 2006 ) adds three new schemas (approval-seeking, punitiveness, and pessimism/negativity) in addition to the previous versions. This study examines the structure, consistency, stability, and concurrent validity of the YSQ-3 in a sample of Spanish students (n = 971, 54% females). The participants completed the YSQ-3 together with measures of depression, social anxiety, and hostility. A subsample of 351 was followed up 6 months later. The results support the structure of 18 EMS for the YSQ-3. However, the results for the second-order structure are mixed. Whereas the disconnection and rejection and the impaired autonomy domains are well supported, evidence for the other domains is limited, and results suggest that these domains may be integrated into one common domain. Finally, consistent with their content, EMS were associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and hostility, and showed relative stability over time.

Factor Analysis of the Schema Questionnaire-Short Form in a Nonclinical Sample

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Lachenal-Chevallet ◽  
Pierre Mauchand ◽  
Jean Cottraux ◽  
Martine Bouvard ◽  
Robert Martin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
English Version ◽  
Cultural Validity ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Nonclinical Sample ◽  
Schema Questionnaire

The original version of the Schema Questionnaire (205 items) was developed by Young to measure early maladaptive schemas. The Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (SQ-SF) was designed (Young, 1998) to measure 15 maladaptive schemas and is a shorter instrument (75 items). Factor analytic research with the SQ-SF has supported the schemas proposed by Young (Welburn, Coristine, Dagg, Pontrefact, & Jordan, 2002). The present study examined the psychometric properties of the French version of the SQ-SF in a nonclinical sample (N = 263). The results of the factor analysis revealed 14 interpretable factors, including 13 of the 15 schema subscales proposed by Young. These 14 subscales demonstrated moderate to good internal consistency. These results are in part consistent with previous results based on the English version of the SQ-SF and provided support for the cross-cultural validity of the SQ-SF.

The Young Schema Questionnaire 3 Short Form (YSQ-S3)

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Bach ◽  
Erik Simonsen ◽  
Peter Christoffersen ◽  
Levente Kriston
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Young Schema Questionnaire ◽  
Instrument Measuring ◽  
Schema Questionnaire

Abstract. Early Maladaptive Schemas, as measured with the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ), are proposed to underlie a variety of mental health problems, in particular Personality Disorders. The latest short version of the instrument measuring all 18 schemas, the YSQ-S3, has only been examined to a limited extent, and its associations with Personality Disorders have not yet been tested in a psychiatric setting. We investigated psychometric properties of the Danish YSQ-S3 including its associations with Personality Disorders. A mixed Danish sample of clinical and nonclinical participants (N = 567) completed the YSQ-S3, whereas a clinical subsample (n = 142) was also assessed with a diagnostic interview for Personality Disorders. We performed reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, regression analysis, and tested for group differences using analysis of variance. The Danish YSQ-S3 proved to be a reliable and valid measure. Its theoretical factorial structure was weakly but sufficiently supported. Its scales were meaningfully associated with specific Personality Disorders and discriminated between relevant groups. We conclude that the YSQ-S3 is a psychometrically valuable instrument for the assessment of Early Maladaptive Schemas in both clinical and research settings. Findings are discussed in relation to Personality Disorders and the Schema Therapy model.

Relationship between early maladaptive schemas, attachment quality and fear of darkness

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (49) ◽  
pp. 1967-1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krisztina Kopcsó ◽  
András Láng
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Level ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Avoidant Attachment ◽  
Attachment Quality ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Attachment Dimensions ◽  
Schema Questionnaire

Introduction: Although fear of darkness is most common in childhood, it is also a remarkable phenomenon in young adulthood. Aim: To examine the relationship between fear of darkness, early maladaptive schemas and attachment quality in young adults and assess fear related sex differences. Method: A self-developed scale was used to measure fear of darkness’ intensity and frequency. Young Schema Questionnaire – Short Form and two scales that measure attachment dimensions were also applied. 120 university students (68 women, 52 men) filled in the tests. Results: Fear of darkness’ frequency correlated with avoidant attachment, and intensity with independent and anxious attachment. Fear of darkness variables correlated with several early maladaptive schemas. Women reported more frequent and intensive fear of darkness than men. Conclusions: These results indicated that the elevated level of fear of darkness is related to specific cognitive style and attachment quality. This highlights the potential clinical relevance of fear of darkness. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(49), 1967–1972.

Latinx College Students: How Schemas and Attachments Impact Depression and Relationship Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-263
Author(s):  
Adrian Rodriguez ◽  
Paul Ratanasiripong ◽  
Kimberly Hardaway ◽  
Leslie Barron ◽  
Shiho Toyama
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Attachment Avoidance ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Schema Questionnaire

Latinx college students face challenges regarding depression. The relationships between early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and attachment style on depression and relationship satisfaction were investigated among 236 Latinx college student participants. The Young Schema Questionnaire–Short Form (YSQ-S3) total score was utilized to identify overall schema. Significant correlations were found. Overall schema, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and depression were all positively correlated, while attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, and depression were negatively correlated with relationship satisfaction. In multiple regression analyses, Model 1, overall schema and attachment anxiety significantly predicted depression. In Model 2, overall schema, attachment anxiety, and attachment avoidance significantly predicted relationship satisfaction, with EMS acting as a positive predictor. Results suggest that Latinx college students with EMS and anxious attachment style endorse more depression, while the influence of EMS and attachment style on relationship satisfaction needs to be further investigated. Considerations for the use of schema therapy and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas in Drug (Traditional and Industrial) Addicted and Nonaddicted Individuals in Hamadan, Iran

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Keyword(s):  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maladaptive Schemas ◽  
P Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
Schema Questionnaire

Background and Objective: The present study aimed to compare early maladaptive schemas between individuals with and without substance use disorder (SUD) in Hamadan, Iran. Materials and Methods: The present causal-comparative study was conducted on a total of 200 individuals with and without SUD referring to the addiction treatment centers in Hamadan, Iran, during 2016. The participants were selected based on the stratified random sampling method. In addition, the required data were collected through the Young’s Schema Questionnaire Short Form and analyzed using the independent samples t-test by SPSS software (version 22). Results: The obtained results indicated a significant difference in early maladaptive schemas between the participants with and without SUD. Accordingly, the scores of early maladaptive schemas of the subjects with SUD were generally higher than those reported for the participants without SUD (df=198; the p-value of the first column<0.05; the lowest and highest p-values of Levene’s test reported as 0.000 and 0.542, respectively). Conclusions: There was a significant difference between the scores of early maladaptive schemas in individuals with and without SUD. Accordingly, the frequency of early maladaptive schemas of the participants with SUD was generally greater than that reported for those without SUD.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Maladaptive Cognitive Schema in Orphans in Dakahlia, Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel-Hady El-Gilany ◽  
Mona A. El-Bilsha ◽  
Azza Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cognitive Schema ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Maladaptive Schema ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Schema Questionnaire ◽  
Interview Questionnaire

The objective of this study was to assess the gender differences of maladaptive cognitive schema among orphans in Dakahlia governorate orphanages. A cross-sectional comparative study included 152 orphan boys and 48 orphan girls in all orphanages homes in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt. Data collection tools included a structured interview questionnaire for personal data; early maladaptive schema questionnaire-short form (EMSQ-SF). The mean score of the total YSQ and all the subscales, except self-sacrifice and unrelenting standards, are significantly higher among females than males. Attention should be given to the psychological care of the orphans especially security, trust, confidence, and autonomy with more attention to orphan girls.

Ricerca preliminare sulla valutazione Italiana dell'Internet Disorder Scale – Short Form (IDS9-SF)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Soraci
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Validity Criterion ◽  
Preliminary Research ◽  
Nomological Validity ◽  
Italian Territory

The purpose of this study is to create a new tool capable of diagnosing the severity of internet addiction (IA) and is based on the nine IGD criteria. These same criteria were suggested by the APA in the last edition of the DSM-51. A sample was recruited with a method of convenience and 300+ participants were recruited through different forums and social networks. The construct validity of the IDS9SF test was achieved through factor analysis and nomological validity. The concurrent validity, criterion and reliability of the test itself have been thoroughly investigated through the most common and consolidated data analysis techniques, confirming that the same test has sufficient psychometric properties to be used also in the Italian territory. Furthermore it is necessary to remember that this preliminary research is only valid in the field of data and statistics with all the limitations of the case and cannot be used for a real clinical evaluation.

Concurrent validity of a WAIS—R seven-subtest short form in patients with brain impairment.

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant L. Iverson ◽  
Bill Myers ◽  
Michelle L. Bengston ◽  
Russell L. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Short Form

Twin Pregnancies Complicated by a Single Malformed Fetus: Chorionicity, Outcome and Management

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 501-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Gedikbasi ◽  
Alpaslan Akyol ◽  
Gokhan Yildirim ◽  
Ali Ekiz ◽  
Ahmet Gul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Gestational Age At Birth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Twin Pregnancies ◽  
Age At Birth

The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of one abnormal fetus in a twin pregnancy, to compare impact of chorionicity and clinical outcome of intervention and expectant management. Thirty-seven dichorionic (DC) twins and 18 monochorionic (MC) twins complicated with one malformed fetus were evaluated for gestational age, birthweight and perinatal outcome. Six hundred and forty-two twin pregnancies were evaluated in the database. The control groups consisted of 429 DC and 86 MC twins without anomalous fetus. Mean birthweight and gestational age at birth for DC control group were (n= 429; 2137g and 34.71 weeks), DC study group,n= 37; 2117g (p= .338) and 33.97 weeks (p= .311), and DC study group with major malformations,n= 30; 2019g (p= .289) and 33.3 weeks (p= .01), and showed only significance for gestational age. There was no statistical significance between MC control group,n= 86; 2097g and 34.93 weeks, and MC study group,n= 18; 2237g (p= .338), and 34.42 weeks (p= .502). Because of limited data, the preliminary evaluation for expectant management and intervention, and survival of at least one normal fetus showed no impact. We conclude that, although, all DC twin pregnancies have a risk for preterm delivery, DC twins complicated with major malformation of one twin, have a lower mean gestational age at birth. Preliminary results for intervention does not improve fetal outcome for DC and MC twins and needs further evaluation with greater studies of impact or review.

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