Iodine and the brain

2010 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
The World ◽  
Mild Deficiency ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Brain

In a nutshellIodine is required for thyroid hormone production, which is crucial to brain development. Iodine deficiency is widespread throughout the world, and mild deficiency is surprisingly common in developed countries.There is some good evidence that even milder deficiencies are associated with cognitive deficit. Public health policy is important (e.g. iodine fortification of salt), but also clinicians should be aware of individual iodine status, especially in pregnant women and children.

scholarly journals The relationship of urbanization with the formation and implementation of public health policy in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 59-69
Author(s):  
О. І. Деміхов
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the research is to study and find out the modern foreign technologies of public health policy in the context of the impact of urbanization processes, to explore the possibilities of implementation of best practices in Ukraine.Materials. Peculiarities of public health policy implementation in developed countries in the context of population density increase and agglomeration expansion are described in the article. The study is based on the analysis of statistics, publications in the media and scientific articles. The comparative statistical analysis of the countries of the world on the incidence of the incidence of different species and the correlation of these processes with the urbanization dynamics is made in the article. Expert assessments of UN and World Health Organization experts on processes of concentration of population around the world, deterioration of living conditions, quality of health, morbidity and appropriate prevention, promotion of healthy lifestyle and quality control of goods, works and services for the population are given in the article. Particular emphasis is placed on the environmental problems of densely populated areas, including through the proliferation of motor vehicles, substandard housing and uncontrolled industrial emissions. The connection of the dynamics of urbanization with the increase of the sedentary lifestyle of the citizens is also described. The urban way of life is assessed as requiring immediate influence by public health policy makers. The current experience of foreign public administration and public policy entities on a proactive approach to shaping the concept of public health in the context of urban transformation in society can be used in Ukraine. Practical results of the work of state institutions in developed countries should be implemented in Ukraine. Conclusions. On the example of the positive experience of the capitalist countries of the world, the further directions of the development of public health policy in Ukraine in the conditions of deepening urbanization processes are clearly defined.

Influencing international policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 348-357
Author(s):  
Tim Lang ◽  
Martin Caraher
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Policy Action ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
International Policy ◽  
International Policies ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

This chapter will help you understand: the relationships between international policy and policy action at multiple levels; why public health practitioners should build an international dimension into their work; how to influence and advance public health internationally, even through local action. The chapter uses examples from the world of food and health policy (on which the authors work) to illustrate the structures and processes of engagement you may encounter. In the policy worlds of both global public health and food, there is a mix of improvement and threats, inequalities alongside progress, fragmentation, and coherence. Similar trends in the global South and developed countries may have underlying drivers at work, resulting in the double burden of disease. It is preferable to ensure that international policies tackle rather than ignore those determinants.

scholarly journals Cerebral Cystic Echinococcosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abolghasem Siyadatpanah ◽  
Enrico Brunetti ◽  
Amir Emami Zeydi ◽  
Yousef Dadi Moghadam ◽  
Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cestode Species ◽  
Iranian Patient ◽  
The World ◽  
The Brain

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected helminthic disease and major public health problem in several regions of the world. The zoonosis is caused by the larval stage of different cestode species belonging to the genus Echinococcus. CE can affect any organ with the liver and lungs being most commonly involved. The brain is involved in less than 2% of the cases. We report a case of a CE1 echinococcal cyst of the brain in an Iranian patient.

On the Brain Drain of Africans to America: Some Methodological Observations

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Nii-Amoo Dodoo ◽  
Baffour Takyi ◽  
Jesse Mann
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Relative Comparisons ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

AbstractRecurring debates about the impact of the brain drain— the developing world's loss of human capital to more developed countries—has motivated estimation of the magnitude of the phenomenon, most recently by the World Bank. Although frequently cited as a key contributor to Africa's wanting development record, what constitutes the "brain-drain" is not always clearly defined. Today, in the absence of an accounting system, resolution of the definitional and measurement question depends on relative comparisons of measurement variants, which will identify definitional shortcomings by clarifying the merits and demerits of these variants, and thereby suggest corrective imputations. This paper compares the World Bank's approach to a chronological precedent (Dodoo 1997) to clarify the value of variant comparisons. The resultant implications for corrections are also discussed.

Public health policy in developed countries

2021 ◽  
pp. 323-338
Author(s):  
John Powles ◽  
Hebe Gouda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Underlying Theme ◽  
Improve Health

Public health policies might thus be thought of as the policies that guide these ‘organized efforts’ to protect and improve health. The scope of such policies depends a good deal, however, on what is considered to be entailed by ‘organized efforts’. and on how centrally ‘organized efforts’ are understood to be related to efforts that are more decentralized, more informal, less organized, perhaps even ‘spontaneous’. The relative importance and legitimacy of centralized versus decentralized uses of knowledge in protecting and enhancing health is a common underlying theme in discussion of public health policy. This chapter discusses public health policy, and differences in outcomes, across different developed countries.

Worldwide Coverage of Newborn Screening for Congenital Hypothyroidism— A Public Health Challenge

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Stephen H LaFranchi, MD ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Newborn Screening ◽  
Congenital Hypothyroidism ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Health Challenge ◽  
The World ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Over 40 Years

Despite the fact that programs began detecting neonates with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) over 40 years ago, at present only 30 % of the world birth population (approximately 127 million) undergoes screening for this disorder. The estimated cost of detection by screening, $15,400 compares with a lifetime expense of $1,296,000 in developed countries. The annual cost of the 30,000 CH cases not identified and treated early is approximately $40 billion dollars. Increasing the coverage of newborn screening worldwide remains a significant public health challenge.

scholarly journals Globalisation of Diseases: The Challenges of COVID-19 Pandemic and Public Health System in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
Ayesoro Sunday Adesina
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Challenging Situation

Globalisation is a process that integrates the world socio-economic system through trade liberalization, the free movement of people, technologies and information. It has equally made the spread of infectious diseases much easier globally. In essence, infectious diseases such as COVID-19, are easily transmitted across the countries of the world through the network created by globalisation poses serious challenges to the world health system, particularly developing countries like Nigeria. Public health system in Nigeria is overwhelmed by the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, which further exposes the country to the adverse effects of globalisation such as dependence and unequal relationship between her and the developed countries. Although the challenging situation provides Nigeria an opportunity to overhaul her public health system, the current poor global economy has further worsened the problems. This paper analyses the situation, and recommends that Nigerian government should look inward to develop her Public health system in a more sustainable way, also, the economy should be repositioned to reduce the level of dependence, and resources should be redirected to adequately fund education and research to support the health sector. The analysis is based on the premises of dependency perspective

scholarly journals Evaluation of Rights Related to Public Health and Pharmaceutical Patents and Existing Conflicts According to National and International Laws

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-269
Author(s):  
Somayeh Rahmani ◽  
◽  
Amir Mahdi Ghorbanpoor Zarehshuran ◽  
Hamideh Rahanjam ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Pharmaceutical Patents ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Exclusive Right

Today, along with the relative expansion of public health around the world, various diseases such as AIDS, malaria, etc. are increasing in human societies. In this regard, the pharmaceutical industry is one of the most important industries that should be supported so that the inventors of new drugs have enough motivation to produce more effective drugs. On the other hand, the undeniable benefits of supporting pharmaceutical inventions pose a serious threat to developing and less developed countries, and may endanger the public health of these societies. In such situation, we should know which of these two principles is preferable to other and should be given priority: Public health as a basic human right or protection of pharmaceutical patents as an exclusive right of its owners? One of the most important issues discussed directly and indirectly in the World Trade Organization is ”public health”, especially the drug trade and the protection of pharmaceutical patents, and this organization has always protected the rights of drug inventors to maintain a balance between public health and freedom of access to medicine. Therefore, any legal system that wants to join this organization may face problems due to these two issues. This study aims to investigate the conditions and challenges of supporting pharmaceutical patents in legal systems in case of accession to the World Trade Organization.

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