Human Frontal Lobe Function Revealed

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-649
Author(s):  
D.S. Knopman
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Frontal Lobes ◽  
Psychiatric Diseases ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function ◽  
Human Disorders

All you ever wanted to know about the human frontal lobes seems to be contained in this multiauthored text, at least up to 1996 or 1997. The editors, Miller and Cummings, are acknowledged experts on the topic of human disorders of the frontal lobes. They have done a monumental job of collecting 53 authors and 34 chapters. The book is divided into five sections, frontal lobe neuroanatomy, frontal lobe neurochemistry and neurophysiology, frontal lobe neuropsychology, neurological diseases involving the frontal lobes, and psychiatric diseases involving the frontal lobes.

A Frontal Account of False Alarms

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Sara B. Festini ◽  
Benjamin Katz
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Frontal Lobes ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Number Of False Alarms ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function

Prior research has demonstrated that the frontal lobes play a critical role in the top–down control of behavior, and damage to the frontal cortex impairs performance on tasks that require executive control (e.g., Burgess & Stuss, 2017; Stuss & Levine, 2002). Across executive functioning tasks, performance deficits are often quantified as the number of false alarms per the total number of nontarget trials. However, most studies of frontal lobe function focus on individual task performance and do not discuss commonalities of errors committed across different tasks. Here, we describe a neurocognitive account that explores the link between deficient frontal lobe function and increased false alarms across an array of experimental tasks from a variety of task domains. We review evidence for heightened false alarms following frontal deficits in episodic long-term memory tests, working memory tasks (e.g., n-back), attentional tasks (e.g., continuous performance tasks), interference control tasks (e.g., recent probes), and inhibitory control tasks (e.g., go/no-go). We examine this relationship via neuroimaging studies, lesion studies, and across age groups and pathologies that impact the pFC, and we propose 11 issues in cognitive processing that can result in false alarms. In our review, some overlapping neural regions were implicated in the regulation of false alarms. Ultimately, however, we find evidence for the fractionation and localization of certain frontal processes related to the commission of specific types of false alarms. We outline avenues for additional research that will enable further delineation of the fractionation of the frontal lobes' regulation of false alarms.

scholarly journals Brenda Milner: Pioneer of the Study of the Human Frontal Lobes

2022 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan Kolb
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Intractable Epilepsy ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Frontal Lobes ◽  
Montreal Neurological Institute ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Frontal Lobectomy

Although the behavioral effects of damage to the frontal lobes date back to at least the late 19th century even midway through the 20th century very little was known about human frontal lobe function and there was a general consensus that the frontal lobe did not play a key role in cognition. This all changed when Brenda Milner published a chapter in a 1964 volume entitled: The Frontal Granular Cortex and Behavior. Milner’s chapter, “Some effects of frontal lobectomy in man,” was the first systematic study of the effect of frontal lobe excisions on cognition in human patients. Milner had access to a unique population of frontal excision patients at the Montreal Neurological Institute that were being treated by Wilder Penfield and his associates for a wide range of neurological disorders, including intractable epilepsy. Milner and her colleagues engaged in a more than 50-year study that has had a formidable impact on our understanding of frontal lobe function. Paralleling studies of frontal lobe function in non-humans they influence on understanding the evolution and function of the prefrontal cortex of mammals. Thus, although Brenda Milner is best known for her studies of human memory, she has had an equally important contribution to our understanding of the frontal lobes.

scholarly journals Differences in Frontal Lobe Dysfunction in Patients with Episodic and Chronic Migraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2779
Author(s):  
Sang-Hwa Lee ◽  
Yeonkyeong Lee ◽  
Minji Song ◽  
Jae Jun Lee ◽  
Jong-Hee Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Medication Overuse Headache ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function

Neuroimaging and neuropsychological investigations have indicated that migraineurs exhibit frontal lobe-related cognitive impairment. We investigated whether orbitofrontal and dorsolateral functioning differed between individuals with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM), focusing on orbitofrontal dysfunction because it is implicated in migraine chronification and medication overuse headache (MOH) in migraineurs. This cross-sectional study recruited women with CM with/without MOH (CM + MOH, CM − MOH), EM, and control participants who were matched in terms of age and education. We conducted neuropsychological assessments of frontal lobe function via the Trail Making Test (TMT) A and B, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). We enrolled 36 CM (19 CM + MOH, 17 CM–MOH), 30 EM, and 30 control participants. The CM patients performed significantly (p < 0.01) worse on the TMT A and B than the EM patients and the control participants. The WCST also revealed significant differences, with poorer performance in the CM patients versus the EM patients and the control participants. However, the net scores on the IGT did not significantly differ among the three groups. Our findings suggest that the CM patients exhibited frontal lobe dysfunction, and, particularly, dorsolateral dysfunction. However, we found no differences in frontal lobe function according to the presence or absence of MOH.

Selective age-related reductions in frontal lobe function

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 670
Author(s):  
M.J. Hoptman ◽  
R.J. Davidson
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function

The Riddle of Frontal Lobe Function in Man

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Lukas Teuber
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function

scholarly journals Age differences in veridical and false recall are not inevitable: The role of frontal lobe function

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 921-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin M. Butler ◽  
Mark A. Mcdaniel ◽  
Courtney C. Dornburg ◽  
Amanda L. Price ◽  
Henry L. Roediger
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
False Recall ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function

scholarly journals Dementia and frontal lobe function.

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
MITSUO KANEKO
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function

Frontal Lobe Function and the African

1951 ◽  
Vol 97 (406) ◽  
pp. 12-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Carothers
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function

In a previous article—” A Study of Mental Derangement in Africans “—the writer described primitive African culture, thinking and attitude to life, and the types of mental derangement seen in Kenya over a 5-year period, and endeavoured to explain the peculiarities in the incidence and nature of African mental derangement on the basis of cultural factors.

scholarly journals Value of the Frontal Assessment Battery Tool for Assessing the Frontal Lobe Function in Stroke Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-272
Author(s):  
Mihyang Han ◽  
Da-Ye Kim ◽  
Ja-Ho Leigh ◽  
Min-Wook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Mmse Score ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Frontal Lobe Dysfunction ◽  
Frontal Assessment Battery ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Assessment Battery ◽  
Frontal Lobe Function

Objective To examine the correlation between the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) test, which is used to assess the frontal lobe function, and anatomical lesions as well as the ability of the test to detect frontal lobe dysfunction.Methods Records of stroke patients undergoing a FAB test and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into three groups according to the lesions determined by an imaging study: frontal lobe cortex lesions, frontal subcortical circuit lesions, and other lesions. The FAB scores of the three groups were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The validity of the FAB test to detect frontal lobe dysfunction was assessed by a comparison with the Computerized Neuropsychological Function Test (CNT) using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The correlation coefficients between the FAB test and MMSE were analyzed further based on the MMSE cutoff score.Results Patients with frontal cortex lesions had significantly lower total and subtest scores according to the FAB test than the other patients. The FAB test correlated better with the CNT than the MMSE, particularly in the executive function and memory domains. A high MMSE score (r=0.435) indicated a lower correlation with the FAB test score than a low MMSE score (r=0.714).Conclusion The FAB test could differentiate frontal lobe lesions from others in stroke patients and showed a good correlation with the CNT. Moreover, the FAB test can be used in patients with high MMSE scores to detect frontal lobe dysfunction and determine the treatment strategies for stroke patients.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document