Interregional Mobility of Latin American Immigrants in Canada: Explorations Using Tax Filer Data

Using data from the Longitudinal Immigration Database (IMDB), which links tax filer information to provinces of landing information and current regions, the author carried out data explorations regarding the interregional mobility of 98,440 Latin American immigrants arriving in Canada between 2000 and 2014. These were observed in the tax year 2014. The interregional mobility of citizens from 15 citizenship countries was examined: Argentinians, Bolivians, Brazilians, Chileans, Colombians, Cubans, Ecuadorians, Salvadoreans, Guatemalans, Hondurans, Mexicans, Nicaraguans, Peruvians, Uruguayans, and Venezuelans. Immigrants were allowed entry into Canada under various immigrant intake classes such as economic, family, and refugee. Examination of retention and net migration rates showed that Alberta and British Columbia were among those who benefited the most from Latino immigrant inflows during the observation period. About one in five Latinos had moved outside their original landing region by the tax year 2014. Citizens of various nationalities left the Atlantic, Quebec and Manitoba regions for other ones. Interregional mobility was found the highest among males, earlier arrival cohort members, those with higher educational levels and economic principal applicants. Colombian citizens were the most mobile group while Nicaraguans, Bolivians, and Ecuadorians were the least mobile. The regional triangle constituted by Alberta, Ontario, and Quebec was found to be the dominant one in the network of all migratory exchanges. Tracking the interregional mobility of Latin American immigrants to Canada after arrival provides interesting insights into how this particular immigrant population is redistributed, how it may respond to the needs of regional economies, and also speaks to the success of immigrant integration and resettlement of Latin American immigrants in particular regions of Canada.

Prospects for the UK economy in 2022

Significance However, the recovery has also led to supply bottlenecks and labour shortages, which have resulted in inflationary pressures. While most of the pandemic-related impacts on the economy are expected to be transitory, longer-term challenges such as export performance, net migration and productivity will weigh on economic growth.

MIGRATION PROCESS IN UKRAINE: THE FINANCIAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS

The paper is focused on identifying interlinks between migration growth and economic development indicators. The main idea is to check the statements that migrants move to the countries with high levels of urbanization, high export-import, and budget potential, social, economic, and infrastructural development, high rates of innovations, accessible and effective health care system, financial stability.The previous studies in the sphere of migration were analyzed in detail, and their outcomes became a starting point for selection of the parameters that may affect the net migration growth. The paper is designed as quantitative research, based on Fuzzy-Logic Cognitive Maps (FCM) modeling for mapping the most influential parameters of nine systems (concepts) of national economic development and migration growth. In this study the matrices of causality and directions of influence of parameters of the nineconceptsand 53 sub-concepts and migration growth were computed, and cognitive maps of causal links between net migration growth and chosen parameters of national development were visualized. It was found that the highest level of positive interaction exists between net migration growth and such indicators as «International Tourism», «Income», «Total Government Spending», «Birth rates», «GDP per capita». And negative interactions were found between migration growth and risk of not covering the expenditures of surgical care, including catastrophic non-coverage, and mortality. The recommendations for further improvements of migration policy, social policy and budgeting policy were offered. Keywords: migration, net migration growth, national development, fuzzy cognitive maps, FCM modelling, determinants. JEL Classification F22, J01, O15 Formulas: 3; fig.: 11; tabl.: 17; bibl.: 45.

Deformation-induced actuation of cells in asymmetric periodic flow fields

Analyzing and sorting particles and/or biological cells in microfluidic devices is a topical problem in soft-matter and biomedical physics. An easy and rapid screening of the deformation of individual cells in constricted microfluidic channels allows, for example, the identification of sick or aberrant cells with altered mechanical properties, even in vast cell ensembles. The subsequently desired softness-specific segregation of cells is, however, still a major challenge. Moreover, aiming at an intrinsic and unsupervised approach raises a very general question: How can one achieve a softness-dependent net migration of particles in a microfluidic channel? Here we show that this is possible by exploiting a deformation-induced actuation of soft cells in asymmetric periodic flow fields in which rigid beads show a vanishing net drift.

Internal Migrations as a Driving Force of Regional Disintegration: An Empirical Analysis of NUTS-2 Regions in Turkey

Internal migrations, which involve population movements within the borders of a country for economic, political or social reasons, is seen as both a cause and a result of regional imbalances. In this framework, the effect increasing internal migrations have on developed and underdeveloped regions may differ through the effect of the different socio-cultural and economic conditions between regions. The aspect of imbalance is directly related to the extent to which migration affects parameters such as wage, production, consumption, human capital levels, entrepreneurial migration, unemployment, and household income in regions with different stages of development. This study analyzes the effect internal migration has on regional imbalances in Turkey’s NUTS-2 regions during 2008-2019 using the bootstrap quantile regression method. According to the analysis findings, internal migration increases growth in all NUTS-2 regions, but this effect is stronger at higher income levels. In this context, as a region’s income levels increase, the effect of net migration on growth also increases. When considering the migration direction to be from low-income regions to high-income regions, internal migration has been found to increase interregional disintegration in Turkey.

Modelling the Global Prevalence of COVID-19: An Econometric Approach

Nearly all economies of the world suffered from the sudden outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic emanating from Wuhan City of China to the rest of the world. A number of studies have been conducted to investigate the drivers of the spread of the viral infection. We differ from existing studies by employing a cross-sectional quantile regression approach to uncover socio-economic conditions that are instrumental in the spread of COVID-19 in Africa, Asia, America and Europe. Across the continents, we observed that life expectancy, the size of the aged population and spending on the health sector have significant impacts on the spread of COVID-19. We also noted the specific roles of out-of-pocket spending, net migration and tourism attraction for Africa, America and Europe, respectively, in driving the viral spread. We therefore draw policy implications in terms of the need for improved spending on health sector across continents and the need to intensify health checks for travelers and immigrants, and also the need to emphasize regular check-ups for all individuals across continents since current realities have shown that no age-group is spared of contracting the viral infection.

Spatiotemporal distribution and sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors associated with primary and secondary syphilis in Guangdong, China, 2005–2017

Background Previous studies exploring the factors associated with the incidence of syphilis have mostly focused on individual-level factors. However, recent evidence has indicated that social-level factors, such as sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors, also affect the incidence of syphilis. Studies on the sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors associated with syphilis incidence are scarce, and they have rarely controlled for spatial effects, even though syphilis shows spatial autocorrelation. Methodology/Principal findings Syphilis data from 21 cities in Guangdong province between 2005 and 2017 were provided by the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting Information System. The incidence time series, incidence map, and space-time scanning data were used to visualize the spatiotemporal distribution. The spatial panel data model was then applied to explore the relationship between sociodemographic factors (population density, net migration rate, male:female ratio, and the number of health institutions per 1,000 residents), socioeconomic factors (gross domestic product per capita, the proportion of secondary/tertiary industry), and the incidence of primary and secondary syphilis after controlling for spatial effects. The incidence of syphilis increased slowly from 2005 (11.91 per 100,000) to 2011 (13.42 per 100,000) and then began to decrease, reaching 6.55 per 100,000 in 2017. High-risk clusters of syphilis tended to shift from developed areas to underdeveloped areas. An inverted U-shaped relationship was found between syphilis incidence and gross domestic product per capita. Moreover, syphilis incidence was significantly associated with population density (β = 2.844, P = 0.006), the number of health institutions per 1,000 residents (β = -0.095, P = 0.007), and the net migration rate (β = -0.219, P = 0.002). Conclusions/Significance Our findings suggest that the incidence of primary and secondary syphilis first increase before decreasing as economic development increases further. These results emphasize the necessity to prevent syphilis in regions at the early stages of economic growth.