The Relationship between Negative Symptoms and Both Emotion Management and Non-social Cognition in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Caitlin O. B. Yolland ◽  
Sean P. Carruthers ◽  
Wei Lin Toh ◽  
Erica Neill ◽  
Philip J. Sumner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Emotion Management ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objective: There is ongoing debate regarding the relationship between clinical symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). The present study aimed to explore the potential relationships between symptoms, with an emphasis on negative symptoms, and social and non-social cognition. Method: Hierarchical cluster analysis with k-means optimisation was conducted to characterise clinical subgroups using the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms in n = 130 SSD participants. Emergent clusters were compared on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, which measures non-social cognition and emotion management as well as demographic and clinical variables. Spearman’s correlations were then used to investigate potential relationships between specific negative symptoms and emotion management and non-social cognition. Results: Four distinct clinical subgroups were identified: 1. high hallucinations, 2. mixed symptoms, 3. high negative symptoms, and 4. relatively asymptomatic. The high negative symptom subgroup was found to have significantly poorer emotion management than the high hallucination and relatively asymptomatic subgroups. No further differences between subgroups were observed. Correlation analyses revealed avolition-apathy and anhedonia-asociality were negatively correlated with emotion management, but not non-social cognition. Affective flattening and alogia were not associated with either emotion management or non-social cognition. Conclusions: The present study identified associations between negative symptoms and emotion management within social cognition, but no domains of non-social cognition. This relationship may be specific to motivation, anhedonia and apathy, but not expressive deficits. This suggests that targeted interventions for social cognition may also result in parallel improvement in some specific negative symptoms.

Hallucinations without delusions in patients with first-episode psychosis: Clinical correlates and implications for pathophysiological models

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S32-S32
Author(s):  
I. Melle
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionThe symptomatic distribution in schizophrenia spectrum disorder is heterogeneous. Patients may experience hallucinations, delusions and combinations thereof, in addition to disorganized and negative symptoms. We have previously found that patients with monosymptomatic hallucinations exhibited a different clinical profile than patients with monosymptomatic delusions or combinations of the two; with an earlier age at onset and more suicidal symptoms.AimsTo replicate findings in a new group of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.MethodsA total of 421 consecutive patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were included into the study. They were comprehensively assessed by specifically trained psychiatrists or clinical psychologists; using the SCID for DSM-IV for diagnostic purposes, the PANSS to assess current clinical symptoms and CDSS to assess current depression. Lifetime presence of different symptom types was ascertained during the diagnostic interview.ResultsA total of 346 (82%) had experienced both hallucinations and delusion, 63 (15%) had experienced delusions without hallucinations, 10 (2.5%) had experienced hallucinations without delusions and 2 patients (0.5%) had neither but experienced negative and severely disorganized symptoms. Contrary to hypothesis, we did not find any statistically significant differences in age at onset and in clinical symptoms (including suicidality) between these groups. We also did not find any differences in the type of hallucinatory experiences between hallucinating groups.ConclusionsIn a new sample of patients, we did not replicate previous findings of a different clinical profile in patients with monosymptomatic hallucinations. This type of psychotic disorder is relatively rare, which might pose a problem concerning statistical strength.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Modeling the Longitudinal Effects of Insight on Depression, Quality of Life and Suicidality in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Results from the FACE-SZ Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickaël Ehrminger ◽  
Mathieu Urbach ◽  
Christine Passerieux ◽  
Bruno Aouizerate ◽  
Fabrice Berna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background: Up to half of the patients with schizophrenia attempt suicide during their lifetime. Better insight is associated with better functioning but also with increased suicidality. The direction of the relationship between insight and suicidality is not clear, hence we aimed to provide new elements using structural equation modeling. Methods: Insight, quality of life (QoL), depression, and suicidality were measured at baseline and at 12 months in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The relationships between these variables were investigated by latent difference score models, controlling for chlorpromazine doses, positive and negative symptoms, and general psychopathology. Results: 738 patients were included, and 370 completed the study. Baseline levels of insight predicted changes in suicidality, whereas baseline levels of suicidality did not predict changes in insight, suggesting that better insight underlies suicidality and predicts its worsening. Our results suggest this temporal sequence: better insight → worse QoL → increased depression → increased suicidality, while insight also affects the three variables in parallel. Conclusion: Better insight predicts a worsening of QoL, depression and suicidality. These findings contribute to our global understanding of the longitudinal influence of insight on suicidality. We advocate that insight-targeted interventions should not be proposed without the monitoring of depression and suicide prevention.

scholarly journals Lower- and Higher-Level Social Cognitive Factors Across Individuals With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders and Healthy Controls: Relationship With Neurocognition and Functional Outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay D Oliver ◽  
John D Haltigan ◽  
James M Gold ◽  
George Foussias ◽  
Pamela DeRosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Background Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) often feature social cognitive deficits. However, little work has focused on the factor structure of social cognition, and results have been inconsistent in schizophrenia. This study aimed to elucidate the factor structure of social cognition across people with SSDs and healthy controls. It was hypothesized that a 2-factor model, including lower-level “simulation” and higher-level “mentalizing” factors, would demonstrate the best fit across participants. Methods Participants with SSDs (N = 164) and healthy controls (N = 102) completed social cognitive tasks ranging from emotion recognition to complex mental state inference, as well as clinical and functional outcome, and neurocognitive measures. Structural equation modeling was used to test social cognitive models, models of social cognition and neurocognition, measurement invariance between cases and controls, and relationships with outcome measures. Results A 2-factor (simulation and mentalizing) model fit the social cognitive data best across participants and showed adequate measurement invariance in both SSD and control groups. Patients showed lower simulation and mentalizing scores than controls, but only mentalizing was significantly associated with negative symptoms and functional outcome. Social cognition also mediated the relationship between neurocognition and both negative symptoms and functional outcome. Conclusions These results uniquely indicate that distinct lower- and higher-level aspects of social cognition exist across SSDs and healthy controls. Further, mentalizing may be particularly linked to negative symptoms and functional outcome. This informs future studies of the neural circuitry underlying social cognition and the development of targeted treatment options for improving functional outcome.

Sleep and cognition in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A systematic review protocol.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Carruthers ◽  
Gemma Brunetti ◽  
Susan Rossell
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Systematic Review Protocol ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sleep And Cognition ◽  
The Relationship

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are chronic and debilitating mental illnesses characterised by both cognitive impairments and sleep deficits. In this systematic review protocol, we outline an approach to examine the available literature investigating the relationship between sleep and cognition in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder.

scholarly journals Acoustic speech markers for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: a diagnostic and symptom-recognition tool

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
J. N. de Boer ◽  
A. E. Voppel ◽  
S. G. Brederoo ◽  
H. G. Schnack ◽  
K. P. Truong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Speech Technology ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Background Clinicians routinely use impressions of speech as an element of mental status examination. In schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, descriptions of speech are used to assess the severity of psychotic symptoms. In the current study, we assessed the diagnostic value of acoustic speech parameters in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, as well as its value in recognizing positive and negative symptoms. Methods Speech was obtained from 142 patients with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and 142 matched controls during a semi-structured interview on neutral topics. Patients were categorized as having predominantly positive or negative symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Acoustic parameters were extracted with OpenSMILE, employing the extended Geneva Acoustic Minimalistic Parameter Set, which includes standardized analyses of pitch (F0), speech quality and pauses. Speech parameters were fed into a random forest algorithm with leave-ten-out cross-validation to assess their value for a schizophrenia-spectrum diagnosis, and PANSS subtype recognition. Results The machine-learning speech classifier attained an accuracy of 86.2% in classifying patients with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and controls on speech parameters alone. Patients with predominantly positive v. negative symptoms could be classified with an accuracy of 74.2%. Conclusions Our results show that automatically extracted speech parameters can be used to accurately classify patients with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and healthy controls, as well as differentiate between patients with predominantly positive v. negatives symptoms. Thus, the field of speech technology has provided a standardized, powerful tool that has high potential for clinical applications in diagnosis and differentiation, given its ease of comparison and replication across samples.

Social Cognition and Interaction Training (SCIT) for inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Preliminary findings

2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis R. Combs ◽  
Scott D. Adams ◽  
David L. Penn ◽  
David Roberts ◽  
Joshua Tiegreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals A Randomized Clinical Trial of Oxytocin or Galantamine in Schizophrenia: Assessing the Impact on Behavioral, Lexical, and Self-Report Indicators of Social Affiliation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen R Dwyer ◽  
Alexandra M Andrea ◽  
Christina L G Savage ◽  
Ryan D Orth ◽  
LeeAnn Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Social Affiliation ◽  
Subjective Responses ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Prior studies examining the impact of oxytocin on negative symptoms in schizophrenia have yielded mixed results. The current study explored whether oxytocin can improve more proximal indicators of social affiliation as indicated by changes in behavior, language and subjective indices of social affiliation among individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders during a role-play designed to elicit affiliative responses. We tested the hypothesis that daily intranasal oxytocin administered for 6 weeks would improve social affiliation as manifested by increased social skill ratings, use of positive, affiliative, and social words, and subjective responses from a previously published randomized controlled trial. Forty outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomized to the oxytocin, galantamine, or placebo group and completed affiliative role-plays and self-report questionnaires of affect, reactions to the affiliative confederate, and willingness to interact at baseline and post-treatment. Results demonstrated that oxytocin was not effective at improving behavioral or subjective indicators of social affiliation. This study adds to a growing literature that the prosocial effects of oxytocin in schizophrenia are limited or null.

Variable Insight in OCD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Hamblin ◽  
Jennifer Moonjung Park ◽  
Monica S. Wu ◽  
Eric A. Storch
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often have good insight into the irrational nature of their obsessions and the excessive character of their compulsions, but insight exists along a continuum and is markedly poor in some patients. This chapter reviews the assessment and phenomenological correlates of variable insight in OCD in both pediatric and adult populations. It reviews the definition of insight and its relationship to the evolution of diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as the major assessment tools used to measure and quantify insight for clinical and research purposes. The relationships between insight and clinical characteristics of OCD, including symptom severity, comorbidity, and treatment response are reviewed, followed by a review of neurobiological correlates of insight and the relationship between poor insight and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

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