Clustering of adherence to personalised dietary recommendations and changes in healthy eating index within the Food4Me study

AbstractObjectiveTo characterise clusters of individuals based on adherence to dietary recommendations and to determine whether changes in Healthy Eating Index (HEI) scores in response to a personalised nutrition (PN) intervention varied between clusters.DesignFood4Me study participants were clustered according to whether their baseline dietary intakes met European dietary recommendations. Changes in HEI scores between baseline and month 6 were compared between clusters and stratified by whether individuals received generalised or PN advice.SettingPan-European, Internet-based, 6-month randomised controlled trial.SubjectsAdults aged 18–79 years (n 1480).ResultsIndividuals in cluster 1 (C1) met all recommended intakes except for red meat, those in cluster 2 (C2) met two recommendations, and those in cluster 3 (C3) and cluster 4 (C4) met one recommendation each. C1 had higher intakes of white fish, beans and lentils and low-fat dairy products and lower percentage energy intake from SFA (P<0·05). C2 consumed less chips and pizza and fried foods than C3 and C4 (P<0·05). C1 were lighter, had lower BMI and waist circumference than C3 and were more physically active than C4 (P<0·05). More individuals in C4 were smokers and wanted to lose weight than in C1 (P<0·05). Individuals who received PN advice in C4 reported greater improvements in HEI compared with C3 and C1 (P<0·05).ConclusionsThe cluster where the fewest recommendations were met (C4) reported greater improvements in HEI following a 6-month trial of PN whereas there was no difference between clusters for those randomised to the Control, non-personalised dietary intervention.

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Dietary intervention in patients with age-related macular degeneration: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024774 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. e024774 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Diana Tang ◽

Paul Mitchell ◽

Victoria Flood ◽

Annette Kifley ◽

Alison Hayes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Empirical Evaluation ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Dietary Recommendations ◽

Phone Calls ◽

Age Related ◽

Randomised Controlled

IntroductionAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness. After smoking, nutrition is the key modifiable factor in reducing AMD incidence and progression, and no other preventative treatments are currently available. At present, there is an evidence–practice gap of dietary recommendations made by eye care practitioners and those actually practised by patients with AMD. To address this gap, a telephone-delivered dietary intervention tailored to patients with AMD will be piloted. The study aims to improve dietary intake and behaviours in patients with AMD. This type of nutrition-focused healthcare is currently not considered in the long-term management of AMD and represents the first empirical evaluation of a telephone-supported application encouraging adherence to dietary recommendations for AMD.Methods and analysis140 participants with AMD will be recruited for this randomised controlled trial. Those lacking English fluency; unwilling to engage in the intervention or provide informed consent were excluded. Following the completion of the baseline questionnaire, participants will be randomised into one of two arms: intervention or wait-list control (70 each in the intervention and control groups). Intervention participants will receive a detailed mail-delivered workbook containing information on healthy eating behaviours that promote optimal macular health, as well as scheduled phone calls over 4 months from an accredited practising dietitian. Descriptive statistics and multivariate stepwise linear regressions analyses will be used to summarise and determine the changes in dietary intakes, respectively. Economic analysis will be conducted to determine intervention feasibility and possibility of a large-scale rollout.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the University of Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) (Reference: HREC 2018/219). Study findings will be disseminated via presentations at national/international conferences and peer-reviewed journal articles.Trial registration numberACTRN12618000527268; Pre-results.

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Fat mass- and obesity-associated genotype, dietary intakes and anthropometric measures in European adults: the Food4Me study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114515004675 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 115 (3) ◽

pp. 440-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Katherine M. Livingstone ◽

Carlos Celis-Morales ◽

Santiago Navas-Carretero ◽

Rodrigo San-Cristobal ◽

Hannah Forster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Risk Variant ◽

Fried Food ◽

Risk Alleles ◽

Randomised Controlled

AbstractThe interplay between the fat mass- and obesity-associated (FTO) gene variants and diet has been implicated in the development of obesity. The aim of the present analysis was to investigate associations between FTO genotype, dietary intakes and anthropometrics among European adults. Participants in the Food4Me randomised controlled trial were genotyped for FTO genotype (rs9939609) and their dietary intakes, and diet quality scores (Healthy Eating Index and PREDIMED-based Mediterranean diet score) were estimated from FFQ. Relationships between FTO genotype, diet and anthropometrics (weight, waist circumference (WC) and BMI) were evaluated at baseline. European adults with the FTO risk genotype had greater WC (AAv. TT: +1·4 cm; P=0·003) and BMI (+0·9 kg/m2; P=0·001) than individuals with no risk alleles. Subjects with the lowest fried food consumption and two copies of the FTO risk variant had on average 1·4 kg/m2 greater BMI (Ptrend=0·028) and 3·1 cm greater WC (Ptrend=0·045) compared with individuals with no copies of the risk allele and with the lowest fried food consumption. However, there was no evidence of interactions between FTO genotype and dietary intakes on BMI and WC, and thus further research is required to confirm or refute these findings.

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Telehealth versus self-directed lifestyle intervention to promote healthy blood pressure: a protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044292 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e044292

Author(s):

Mohamed Taher ◽

Christina Yule ◽

Heather Bonaparte ◽

Sara Kwiecien ◽

Charlotte Collins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Web Based ◽

Randomised Controlled

IntroductionWeight loss, consumption of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension dietary pattern, reduced sodium intake and increased physical activity have been shown to lower blood pressure (BP). Use of web-based tools and telehealth to deliver lifestyle counselling could be potentially scalable solutions to improve BP through behavioural modification though limited data exists to support these approaches in clinical practice.Methods and analysisThis randomised controlled trial will compare the efficacy of a telehealth versus self-directed lifestyle intervention in lowering 24-hour SBP in patients with overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥25 kg/m2) and 24-hour SBP 120–160 mm Hg. All participants receive personalised recommendations to improve dietary quality based on a web-based Food Frequency Questionnaire, access to an online comprehensive weight management programme and a smartphone dietary app. The telehealth arm additionally includes weekly calls with registered dietitian nutritionists who use motivational interviewing. The primary outcome is change from baseline to 12 weeks in 24-hour SBP. Secondary outcomes include changes from baseline in 24-hour diastolic BP, daytime SBP, nighttime SP, daytime diastolic BP, nighttime diastolic BP, total Healthy Eating Index-2015 score, weight, waist circumference and physical activity. Other prespecified outcomes will include change in individual components of the Healthy Eating Index-2015 score, and satisfaction with the Healthy BP research study measured on a 5-point Likert scale.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the Geisinger Institutional Review Board. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration numberNCT03700710.

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P692 Exploring relationships between microbiome, faecal calprotectin and healthy eating index in patients with ulcerative colitis: Interim analyses of a randomised controlled trial

Journal of Crohn s and Colitis ◽

10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz203.820 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S562-S562

Author(s):

M Raman ◽

L Taylor ◽

A Schick ◽

C Ohland ◽

K McCoy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ulcerative Colitis ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Community Diversity ◽

Faecal Calprotectin ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Over Time

Abstract Background This study explored relationships between gut microbiome, faecal calprotectin (FCP) and an adapted Canadian healthy eating index (CHEI) in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients enrolled in a randomised controlled dietary intervention trial. Methods Patients with both active and quiescent disease were recruited from the Foothills Medical Center in Calgary, Alberta, Canada and randomised to either an 8-week reduced sulfur anti-inflammatory diet intervention (INT; n = 14) or conventional management control group (CM; n = 10). Each INT patient met with a registered dietitian for diet teaching, in person at baseline, over the phone at 2 weeks, and in person at 4 weeks. Stool samples and 24-h dietary recalls were collected at baseline and 8 weeks. DNA from stool samples was extracted and the V4 region of the 16S gene was sequenced. FCP was extracted and analyzed using the EK-CAL ELISA. An adapted CHEI was generated from diet recalls using previously validated scoring guidelines. Relationships between variables were analyzed using analysis of variance and chi-squared. Results Mean age of the sample was 36.3 (SD=8.7) and 58% were male. Baseline medications included aminosalicylates (71%), steroids (50%), biologics (33%), immunosuppressants (25%) and 21% of patients had taken antibiotics within the last 3 months. Α-diversity, or within-community diversity, significantly increased in the CM group and remained stable in the INT group over time (p = 0.005). Β-diversity, or between-community diversity appeared to increase in the intervention group over time (p < 0.01); however, this may have been influenced by antibiotic use in five patients. Significant differential features between the CM and INT groups (p < 0.01) at the genus level were identified in the phyla Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, specifically Catenibacterium, Parvimonas, Coprococcus_2 and Desulfovibrio. FCP appeared to be different between the groups (p = 0.05) with a greater percentage of INT patients moving from high FCP (>250 mg/g) to low FCP (<250 mg/g); 50% of INT patients and 20% of CM patients normalised FCP levels. As CHEI increased in the whole sample, indicating higher diet quality, FCP decreased significantly (p = 0.04). Conclusion In an interim analysis, a dietary intervention shows efficacy in manipulating the microbiome. Higher diet scores representing a healthier diet were also related to lower faecal calprotectin levels.

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Factors influencing engagement and dietary behaviour change of mothers and their children in a blog-delivered healthy eating intervention: a process evaluation of a randomised controlled trial

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898002000484x ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Audrée-Anne Dumas ◽

Simone Lemieux ◽

Annie Lapointe ◽

Véronique Provencher ◽

Julie Robitaille ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Process Evaluation ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Quebec City ◽

Food Groups ◽

Randomised Controlled

Abstract Objective: A randomised controlled trial found no evidence of an impact of a blog written by a registered dietitian (RD) on vegetables and fruit and milk and alternatives (e.g. soya-based beverages, yogurt and cheese) consumption – two food groups included in the 2007 version of the Canadian Food Guide – in mothers and their children compared with a control condition. To investigate these null findings, the current study explored participants’ perceptions of engagement with the blog and its influence on their dietary behaviours. Design: Mixed methods process evaluation using a post-intervention satisfaction questionnaire and a content analysis of mothers’ comments on the blog (n 213 comments). Setting: French-speaking adult mothers living in Quebec City, Quebec, Canada (n 26; response rate = 61·9 % of the total sample randomised to exposure to the blog). Results: Most mothers (n 20/26; 76·9 %) perceived the blog useful to improve their dietary habits – with the most appreciated blog features being nutritional information and healthy recipes and interactions with fellow participants and the RD. Mothers reported several facilitators (e.g. meal planning and involving children in household food activities) and few barriers (e.g. lack of time and children’s food preferences) to maternal and child consumption of vegetables and fruit and milk and alternatives. Lack of time was the principal reported barrier affecting blog engagement. Conclusions: The findings from the current study suggest that blogs written by an RD may be an acceptable format of intervention delivery among mothers, but may not alleviate all the barriers to healthy eating and engagement in a dietary intervention.

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Effect of a Tailored Dietary Intervention with High or Standard Protein Intake on B-Vitamin and One Carbon Metabolism Status in Healthy Older Males: A 10 Week Randomised Controlled Trial

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019008019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Nicola Gillies ◽

Amber M. Milan ◽

Pankaja Sharma ◽

Brenan Durainayagam ◽

Sarah M. Mitchell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Carbon Metabolism ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

One Carbon Metabolism ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

B Vitamin ◽

Standard Protein ◽

Older Males

Background: Maintaining optimal status of folate and metabolically [...]

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Randomised-controlled trial of a web-based dietary intervention for patients with type 2 diabetes: changes in health cognitions and glycemic control

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-018-5640-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Amutha Ramadas ◽

Carina Ka Yee Chan ◽

Brian Oldenburg ◽

Zanariah Hussein ◽

Kia Fatt Quek

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Web Based ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Health Cognitions

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Abstract P109: Plasma Metabolomic Signature Of Healthy Dietary Patterns In The Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.p109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Hyunju Kim ◽

Cheryl A Anderson ◽

Emily A Hu ◽

Zihe Zheng ◽

Lawrence J Appel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Healthy Eating ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Plasma Metabolites ◽

Dietary Intakes ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Double Bonds ◽

Disease Associations

Introduction: In individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), healthy dietary patterns are inversely associated with CKD progression. Metabolomics, an approach which measures many small molecules in biofluids, can identify biomarkers of healthy dietary patterns and elucidate metabolic pathways underlying diet-disease associations. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that adherence to 4 healthy dietary patterns would be associated with a set of known metabolites in CKD patients. Methods: We examined associations between 634 plasma metabolites assessed using the Broad platform at year 1 and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), and their food components in 1,117 participants in the CRIC Study. Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline and year 2. We conducted multivariable linear regression models to study associations between diet scores and individual plasma metabolites, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and clinical factors. Results: After Bonferroni correction, we identified a total of 362 diet-metabolite associations (HEI=78; AHEI=127; DASH=97; aMED=60), and 101 metabolites were associated with more than 1 dietary pattern. The most common metabolite categories were triacylglycerols and diacylglycerols. Most lipids were negatively associated with healthy dietary patterns, except for cholesterols esters and triacylglycerols with ≥7 double bonds. Triacylglycerols with high number of double bonds were positively associated with healthy fat intake (e.g., higher monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid, omega-3 fatty acid, fish) within HEI, AHEI, and aMED ( Table ). Conclusions: We identified many metabolites associated with healthy dietary patterns, indicative of food consumption. If replicated, they may be considered biomarkers of healthy dietary patterns in CKD patients.

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