scholarly journals It's all about the Flex: Preference, Flexibility and Power in the Employment of EU Migrants in Low-Skilled Sectors

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Rolfe
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Political Pressure ◽  
Central European ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
Proportional Increase ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Economic Need ◽  
The Eu

In the last ten years, EU migrants have come to play an important role in the UK labour force. They have become increasingly present in low-skilled occupations, where the largest proportional increase has been migration from Eastern and Central European countries. Drawing on research carried out between November 2015 and July 2016 on the employment of EU migrants in the sectors of hospitality, food and drink and construction, we find that EU migrants have met employers’ needs for a flexible labour force but that the use of mobile workers in these sectors is long-standing. The prospect of a reduced supply of EU migrants following the UK's vote to leave the EU and the government's target of reducing net migration poses a challenge for employers. We explore the tension between political pressure and economic need through posing a range of options for new immigration policy post-Brexit.

UK agriculture will pursue new markets post-Brexit

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wine Industry ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Wine Experts ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

Subject The impact of Brexit on the UK agricultural and food and drink sectors. Significance Agriculture and the food and drink sector will be among those industries most affected by Prime Minister Theresa May’s decision to pursue a ‘hard’ Brexit. It is uncertain to what extent domestic agricultural policies will replace the support and funding mechanisms of the EU. The food and drink sector will have to adjust to the possibility of future tariffs. Impacts Scottish independence would hit the drink sector, with Scotch whisky alone accounting for almost one-quarter of UK food and drink exports. The burgeoning UK wine industry could be damaged if the informal knowledge transfer from French wine experts slows down. The United Kingdom and the EU will need to cooperate on the issue of access arrangements for fishing.

scholarly journals High-skilled labour mobility in Europe before and after the 2004 enlargement

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (128) ◽  
pp. 20170030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Petersen ◽  
Michelangelo Puliga
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Bipartite Networks ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Knowledge ◽  
Technical Science ◽  
Skilled Labour ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

The extent to which international high-skilled mobility channels are forming is a question of great importance in an increasingly global knowledge-based economy. One factor facilitating the growth of high-skilled labour markets is the standardization of certifiable degrees meriting international recognition. Within this context, we analysed an extensive high-skilled mobility database comprising roughly 382 000 individuals from five broad profession groups (Medical, Education, Technical, Science & Engineering and Business & Legal) over the period 1997–2014, using the 13-country expansion of the European Union (EU) to provide insight into labour market integration. We compare the periods before and after the 2004 enlargement, showing the emergence of a new east–west migration channel between the 13 mostly eastern EU entrants (E) and the rest of the western European countries (W). Indeed, we observe a net directional loss of human capital from E → W, representing 29% of the total mobility after 2004. Nevertheless, the counter-migration from W → E is 7% of the total mobility over the same period, signalling the emergence of brain circulation within the EU. Our analysis of the country–country mobility networks and the country–profession bipartite networks provides timely quantitative evidence for the convergent integration of the EU, and highlights the central role of the UK and Germany as high-skilled labour hubs. We conclude with two data-driven models to explore the structural dynamics of the mobility networks. First, we develop a reconfiguration model to explore the potential ramifications of Brexit and the degree to which redirection of high-skilled labourers away from the UK may impact the integration of the rest of the European mobility network. Second, we use a panel regression model to explain empirical high-skilled mobility rates in terms of various economic ‘push–pull’ factors, the results of which show that government expenditure on education, per capita wealth, geographical proximity and labour force size are significant attractive features of destination countries.

Immigration, free movement and the EU referendum

2016 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 14-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Portes
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Eu Referendum ◽  
Founding Principle ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Central Economic

Immigration and free movement are central issues in the UK's referendum on EU membership. Although free movement was a founding principle of the EU, it only became of central economic and political importance after the expansion of the EU eastward in 2004. For the UK, the economic impacts of recent EU migration appear to have been relatively benign, even for the low paid and low skilled. The UK's recent ‘renegotiation’, which focused on the largely irrelevant issue of ‘benefit tourism’, will make little difference. A vote to Leave, however, will potentially take us into new territory for UK immigration policy,

The British paid labour market1

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-62
Author(s):  
Eva A. Duda-Mikulin
Keyword(s):  
Labour Force ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Women Migrants ◽  
Economic Migration ◽  
Customer Services ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Eu

Chapter three explores the British paid labour market and more specifically economic migration to the UK and its impact with the message that migrants contribute through taxation and alleviating labour and skills shortages. I discuss existing statistical data on UK’s labour force and its characteristics. This quantitative data is complemented with rich qualitative accounts from recent Polish women migrants to the UK. Different sectors of the economy are explored, in particular agriculture, hospitality, customer services and healthcare. These are said to be most reliant on workforce from the EU. Data on population characteristics is analysed taking into account the fact that it is ageing rapidly as is the rest of Europe. This increases the need for foreign-born labour to take on jobs unpopular with British workers, particularly when the EU labour force is younger and fitter in comparison to UK-born workers. This also suggests that after Brexit the UK is likely to experience issues with staff recruitment and labour shortages in certain areas of the economy. The chapter is supported by extracts from qualitative interviews with women migrants from Poland with the aim to bring in real-life stories from those who took advantage of the right to free movement.

Future suckler beef production systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 39-39
Author(s):  
M.J. Drennan
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

A feature of EU beef production following the introduction of milk quotas in 1984 has been the decrease in calf supplies from the dairy herd and increased supplies from the suckler herd. As a result, suckler cows have increased from 20% of the cow herd in 1984 to 32% in 1993. Corresponding increases for Ireland were 21 to 42% and for the UK 29% to 39%.A major concern has been the decline in beef consumption in recent years (Food and Drink Information Service 1994). Although total meat consumption per capita in the EU 12 increased from 80.2 kg in 1987 to 82.6 kg in 1993 beef consumption declined from 17.0 to 15.1 kg over the same period. While price may have been a contributing factor to the decline, other factors are also involved. These factors can collectively be described as meat quality. Quality factors which are measurable include leaness, tenderness, flavour and colour.

Public Support for Immigration Restriction in the United Kingdom: Resource Scarcity, Ethnicity or Poor Origins?

2014 ◽  
Vol 229 ◽  
pp. R31-R52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonni Markaki
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Immigration Restriction ◽  
The Past ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

Research on anti-immigrant attitudes in the United Kingdom in the past has focused primarily on feelings of prejudice driven by local concentrations of ethnic minorities. The immigration debate, however, has arguably changed since the EU expansions and the economic crisis of the past decade. This paper tests whether public support for immigration restriction is empirically driven by factors such as resource scarcity and economic stagnation, skill supply of native and immigrant workers, and the origin of immigrants from poorer countries within and outside the EU. Survey data from the European Social Survey between 2002 and 2010 are matched with regional level indicators calculated using the UK Labour Force Surveys. Findings suggest that support for immigration restriction is higher in regions where more immigrants are unemployed, but lower in regions where more natives are unemployed for longer than a year. Both the origin and ethnicity of the immigrant population appear to play a role in immigration policy preferences among native respondents.

scholarly journals Polish immigrants and their children in Canada and Sweden, employment status and income patterns

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Pendakur ◽  
Pieter Bevelander
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Earnings Differentials ◽  
Policy Regimes ◽  
Migration Flows ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Better Than ◽  
The Eu

AbstractUsing a combination of logit, and OLS regressions we ask if the labour force outcomes for Polish immigrants differ across two immigration policy regimes (Canada and Sweden). Specifically, we compare the employment and earnings prospects of Polish immigrants and their children in Canada and Sweden using data that is similar in quality and timing. We find that in general, Polish immigrants, while facing substantial penalties compared to native-born workers fare better in Canada than in Sweden in terms of employment and income. As expected, second generation Poles fare much better than their immigrant counterparts in terms of employment and earnings differentials and have similar outcomes to the native-born majority in both countries. Membership in the EU fundamentally changed migration flows from Poland. In light of this we also look at how post-2004 Polish migrants have fared in both Canada and Sweden.

Future of business in UK territories is uncertain

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Political Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Uk Government ◽  
Financial Transparency ◽  
Overseas Territories ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

Subject UK financial transparency. Significance The UK government has withdrawn a bill that would have required the crown dependencies to enhance company ownership transparency. Its part of an apparent reluctance of the current government, despite domestic political pressure, to force the authorities in UK crown dependencies and overseas territories (OTs) to enhance their financial transparency policies following evidence of money laundering and tax evasion. Impacts Trade and services in the crown dependencies will not be directly affected by Brexit. Crown dependencies risk EU sanctions if they do not strengthen their financial transparency regulations. London may compromise the interests of the UK territories in order to gain concessions from the EU in phase two of the Brexit negotiations.

Future suckler beef production systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 39-39
Author(s):  
M.J. Drennan
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Total Meat ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Eu

A feature of EU beef production following the introduction of milk quotas in 1984 has been the decrease in calf supplies from the dairy herd and increased supplies from the suckler herd. As a result, suckler cows have increased from 20% of the cow herd in 1984 to 32% in 1993. Corresponding increases for Ireland were 21 to 42% and for the UK 29% to 39%.A major concern has been the decline in beef consumption in recent years (Food and Drink Information Service 1994). Although total meat consumption per capita in the EU 12 increased from 80.2 kg in 1987 to 82.6 kg in 1993 beef consumption declined from 17.0 to 15.1 kg over the same period. While price may have been a contributing factor to the decline, other factors are also involved. These factors can collectively be described as meat quality. Quality factors which are measurable include leaness, tenderness, flavour and colour.

scholarly journals From Mobile Workers to Fellow Citizens and Back Again? The Future Status of EU Citizens in the UK

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessio D'Angelo ◽  
Eleonore Kofman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Eu Enlargement ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Welfare Benefits ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
Market Sector ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Status ◽  
The Eu

Growing concerns and hostility towards continuing large-scale flows of immigrants following the two rounds of EU enlargement and high levels of net migration played a major part in the Brexit referendum result for the UK to leave the EU. So too had welfare chauvinism, or the belief that welfare benefits should be restricted to citizens, come to the fore in negative attitudes to EU immigration, reflecting a rejection of EU migrants as fellow citizens. As the article shows, proposals as of summer 2017 for the status of current EU citizens in the UK indicate a desire by the UK government to incorporate current EU citizens within the far more restrictive British immigration rules, thereby curtailing some of their basic free movement rights, especially in relation to future family members. Leaked proposals for future EU citizens post-Brexit are to bring them within a single overall immigration system covering EU and non-EU migrants and applying differential rights of residence to skilled and less skilled, thereby stratifying EU migrants according to educational level and labour market sector. This would represent a return to the status of mobile workers with conditional rights of residence and social entitlements similar to those faced by non-EU migrants.

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