Searching for a Dream Plan: Two-Level Game Analysis of the Futenma Relocation Issue Under the Hatoyama Cabinet

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-67
Author(s):  
TOMOHITO SHINODA
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Clear Picture ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Game Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Marine Air

AbstractEmploying a two-level game framework, this study examines the decision-making process of the Hatoyama government on the replacement of the US Marine air base in Futenma, Okinawa. Before reaching the final decision to revert to the existing plan of relocating it to Nago City, the cabinet members explored different possible alternatives. Prime Minister Hatoyama simultaneously pursued different international and domestic goals. Misperception and miscommunication between Tokyo and Washington were at play. A two-level game framework provides a clear picture of what Hatoyama tried to pursue and why he failed.

Did Groupthink or Polythink Derail the 2016 Raqqa Offensive?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasey Barr ◽  
Alex Mintz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Tactical Decisions

This chapter examines the effect of group dynamics on the 2016 decision within the administration of President Barack Obama to lead the international coalition in a mission to liberate Raqqa, Syria, from the Islamic State. The authors show that whereas the groupthink syndrome characterized the decision-making process of the US-led coalition’s decision to attack Raqqa, it was polythink that characterized the decision-making dynamics both in the US-led coalition and within the inner circle of Obama’s own foreign policy advisors. Through case-study analysis, the authors illustrate that groupthink is more likely in strategic decisions, whereas polythink is more likely in tactical decisions.

Method for Selecting Storage Enterprises Based on IFHA

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 1769-1772
Author(s):  
Jie Wu ◽  
Lei Na Zheng ◽  
Tie Jun Pan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Problems ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Multiple Decision Makers ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Averaging Operator

In order to reflect the decision-making more scientific and democratic, modern decision problems often require the participation of multiple decision makers. In group decision making process,require the use of intuitionistic fuzzy hybrid averaging operator (IFHA) to get the final decision result.

Democracy over power? The democratic decision-making process in the case of the attempted privatization of Estonia’s power production

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-373
Author(s):  
Anna Khakee
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Playing Field ◽  
Business Interests ◽  
Economic Decisions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Government

The suspense-filled attempted partial privatization of the Narva Power Plants in the neo-liberal darling Estonia involved a rich cast, from trade unions and local scientists, via Estonian courts and ombudsmen to international consulting firms, major global banks and the US government. More important, a detailed single case study on the democratic decision-making process in this privatization case makes it possible to go beyond common generalizations regarding the consequences of neo-liberalism for democratic processes. It shows that purported proponents of economic neo-liberalism such as the US government sometimes use their arguments to advance the narrow business interests of politically well-connected firms. Established private firms can behave in a more rent-seeking manner than publicly owned, ex-communist companies. Liberal economic principles of open competition and a level playing-field are at times used by actors in the democratic process to question top-down, opaque economic decisions.

scholarly journals Mapping and understanding the decision-making process for providing nutrition and hydration to people living with dementia: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanthee Anantapong ◽  
Nathan Davies ◽  
Justin Chan ◽  
Daisy McInnerney ◽  
Elizabeth L. Sampson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Tube Feeding ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Nutrition And Hydration

Abstract Background This systematic review aimed to explore the process of decision-making for nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia from the perspectives and experiences of all involved. Methods We searched CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases. Search terms were related to dementia, decision-making, nutrition and hydration. Qualitative, quantitative and case studies that focused on decision-making about nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia were included. The CASP and Murad tools were used to appraise the quality of included studies. Data extraction was guided by the Interprofessional Shared Decision Making (IP-SDM) model. We conducted a narrative synthesis using thematic analysis. PROSPERO registration number CRD42019131497. Results Forty-five studies were included (20 qualitative, 15 quantitative and 10 case studies), comprising data from 17 countries and 6020 patients, family caregivers and practitioners. The studies covered a range of decisions from managing oral feeding to the use of tube feeding. We found that decisions about nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia were generally too complex to be mapped onto the precise linear steps of the existing decision-making model. Decision-making processes around feeding for people living with dementia were largely influenced by medical evidence, personal values, cultures and organizational routine. Although the process involved multiple people, family caregivers and non-physician practitioners were often excluded in making a final decision. Upon disagreement, nutrition interventions were sometimes delivered with conflicting feelings concealed by family caregivers or practitioners. Most conflicts and negative feelings were resolved by good relationship, honest communication, multidisciplinary team meetings and renegotiation. Conclusions The decision-making process regarding nutrition and hydration for people living with dementia does not follow a linear process. It needs an informed, value-sensitive, and collaborative process. However, it often characterized by unclear procedures and with a lack of support. Decisional support is needed and should be approached in a shared and stepwise manner.

THE EVALUATION OF AN ORE DEPOSIT DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT THROUGH APPLICATION OF THE "GAMES AGAINST NATURE" APPROACH

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (06) ◽  
pp. 1350029 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIUSZ KRZAK
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Economic Market ◽  
Ore Deposit ◽  
Mining Projects

Geological-mining projects are usually associated with relatively high risk and uncertainty in many aspects, including geological, mining, ecologic, economic, market, legal and social conditions. A mineral deposit is an underground natural resource and hence it is difficult to unequivocally predict the actual results of its discovery. Depending on the extent of the resource, the operation of the mine can extend to a few decades. It is necessary to conduct investment actions in successive stages and to evaluate the results of the work stage by stage. This reduces the investment risk and facilitates the decision-making process. In this paper, the use of a specific kind of game, the so-called "game against Nature," is suggested before a final decision on deposit development is made. This methodology was tested on the example of one of the zinc-lead ore deposits in the Silesia-Cracow region. Apart from supporting the decision-making process, this methodology offers the means to evaluate further research and costs which may be incurred for obtaining supplementary information related to the ore deposit parameters, specifically its reserves.

Le Duan, the American War, and the Creation of an Independent Vietnamese State

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Asselin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
The North ◽  
War Effort ◽  
Western Scholarship ◽  
North Vietnam

AbstractSince the end of the Vietnam War thirty years ago, Western scholars have made countless attempts at explaining that conflict's course and rationalizing its outcome. These attempts have considered a wide variety of elements ranging from the personalities of those involved in the decision- making process in Washington to the technologies used by American forces against their enemies in Indochina. Ironically, few scholars have considered the element that may have been most important in determining the outcome of the war, mainly the North Vietnamese leadership. As a result, little is known about the nature of that leadership. For many Western scholars, Ho Chi Minh inspired the North Vietnamese war effort, Vo Nguyen Giap coordinated it, and Pham Van Dong, as prime minister of the Democratic Republic of (North) Vietnam (DRVN), supervised the implementation of Ho and Giap's policies. That others may have been involved and influential in the decision-making process in Hanoi is rarely considered in Western scholarship. We accept the notion that the Ho-Giap-Dong axis led the effort against the United States, and the zeal of the North Vietnamese people carried Hanoi to victory.

scholarly journals An assessment of the factors affecting surgical decision making: a multi institutional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1138
Author(s):  
Prem Kumar Anandan ◽  
Sindhu Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Surgical Decision ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Surgical Residents ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Surgical Decision Making

Background: Decision making is a complex process, especially when guidelines are lacking. Surgeons then turn to other factors to help guide them make these decisions. This study is an attempt to understand these factors which play a role in the decision making process of surgeons.Methods: A prospective qualitative study was conducted amongst consultant surgeons and surgical residents from various institutes across Bangalore. The questionnaire was sent out to these surgeons and responses were recorded using Google Forms. A total of 158 responses were received and analyzed.Results: 69.2% of surgeons felt that patient preferences influence their decision making process. Age of the patient and medical comorbidities played a role in the decision making process of 95.5% and 94.2% of the surgeons respectively. 91% of the surgeons agreed that their age and experience has a strong influence on the decisions made by them. The institution of work and availability of tools mattered to 61.7% and 80.1% of the surgeons respectively.Conclusions: Factors such as patients’ age, comorbidities, preferences, surgeon’s institution of study, institution of work, experience, and institutional factors influence the decisions made by surgeons. Further study is needed on the larger scale to fully understand the various factors playing a role in the final decision making process.

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