Quantitative Elemental Analysis of the Components of Pb Exposed Cells Of Plectonema Boryanum Using Regular and Overplus Cells: an Energy Disspersive X-Ray Spectroscopy Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (S2) ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
J.J. Goldberg ◽  
T.E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Plectonema Boryanum ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tem Mode ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Polyphosphate Bodies ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

The elemental composition of polyphosphate bodies (PPB’s) and other components of the cell have previously been determined by using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometers(EDX). In this present study we perform a quantitative analysis or normally grown cells and cells that were grown in the overplus phenomenon.Cells of Plectonema boryanum were grown in modified Fitzgerald's media and harvested after a logarithmic growth phase of 14 days. The overplus cells were grown as has been previously described2. The cells were exposed to l00ppm of lead, as well as other metals separately, for one hour. The cells were then fixed and embedded in EPON according to Luft's procedure.For X-ray analysis cells were first located using the TEM mode, and then the microscope was switched to the STEM mode. Analysis of cell components were carried out using the spot mode (75Kv).

Quantitative Analysis of Metal Sequestering in Different Cell Components of Gloeocapsa alpicola in the Overplus Phase

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (S2) ◽  
pp. 908-909
Author(s):  
J.J. Goldberg ◽  
T.E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tem Mode ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Polyphosphate Bodies ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

The elemental composition of polyphosphate bodies (PPB's) and other components of the cell have previously been determined by using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometers(EDX). In this present study we perform a quantitative analysis of normally grown cells and cells that were grown in the overplus phenomenon.Cells of Gloeocapsa alpicola were grown in modified Fitzgerald's media and harvested after a logarithmic growth phase of 14 days. The overplus cells were grown, as has been previously described. The cells were exposed to 20ppm of Al, Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn, as well as a control, for one hour. The cells were then air dried on formvar coated grids or fixed and embedded in EPON according to Luft's procedure.For Xn-ay analysis cells were first located using the TEM mode, and then the microscope was switched to the STEM mode. Analyses of cell components were carried out using the spot mode (75Kv).

Quantitative elemental analysis of bacterial polyphosphate bodies using scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 802-803
Author(s):  
J. Goldberg ◽  
H. Gonzalez ◽  
T.E. Jensen ◽  
W.A. Corpe
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Mode Analysis ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Tem Mode ◽  
Cell Components ◽  
Polyphosphate Bodies

The elemental composition of polyphosphate bodies (PPB's) has been determined qualitatively previously using energy dispersive x-ray spectrometers (EDX) and in bodies isolated from cells. In this present study we determine in several bacteria their quantitative elemental composition using EDX in conjunction with a STEM.Bacteria were grown as previously described or were collected from natural sources. Portions of each sample were air dried on formvar coated grids. Separate samples were fixed and embedded in Epon. For x-ray analysis cells of interest were first located using the TEM mode. The microscope was then switched to the STEM mode. Analysis of cell components was carried out in the spot mode (75 kV) of the STEM. The spot diameter at 100,000x is approximately 20nm. The objective lens current was adjusted so a total x-ray count of 600 to 1,000 cps was attained for the 100 sec. count time. Spectra were collected on a PGT IMIX (EDX). The data was analyzed using a bulk sample analysis program (ZAF method) in standardless mode (w/w). Latex spheres of known density (1.05 g per cu cent) and volume were analyzed to obtain a standard (mass/weight).

Quantitative Elemental Analysis of Heavy Metal Exposed Cells of Synechococcus Leopoliensis Using Regular and Overplus Cells: An Energy Disspersive X-Ray Spectroscopy Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (S2) ◽  
pp. 586-587
Author(s):  
J.J. Goldberg ◽  
T.E. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Metal Sequestration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Synechococcus Leopoliensis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Tem Mode ◽  
Polyphosphate Bodies

It has previously been shown that microbial polyphosphate bodies are the main sites of metal sequestration. In our present study, we have exposed Synechococcus leopoliensis, grown to log phase and to overplus phase, to five different heavy metals, Al, Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn, independently. The cells were analyzed using the STEM mode of a transmission electron microscope in conjunction with a PGT IMIX energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer.Cells of Synechococcus leopoliensis were grown for two weeks at 21°C on a 12-hour light/dark cycle in modified Fizgerald’s medium The second cell type were the overplus cells, which were grown as previously described. The cells were exposed to 100PPM of each metal for two hours, then were fixed and embedded in EPON according to Luff’s procedure.For x-ray analysis, cells of interest were first located using the TEM mode. The microscope was then switched to the STEM mode.

scholarly journals Sulfur Valence-to-Core X-ray Emission Spectroscopy Study of Lithium Sulfur Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Petric ◽  
Matjaž Kavčič ◽  
Ava Rajh ◽  
Alen Vizintin ◽  
Robert Dominko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

In this work the valence-to-core (VtC) Kβ sulfur X-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) was used to perform quantitative analysis of different sulfur compounds produced in the lithium sulfur (Li-S) battery during...

scholarly journals X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of interaction of Np5+ with goethite α-FeOOH

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury Teterin ◽  
Stepan Kalmykov ◽  
Alexander Novikov ◽  
Yury Sapozhnikov ◽  
Labud Vukchevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Background Electrolyte ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ionic Force

Neptunyl NpO2n+ complexes on the surface of goethite ?-(FeOOH) resulted from the interaction of neptunyl nitrate (NpO2NO3, 10-6 M) in the aqueous media with the background electrolyte (NaClO4) of ionic force 0.1 M (pH = 7.0 ? 0.2) were formed and studied with the X-ray photo electron spectroscopy. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ionic and elemental quantitative analysis of the goethite and products of its interaction with neptunyl and plutonyl nitrates was carried out. It was established that during the studied neptunyl nitrate - goethite interaction Np4+ and Np6+ com pounds did not to form, while the complexes of neptunyl group NpO21+ containing Np5+ ions with oxygen, water and/or car bon ate ions in the equatorial planes did.

Health Informatics of Composite Nanoparticles as an Effective Contrast Agent in Magnetic Resonance Imaging and for Glioblastoma Radiosensitization

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2825-2833
Author(s):  
Yuehan Dong ◽  
Liyu Xu ◽  
Gang Qin ◽  
Xiao Zhao ◽  
Xinlei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Composite Nanoparticles ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Proliferation Rate ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Background: Radiation therapy is a method using radiation to treat tumors, and has become commonly used and most effective treatments for malignant tumors. However, radiotherapy still has the shortcomings of high radiation dose, especially radiation resistance of tumor cells. Multifunctional nanoradiosensitizers can enhance the radiosensitivity of tumor cells and improving the effect of radiotherapy. Hyaluronic acid-functionalized ironbismuth composite particles are an effective contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and can be used as radiosensitizers. Method: Hyaluronic acid-functionalized iron-bismuth composite nanoparticles HABilOPs can be prepared by a hydrothermal polyol method. In the cytotoxicity experiment, we took human glioblastoma cell line U87MG in logarithmic growth phase and rat vascular smooth muscle cells. We set different mass concentrations of 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 100, and 300 mg/LHA-BMOPs was cultured for 48 h to calculate the cell proliferation rate. In the histocompatibility experiment, we injected HA-BilOPs solution into the tail vein of ICR mice to observe the pathological changes of mouse organs. In the radiosensitization experiment, we took U87MG cells in logarithmic growth phase for group culture. X-ray irradiation of 0, 3, 6, 9 Gy was given, and the HA-BilOPs group was added with culture medium of different mass concentration of LHA-BilOPs, and the combined group was added to the culture medium of different mass concentration of HA-BilOPs first, and then given X-ray irradiation of 0, 3, 6, 9 Gy. To analyse the features of glioblastoma, the conventional MRI manifestations of glioblastoma were examined. Results: We found that different concentrations of HA-BilOPs had no significant effect on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and U87MG cells. It was found that no pathological changes occurred in mouse organs after tail vein injection of HA-BilOPs solution. Nanoparticles can be phagocytosed by U87MG cells and it was found that U87MG cell proliferation rate had a significant linear negative correlation with HA-BilOPs mass concentration (0–200 mg/L) and radiation dose (0–9 Gy). At 6 Gy X Under irradiation, 200 mg/L HA-BilOPs reduced the cell proliferation rate to (41± 7)%. Using 100 mg/L HA-BilOPs and 6 Gy X-ray irradiation for colony formation experiments, the proliferation rate of U87MG cells in the combined group was statistically lower than that of the blank control group and radiotherapy group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Hyaluronic acid-functionalized iron-bismuth composite nanoparticles have a significant radiosensitizing effect on glioblastoma and proved to be a good contrast agent used in MRI.

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

Quantification of Silica Uptake by Alveolar Macrophages - An Emperical Scanning Electron Microprobe Method

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
V. V. Damiano ◽  
R. P. Daniele ◽  
H. T. Tucker ◽  
J. H. Dauber
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Calibration Standards ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accurate Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

An important example of intracellular particles is encountered in silicosis where alveolar macrophages ingest inspired silica particles. The quantitation of the silica uptake by these cells may be a potentially useful method for monitoring silica exposure. Accurate quantitative analysis of ingested silica by phagocytic cells is difficult because the particles are frequently small, irregularly shaped and cannot be visualized within the cells. Semiquantitative methods which make use of particles of known size, shape and composition as calibration standards may be the most direct and simplest approach to undertake. The present paper describes an empirical method in which glass microspheres were used as a model to show how the ratio of the silicon Kα peak X-ray intensity from the microspheres to that of a bulk sample of the same composition correlated to the mass of the microsphere contained within the cell. Irregular shaped silica particles were also analyzed and a calibration curve was generated from these data.

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