scholarly journals The Influence of Inhibitory Control and Episodic Memory on the Risky Sexual Behavior of Young Adult Cannabis Users

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi Melissa Schuster ◽  
Natania A. Crane ◽  
Robin Mermelstein ◽  
Raul Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Health Consequences

AbstractCannabis use is associated with risky sexual behavior (RSB) and sex-related negative health consequences. This investigation examined the role of inhibitory control and episodic memory in predicting RSB and sex-related negative consequences among current cannabis users. Findings indicated that the relationships among cannabis, neurocognition, and sexual-risk varied according to the dimension of neurocognition and the parameter of RSB in question. Specifically, more risk-taking was associated with more RSB. Furthermore, amount of recent cannabis use was associated with more RSB and sex-related negative consequences, but only among those with worse performances on a measure of decision-making and of risk-taking. Contrary to hypotheses, worse episodic memory also significantly predicted higher overall sexual-risk and decreased safe-sex practices. Results indicate that worse neurocognitive performance in the areas of risk-taking, decision-making, and episodic memory may influence the degree to which cannabis users engage in RSB and experience negative health consequences as a result. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–7)

scholarly journals Risky sexual behavior among adolescents: The role of decision-making, problems from cannabis use and externalizing disorder symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Megan Ross ◽  
Karen Granja ◽  
Jacqueline C. Duperrouzel ◽  
Ileana Pacheco-Colón ◽  
Catalina Lopez-Quintero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Externalizing Disorder

scholarly journals A neuroscience perspective on sexual risk behavior in adolescence and emerging adulthood

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Victor ◽  
Ahmad R. Hariri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Testable Hypothesis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sexual Risk Taking ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Triadic Model

AbstractLate adolescence and emerging adulthood (specifically ages 15–24) represent a period of heightened sexual risk taking resulting in the greatest annual rates of sexually transmitted infections and unplanned pregnancies in the US population. Ongoing efforts to prevent such negative consequences are likely to benefit from a deepening of our understanding of biological mechanisms through which sexual risk taking emerges and biases decision making during this critical window. Here we present a neuroscience framework from which a mechanistic examination of sexual risk taking can be advanced. Specifically, we adapt the neurodevelopmental triadic model, which outlines how motivated behavior is governed by three systems: approach, avoidance, and regulation, to sexual decision making and subsequent risk behavior. We further propose a testable hypothesis of the triadic model, wherein relatively decreased threat-related amygdala reactivity and increased reward-related ventral striatum reactivity leads to sexual risk taking, which is particularly exaggerated during adolescence and young adulthood when there is an overexpression of dopaminergic neurons coupled with immature top-down prefrontal cortex regulation. We conclude by discussing how future research based on our adapted triadic model can inform ongoing efforts to improve intervention and prevention efforts.

scholarly journals Adolescent sibling associations among alcohol, cannabis, and sexual risk behavior: A test of interdependence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Thomas ◽  
Lauren Micalizzi ◽  
Samuel N. Meisel ◽  
Dayna Price ◽  
Anthony Spirito
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Risk Behavior ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actor Partner Interdependence Model ◽  
Partner Effect

Although siblings are conceptualized as a salient social influence during adolescence, few studies have examined how adolescent siblings influence each other’s substance use and risky sexual behavior. This study’s objective was to investigate the influence of alcohol use days, cannabis use days, and cannabis and alcohol co-use days on the sexual risk behavior of siblings while accounting for dyadic influence. At the baseline visit for a randomized controlled trial for adolescents referred due to parents’ concerns about their substance use (“referred adolescents”; n=99; Mage=15.95), we assessed alcohol and cannabis use days as well as sexual risk behavior of the referred adolescents and their sibling (Mage=15.03). We computed the number of days in the 30 days prior to the baseline that alcohol and cannabis use occurred on the same day. Using a cross-sectional actor partner interdependence model, we tested two models of how adolescents’ substance use is associated with their own (“actor effect”) and their siblings’ (“partner effect”) sexual risk behavior—one model for alcohol and cannabis use, and one model for co-use. Results indicated for referred adolescents and their siblings, within an individual, greater alcohol, cannabis, and co-use was significantly associated with sexual risk behavior (actor effects). Furthermore, more sibling co-use days were positively associated with referred adolescent sexual risk behavior (partner effect), representing interdependence. These findings confirm the influence siblings have on one another’s risky behavior in adolescence and have implications for prevention and intervention efforts for adolescent substance use.

scholarly journals Comportamientos sexuales riesgosos y factores asociados entre estudiantes universitarios en Barranquilla, Colombia, 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-449
Author(s):  
María Badillo-Viloria ◽  
Xilene Mendoza-Sánchez ◽  
Marisol Barreto Vásquez ◽  
Anderson Díaz-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introducción: Adolescentes y adultos jóvenes participan frecuentemente en comportamientos sexuales riesgosos (relaciones sexuales sin protección, sexo con parejas casuales, promiscuidad, iniciación sexual temprana, etc.), trayendo consigo embarazos no planeados, Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual, suicidios, abortos, afectaciones académicas y laborales. El objetivo del estudio, fue identificar los comportamientos sexuales riesgosos y factores asociados en estudiantes de una universidad en Barranquilla, 2019. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de tipo descriptivo-correlacional de corte transversal, se utilizó la Encuesta de Riesgo Sexual, que evaluó comportamientos sexuales riesgosos en universitarios de Barranquilla, en los últimos seis meses, se generaron los coeficientes de correlación Chi cuadrado de Pearson (nivel de confianza 95%; p≤0.05) para medir la asociación entre los puntajes de riesgo sexual y factores sociodemográficos y académicos. Resultados: El 63% de los participantes inició actividad sexual antes de los 18 años. 87% han participado una o más veces en comportamientos sexuales de riesgo: sexo vaginal sin condón (73%), fellatio sin condón (60.3%), número de parejas con quién tienen comportamientos sexuales (66.2%) y experiencias sexuales inesperadas (54.4%). Los hombres y estudiantes de Derecho tenían puntajes de riesgo sexual más altos que las mujeres y los estudiantes de Enfermería. Conclusión: Los universitarios están en riesgo y participando en comportamientos sexuales riesgosos, que podrían afectar su salud y proyecto de vida. Los factores de mayor riesgo fueron; sexo temprano, género, edad >20 años, prácticas sexuales arriesgadas como el sexo vaginal, oral y anal sin protección y conductas sexuales impulsivas y no planificadas. Introduction: Adolescents and young adults are frequently involved in risky sexual behavior (unprotected sex, sex with casual partners, promiscuity, early sexual initiation, etc.) bringing with them, unplanned pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections, suicides, abortions, academic and labor affectations. The objective of the study was to identify risky sexual behaviors and associated factors in students at a university in Barranquilla, 2019.Materials and methods: Study descriptive-correlational cross-sectional, the sexual risk survey was used, which evaluated risky sexual behavior in university students of Barranquilla in the last six months, were generated correlation coefficients Chi-square Pearson (95% confidence level; p≤0.05) to measure the association between sexual risk scores and sociodemographic and academic factors.Results: 63% of participants initiated sexual activity before the age of 18. The 87% have participated one or more times in risky sexual behaviors: vaginal sex without a condom (73%), fellatio without a condom (60.3%), number of partners with whom they have sexual behaviors (66.2%) and unexpected sexual experiences (54.4%). Men and law students had higher sexual risk scores than women and nursing students.Conclusion: The university students are at risk and participating in risky sexual behavior, which could affect their health and life Project. The major risk factors were; early sex, gender, age >20 years, risky sexual practices such as vaginal, oral, and anal unprotected sex and impulsive and unplanned sexual behaviors.

scholarly journals Perilaku Seksual Berisiko pada Pedagang Bawang Merah di Kecamatan Wanasari Kabupaten Brebes

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nina Maria Desi ◽  
Zahroh Shaluhiyah ◽  
Sutopo Patria Djati
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
The Times ◽  
Time Variables

ABSTRAKTingkat migrasi penduduk yang makin tinggi mengakibatkan populasi berisiko tertular infeksi menular seksual juga meningkat. Dari studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan terhadap pedagang bawang merah di wilayah Kec. Wanasari Kab. Brebes terungkap bahwa pengetahuan mengenai perilaku seksual beresiko kurang dan perilaku seksual beresiko tanpa kondom yang tinggi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional, metode pengumpulan data dengan penyebaran kuisioner untuk mencari gambaran perilaku seksual berisiko. Sampel penelitian yaitu pedagang bawang merah di Kec. Wanasari Kab. Brebes yaitu sebesar 120 orang. Sebanyak 86,7% responden berperilaku seksual berisiko IMS. 70,8% responden berumur ≥32 tahun dengan pendidikan rendah sebanyak 57,5% dan belum menikah sebanyak 52,5%. Sebagian besar responden berpengetahuan kurang baik dan 61,7% melakukan kegiatan berisiko untuk mengisi waktu luang. Variabel yang berhubungan terhadap perilaku seksual berisiko IMS adalah umur dan kegiatan pengisi waktu luang. Analisis multivaritat menunjukan factor yang paling berpengaruh adalah umur, kegiatan pengisi waktu luang dan religiusitas. Saran bagi Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Brebes lebih meningkatkan pengetahuan para pedagang bawang dalam hal perilaku seksual berisiko dan memfasilitasi para pedagang untuk mengisi waktu luang dengan hal yang bermanfaat dan terhindar dari perilaku seksual berisiko.Kata Kunci : Pedagang bawang, Infeksi Menular SeksualABSTRACTSEXUAL BEHAVIOR AT RISK OF ONION TRADERS IN WANASARI, BREBES; Along with the times, the population at high risk of sexually transmitted infections increase rapidly. From a preliminary study in the district Wanasari Brebes revealed that their knowledge about sexual behavior said to be low risk and lots of sexual risk behavior without condom. This research is descriptive quantitative analytical with cross-sectional design study, methods for collecting the data by distributing questionnaires to find a picture on the risky sexual behaviors of respondent. The sample in this research is 120 people. 86,7% respondent has risky sexual behavior. 70,8% of respondent is above 32 years old with low education as much as 57,5% and not marriage yet 52,5%. 61,7% of respondent has risky behavior in their leisure time. Variables that significantly relationship against sexual behavior are ages and leisure activity.based on multivariate analisys, variables that strongly connected to sexual behavior is ages, leisure activity, and religiousity. Advice given to Departemen Kesehatan Brebes for further enhance the knowledge of onion traders in terms of risky sexual behavior, include facilitating spare time with things that are more useful to avoid risky sexual behavior.Keyword : Behavior, sexual risk, Brebes

scholarly journals Preliminary Evidence for a Sex-Specific Relationship between Amount of Cannabis Use and Neurocognitive Performance in Young Adult Cannabis Users

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1009-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natania A. Crane ◽  
Randi Melissa Schuster ◽  
Raul Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests neuropsychological deficits from cannabis use, with a burgeoning area of preclinical research indicating possible sex-differences. However, few studies have examined how cannabis use may differentially impact neurocognition in male and female cannabis users. As such, we examined potential sex-differences in associations between amount of cannabis use (across several time frames) and neurocognitive performance among young adult regular cannabis users. Consistent with previous studies, more cannabis use was generally associated with poorer episodic memory and decision-making, but not other measures of inhibitory control. However, patterns of results suggested sex-specific dissociations. In particular, more cannabis use was more consistently associated with poorer episodic memory performance in females than males. Conversely, more cannabis use was associated with poorer decision-making performance for males, but not females. These results provide further evidence for residual cannabis-associated neurocognitive deficits and suggest the importance of examining the impact of cannabis on neurocognition separately for males and females. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–7)

The Development of Sexual Risk Taking in Adolescence

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSEMARY A. JADACK ◽  
MARY L. KELLER
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Risk ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Sexual Risk Taking ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Developmental Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

This chapter reviews literature from 1985 to the present that is focused on the development of sexual behaviors in adolescents, decision making about sexual behavior, and sexual risk-taking behaviors. Results show that sexual behavior is part of most people’s lives from childhood through adulthood, and that the majority of adolescents begin to engage in sexual behaviors in their teenage years. Synthesis of this large body of research reveals a lack of theoretical frameworks to guide research in sexual risk taking, resulting in an incomplete understanding of the predictors of sexual risk-taking behavior in adolescents. New and broader approaches in the study of sexual risk taking are needed that include consideration of the social and developmental context from which adolescents make decisions about sexual behavior.

Influence of Impulsivity During Decision-making in Regular Cannabis Users

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S205-S205
Author(s):  
V. Laprevote ◽  
A.L. Devin ◽  
B. Blanc ◽  
R. Schwan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Delay Aversion ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionRegular cannabis use is associated with cognitive impairments, including impaired decision making measured by the Iowa Gambling Task. The question remains whether the impulsivity measured in regular cannabis users may participate to impaired decision making. Interestingly, the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT) is a computerized gambling task allows to differentiate risk taking and impulsivity when making a decision.AimsThis study aims at separately exploring the impact of regular cannabis use on risk taking and impulsivity during decision making process.ObjectivesTo do so, we compared the performance of regular cannabis users and healthy controls during the CGT.MethodsForty-three regular cannabis users (> 7 units/week) with a cannabis use disorder (CUD), 8 non-CUD regular cannabis users and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Decision-making was assessed using the CGT. The following outcomes were considered: Delay aversion score, Overall proportion bet, quality of decision making, risk taking and risk adjustment.ResultsThe analysis on delay aversion score showed a group effect (F = 3.839, P = 0.026) but no effect on other CGT variables. This effect was explained by the fact that cannabis CUD users had a higher delay aversion score than healthy controls and non-CUD cannabis users.ConclusionsIn this study, CUD cannabis users had an increased impulsivity but no increase of risk taking and quality of decision-making. Future work should include the CGT with a clinical scale to evaluate impulsivity and a motor inhibition task to understand if the impairment observed relates to cognitive or motor abilities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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