scholarly journals Racial/ethnic and immigrant differences in early childhood diet quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1308-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke LA de Hoog ◽  
Ken P Kleinman ◽  
Matthew W Gillman ◽  
Tanja GM Vrijkotte ◽  
Manon van Eijsden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Food ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Snack Food ◽  
Hispanic Children ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Explanatory Role ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Racial Ethnic

AbstractObjectiveTo assess racial/ethnic differences in the diet in young children and the explanatory role of maternal BMI, immigrant status and perception of child's weight.DesignAmong white, black and Hispanic 3-year-olds, we used negative binomial and linear regression to examine associations of race/ethnicity with foods and nutrients assessed by a validated FFQ.SettingProject Viva, Boston (MA), USA.SubjectsChildren aged 3 years (n 898).ResultsMean age was 38·3 (sd 2·8) months; 464 (52 %) were boys and 127 mothers (14 %) were immigrants. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, black and Hispanic children (v. white) had a higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (rate ratio (RR) = 2·59 (95 % CI 1·95, 3·48) and RR = 1·59 (95 % CI 1·07, 2·47), respectively) and lower intakes of skimmed/1 % milk (RR = 0·42 (95 % CI 0·33, 0·53) and RR = 0·43 (95 % CI 0·31, 0·61), respectively) and trans-fat (−0·10 (95 % CI −0·18, −0·03) % of energy and −0·15 (95 % CI −0·26, −0·04) % of energy, respectively). Among Hispanics only, a lower intake of snack food (RR = 0·83 (95 % CI 0·72, 0·98)) was found and among blacks only, a higher intake of fast food (RR = 1·28 (95 % CI 1·05, 1·55)) and lower intakes of saturated fat (−0·86 (95 % CI −1·48, −0·23) % of energy), dietary fibre (0·85 (95 % CI 0·08, 1·62) g/d) and Ca (−120 (95 % CI −175, −65) mg/d) were found. Being born outside the USA was associated with more healthful nutrient intakes and less fast food.ConclusionsThree-year-old black and Hispanic (v. white) children ate more sugar-sweetened beverages and less low-fat dairy. Total energy intake was substantially higher in Hispanic children. Snack food (Hispanic children) and fat intakes (black children) tended to be lower. Children of immigrants ate less fast food and bad fats and more fibre.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota composition in relation to intake of added sugar, sugar-sweetened beverages and artificially sweetened beverages in the Malmö Offspring Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Ramne ◽  
Louise Brunkwall ◽  
Ulrika Ericson ◽  
Nicola Gray ◽  
Gunter G. C. Kuhnle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Metagenomic Sequencing ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Multiple Testing Correction ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Artificially Sweetened Beverages

Abstract Purpose It has been suggested that a high intake of sugar or sweeteners may result in an unfavorable microbiota composition; however, evidence is lacking. Hence, in this exploratory epidemiological study, we aim to examine if intake of added sugar, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) or artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) associate with the gut microbiota composition. Methods Participants (18–70 years) in the Malmö Offspring Study have provided blood, urine, and fecal samples and completed both web-based 4 day food records and short food frequency questionnaires. The gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing, processed in QIIME and matched to Greengenes (v.13.8), giving 64 included genera after filtering. Intake of added sugar (n = 1371) (also supported by the overnight urinary sugar biomarker in a subgroup n = 577), SSBs (n = 1086) and ASBs (n = 1085) were examined as exposures in negative binomial regressions. Results Various genera nominally associated with intake of added sugar, SSBs, and ASBs. Only the negative association between SSB intake and Lachnobacterium remained significant after multiple testing correction. A positive association between SSB intake and the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio was also observed. Conclusion In this wide population, the cross-sectional associations between added sugar and sweet beverage intake and the gut microbiota are modest, but the results suggest that SSB intake is associated negatively with the genus Lachnobacterium and positively with the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio. Larger studies, preferably using metagenomic sequencing, are needed to further evaluate if a link exists between intake of sugars and sweeteners and the human gut microbiota.

scholarly journals Eating location is associated with the nutritional quality of the diet in Norwegian adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannicke B Myhre ◽  
Elin B Løken ◽  
Margareta Wandel ◽  
Lene F Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Private Households ◽  
At Home

AbstractObjectiveTo study the association between dinner eating location and the nutritional quality of the specific dinner meal and the whole-day dietary intake and to compare the diets of those consuming ≥25 % of energy out of home and at school/work (SOH; substantial out-of-home eaters) with those consuming <25 % of energy out (NSOH; non-substantial out-of-home eaters).DesignCross-sectional dietary survey using two non-consecutive 24 h recalls. Recorded eating locations were at home, other private households, work/school, restaurant/cafeteria/fast-food outlet and travel/meeting.SettingNationwide, Norway (2010–2011).SubjectsAdults aged 18–70 years (n 1746).ResultsDinners at restaurants and other private households were higher in energy than home dinners (P < 0·01). Restaurant dinners contained less fibre (g/MJ; P < 0·01) and had a higher percentage of alcohol consumers (P < 0·05), while dinners at other private households had a higher percentage of energy from sugar (P < 0·001) and a higher percentage of consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages (P < 0·05) than home dinners. Most differences between dinners consumed at different eating locations were also observed in dietary intakes for the whole day. SOH-eaters had a higher energy intake (P < 0·01), a higher percentage of energy from sugar (P < 0·01) and a lower fibre intake (P < 0·01) than NSOH-eaters. The percentages of consumers of alcohol and sugar-sweetened beverages were higher (P < 0·01) among SOH-eaters.ConclusionsDinner eating location was significantly associated with the nutritional quality of the diet, both for the specific dinner meal and for whole-day intake. Our data generally point to healthier dinners being consumed at home. SOH-eaters had a less favourable dietary intake than NSOH-eaters.

Socio-economic disparities in Australian adolescents’ eating behaviours

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2753-2758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Niven ◽  
Maree Scully ◽  
Belinda Morley ◽  
David Crawford ◽  
Louise A Baur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
School Students ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Economic Disparities ◽  
Sweetened Beverages

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the association between socio-economic position (SEP) and poor eating behaviours in a large representative sample of Australian secondary-school students.DesignCross-sectional survey of students’ vegetable, fruit, sugar-sweetened beverage and fast-food consumption assessed using validated instruments and collected via a web-based self-report format.SettingSecondary schools across all Australian states and territories.SubjectsSecondary-school students (n 12 188; response rate: 54 %) aged 12–17 years participating in the 2009–10 National Secondary Students’ Diet and Activity (NaSSDA) survey.ResultsOverall, 25 % of students reported consuming ≤1 serving of vegetables/d and 29 % reported eating ≤1 serving of fruit/d. Fourteen per cent of students reported drinking at least 1–2 cups of sugar-sweetened beverages/d while 9 % reported eating fast food ≥3 times/week. After adjusting for other demographic factors, students of lower-SEP areas were more likely to report low intake of vegetables (F(4, 231) = 3·61, P = 0·007) and high frequency of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (F(4, 231) = 8·41, P < 0·001) and fast food (F(4, 231) = 4·59, P = 0·001) compared with students of high-SEP neighbourhoods. A positive SEP association was found for fruit consumption among female students only (F(4, 231) = 4·20, P = 0·003). Those from lower-SEP areas were also more likely to engage in multiple poor eating behaviours (F(4, 231)=5·80, P < 0·001).ConclusionsResults suggest that socio-economic disparities in Australian adolescents’ eating behaviours do exist, with students residing in lower-SEP neighbourhoods faring less well than those from high-SEP neighbourhoods. Reducing social inequalities in eating behaviours among young people should be a key consideration of future preventive strategies.

scholarly journals The relationship of perceptions of tap water safety with intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and plain water among US adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J Onufrak ◽  
Sohyun Park ◽  
Joseph R Sharkey ◽  
Bettylou Sherry
Keyword(s):  
Water Intake ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Water Perceptions

AbstractObjectiveResearch is limited on whether mistrust of tap water discourages plain water intake and leads to a greater intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB). The objective of the present study was to examine demographic differences in perceptions of tap water safety and determine if these perceptions are associated with intake of SSB and plain water.DesignThe study examined perceptions of tap water safety and their cross-sectional association with intake of SSB and plain water. Racial/ethnic differences in the associations of tap water perceptions with SSB and plain water intake were also examined.SettingNationally weighted data from the 2010 HealthStyles Survey (n 4184).SubjectsUS adults aged ≥18 years.ResultsOverall, 13·0 % of participants disagreed that their local tap water was safe to drink and 26·4 % of participants agreed that bottled water was safer than tap water. Both mistrust of tap water safety and favouring bottled water differed by region, age, race/ethnicity, income and education. The associations of tap water mistrust with intake of SSB and plain water were modified by race/ethnicity (P < 0·05). Non-white racial/ethnic groups who disagreed that their local tap water was safe to drink were more likely to report low intake of plain water. The odds of consuming ≥1 SSB/d among Hispanics who mistrusted their local tap water was twice that of Hispanics who did not (OR = 2·0; 95 % CI 1·2, 3·3).ConclusionsPublic health efforts to promote healthy beverages should recognize the potential impact of tap water perceptions on water and SSB intake among minority populations.

scholarly journals The association of dietary diabetes risk reduction score and its components with risk of metabolic syndrome incident in Tehranian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Hossein Farhadnejad ◽  
Farshad Teymoori ◽  
Golaleh Asghari ◽  
Karim Parastouei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Adjusted Model

Abstract Background Evidence of possible beneficial effects of dietary diabetes risk reduction score (DDRRS) on reducing the risk of various chronic diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) are limited. This is a prospective, population-based cohort study, which aimed to investigate the relationship of the DDRRS and its components with MetS incident in Iranian adults. Methods Individuals without MetS (n=3561) were recruited from participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (2009-2011) and followed for a mean of 6.01 years. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to determine the DDRRS using based on eight components, including higher intakes of cereal fiber, nuts, coffee, and polyunsaturated: saturated fat ratio and lower intakes of red or processed meats, sugar-sweetened beverages, trans fatty acids, and low glycemic index. We used the multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine the odds ratio (ORs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) of MetS across the tertiles of DDRRS. Results The mean (SD) age of individuals was 38.1(12.6) years at baseline. Median (25-75 interquartile range) DDRRS for all participants was 20(18-22). During the study follow-up, 682(19.1 %) new cases of MetS were reported. Based on the age and sex-adjusted model, participants in highest tertile of DDRRS had lower risk of MetS in compared with the lowest one (OR=0.64;95 %CI:0.52-0.79, P for trend=0.001). In the multivariable adjusted model, after adjustment for all possible confounding variables, the risk of MetS is decreased across tertiles of DDRRS (OR=0.60;95 %CI:0.48-0.75, P for trend=0.001). Also, higher scores of some DDRRS components including red and processed meat, sugar sweetened beverages, and coffee were related to decreased incidence of MetS. Conclusions The results of this study revealed that greater adherence to DDRRS can be associated with decreased risk of MetS in Iranian adult.

scholarly journals Sugar Sweetened Beverages Consumption among University Students of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munmun Shabnam Bipasha ◽  
Tahsin Sharmila Raisa ◽  
Shatabdi Goon
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Sugary Beverages

Drinking large amounts of sugary beverages can increase the risk of gaining weight and developing Type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and other metabolic diseases. This study examined the preference, prevalence and pattern of sugar sweetened beverages consumption among university students of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was carried out from February to April, 2017 among students attending in a private university of Bangladesh. One hundred fifty undergraduates responded (83.4% male, 15.9% female) in this study. Most students (95.4%) reported sugared beverage intake and 53.6% reported more than two days in a week intake. Male students were more likely than female students to report regular sugary beverages intake (85.4% vs. 14.5%). The main reasons for fast food consumption were: good taste and refreshing (80.1%), cost effective (6.6%), easy accessibility (2.6%), increased convenience (8.6%), peer influence (1.3%). Good taste and price were the most important factors in choosing beverages. Coca-Cola (49%), Fanta (25.8%), Sprite(9.9%) and Slice(14.6%) has been reported as mostly consumed beverages among students. Most students (54.5%) reported sugary beverages purchase from neighborhood convenient stores. 94.5% students said that if they would provide with healthful beverages within their food environment, they would prefer drinking healthful beverages (lemon water, non-sugary beverages) instead of sugar beverages. Self-reported sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among undergraduates is substantial and likely contributes considerable non-nutritive calories, which may contribute to weight gain. Specific health education programs, dietary guidelines and effective public awareness campaigns could be initiated to address the unhealthy drinking pattern of university students and improve their health.

scholarly journals Unhealthy Lifestyle Associated with Higher Intake of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages among Malaysian School-Aged Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Ying Gan ◽  
Siti Fathiah Mohamed ◽  
Leh Shii Law
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Home Food ◽  
Home Food Availability

High consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) among adolescents has turned into a global concern due to its negative impact on health. This cross-sectional study determined the amount of SSB consumption among adolescents and its associated factors. A total of 421 adolescents aged 13.3 ± 1.3 years (41.8% males, 58.2% females) completed a self-administered questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity, screen-viewing behavior, sleep quality, frequency of eating at fast food restaurants, home food availability, peer social pressure, parenting practice, and SSB consumption. Weight and height were measured. Results showed that the mean daily consumption of SSBs among adolescents was 1038.15 ± 725.55 mL. The most commonly consumed SSB was malted drink, while the least commonly consumed SSB was instant coffee. The multiple linear regression results revealed that younger age (β = −0.204, p < 0.001), higher physical activity (β = 0.125, p = 0.022), higher screen time (β = 0.147, p = 0.007), poorer sleep quality (β = 0.228, p < 0.001), and unhealthy home food availability (β = 0.118, p = 0.032) were associated with a higher SSB intake. Therefore, promoting a healthy lifestyle may help to reduce the excessive consumption of SSBs among adolescents.

scholarly journals Energy balance and occupational activity as predictors of obesity risk in women.

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Torquati ◽  
Gregore I. Mielke ◽  
Tracy L. Kolbe-Alexander ◽  
Wendy J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Obesity Risk ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

AbstractReduced occupational energy expenditure and increased energy intake are important contributors to the increasing prevalence of obesity. The aim of this study was to examine whether sedentary occupations, and specific indicators of energy intake and expenditure are associated with obesity risk in Australian women. Data were from 3,444 participants in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, who reported their weight, dietary intake, physical activity and occupation in 2009 (at age 31–36), and weight in 2012. Participants were categorised as having a ‘less sedentary’ or ‘sedentary work’, based on occupation and activity patterns at work. Multivariate models were conducted to examine the odds of being obese (> 30 body-mass index) and risk of obesity in the two occupational groups based on energy balance factors (diet and physical activity). Models were adjusted for major confounders (smoking, education, income, number of children).There was no significant difference in the prevalence of obesity between groups (20.3% less sedentary vs 22.7% sedentary work, p = 0.11) at baseline. Being in the highest total energy intake tertile, saturated fat intake > 35g/d and drinking 3 or more sugar-sweetened beverages per week increased the odds of being obese in both groups. But to a higher extent in ‘less sedentary work’ (OR 2.11 95%CI 1.41–3.19; OR 3.04 95%CI 2.09–4.45; 2.07 95%CI 1.45–2.97, respectively). High physical activity (> 1000MET.min/week) was consistently associated with lower odds of being obese (OR 0.64 95%CI 0.43–0.97 ‘less sedentary’; OR 0.58 95%CI 0.36–0.93 ‘sedentary work’) but lower incidence of obesity only in ‘less sedentary work’ group (IRR 0.52 95%CI 0.30–0.88, absolute risk 14%). High sugar-sweetened beverages increased the incidence of obesity only in this group (IRR 1.72 95%CI 1.08–2.73, absolute risk 23%). Having a sedentary work per se did not play a major role in obesity prevalence and risk in women. Instead, high saturated fat and SSB intake, and physical inactivity remained the major contributors to obesity prevalence and risk, particularly for those in less sedentary jobs.

scholarly journals Mediterranean diet, sociodemographic factors and ultra-processed food consumption in Portugal

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Moraes ◽  
B Oliveira ◽  
C Afonso ◽  
C Santos ◽  
R C Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
High Adherence

Abstract Background Mediterranean diet has been shown to promote beneficial effects on health, while ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has been associated with lower diet quality and higher risk for non-communicable diseases. Our aims were to explore the adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) in Portugal and its association with sociodemographic factors and UPF consumption. Methods Participants were from the Portuguese National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2015-2016, aged 18-84y (n = 3,852). CAPI face-to-face interviews were used including 2 dietary 24-h recalls. UPF were identified using NOVA classification. Adherence to MDP was defined by the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), which may vary from 0 to 9. MDS≥6 was considered as high adherence. Weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore associations of high adherence to MDP with sex, age, region, educational level, family income and dietary share of UPF groups. Results High adherence to MDP was observed for 19.6% of participants and was inversely associated with higher consumption of UPF, namely, sugar-sweetened beverages (OR = 0.924; 95%CI 0.883-0.966), confectionery (OR = 0.893; 95%CI 0.816-0.977), sweet snacks (OR = 0.953; 95%CI 0.923-0.985), cakes/desserts (OR = 0.956; 95%CI 0.934-0.978) and meat products (OR = 0.922; 95%CI 0.874-0.972). Being female (OR = 0.629; 95%CI 0.471-0.841) and not from the North or Alentejo regions were inversely associated with high adherence to MDP. There was no relation between income and adherence to MDP. The higher the level of education or age, the higher the odds of high adherence to MDP (OR = 2.573; 95%CI 1.741-3.803 and OR = 1.028; 95%CI 1.020-1.037, respectively). Conclusions Actions to improve adherence to MDP in Portugal should consider discouraging UPF consumption and be addressed to specific subgroups. Funding POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032090 (FCT/FEDER); FAPESP 2018/07391-9, 2019/05972-7 (MCR), 2016/14302-7 (FR). Key messages High adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern was observed for near 20% of Potuguese over 18 years old. The higher the level of education or age, the higher the odds of high adherence to MDP. High adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern was inversely associated with higher consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, confectionery, sweet snacks, cakes/desserts and meat products.

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