scholarly journals Diversity and gaps in Pennisetum glaucum subsp. monodii (Maire) Br. germplasm conserved at the ICRISAT genebank

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Upadhyaya ◽  
K. N. Reddy ◽  
Sube Singh ◽  
C. L. L. Gowda ◽  
M. Irshad Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Centre Of Origin ◽  
Centre Of Diversity ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Cluster 2

The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics conserves 335 accessions of Pennisetum glaucum subsp. monodii originated in 13 countries. In the present study, the collection was evaluated and assessed for diversity and geographical gaps. A wide variation was observed in the collection for total tillers per plant (16 to 609), productive tillers per plant (12 to 368), leaf length (21.3 to 58.8 cm) and leaf width (8.1 to 33.1 mm), indicating high fodder yield potential of the collection. The accessions of cluster 3 flowered late, grew tall with thick stems and long and broad leaves, and differed significantly from those of cluster 1 and cluster 2. The accessions of cluster 2 were found to be promising for tillering. The highly significant positive correlation (r= 0.944) between total and productive tillers per plant suggests that the selection for total tillers will result in selection for productive tillers. A total of 354 districts located in 86 provinces of eight countries in the primary centre of origin for pearl millet were identified as geographical gaps. The probability map generated using FloraMap in the present study matched quite closely to the origin of pearl millet, supporting the prediction of P.glaucum subsp. monodii occurrence in the primary centre of diversity for pearl millet. The high fodder yield potential of P.glaucum subsp. monodii germplasm and low intensity of collection in countries under study suggest the need for launching germplasm collection missions, exclusively for pearl millet wild relatives to fill taxonomic and geographical gaps in the collection.

Evaluation of Different Varieties of Pearl Millet for Green Fodder Yield Potential

2002 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 326-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Muni . ◽  
Ahmad Hasan Khan . ◽  
Sultan Salahuddin .
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield

scholarly journals Silica Production across Candidate Lignocellulosic Biorefinery Feedstocks

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Yifeng Xu ◽  
Nick Porter ◽  
Jamie L. Foster ◽  
James P. Muir ◽  
Paul Schwab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Energy Cane ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstocks ◽  
Sunn Hemp

Biofuels produced from non-food lignocellulosic feedstocks have the potential to replace a significant percentage of fossil fuels via high yield potential and suitability for cultivation on marginal lands. Commercialization of dedicated lignocellulosic crops into single biofuels, however, is hampered by conversion technology costs and decreasing oil prices. Integrated biorefinery approaches, where value-added chemicals are produced in conjunction with biofuels, offer significant potential towards overcoming this economic disadvantage. In this study, candidate lignocellulosic feedstocks were evaluated for their potential biomass and silica yields. Feedstock entries included pearl millet-napiergrass (“PMN”; Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br. × P. purpureum Schumach.), napiergrass (P. purpureum Schumach.), annual sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench), pearl millet (P. glaucum [L.] R. Br.), perennial sorghum (Sorghum spp.), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus J.M. Greef and Deuter), and energy cane (Saccharum spp.). Replicated plots were planted at three locations and characterized for biomass yield, chemical composition including hemicellulose, cellulose, acid detergent lignin (ADL), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), crude protein (CP), and silica concentration. The PMN, napiergrass, energy cane, and sunn hemp had the highest biomass yields. They were superior candidates for ethanol production due to high cellulose and hemicellulose content. They also had high silica yield except for sunn hemp. Silica yield among feedstock entries ranged from 41 to 3249 kg ha−1. Based on high bioethanol and biosilica yield potential, PMN, napiergrass, and energy cane are the most promising biorefinery feedstock candidates for improving biofuel profitability.

Assessment of phenotypic diversity in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] germplasm of Indian origin and identification of trait-specific germplasm

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Kumari ◽  
Manas K. Bag ◽  
S. Pandey ◽  
S. K. Jha ◽  
S. S. Chauhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Antioxidants Activity ◽  
Germplasm Collections

Evaluation of genetic diversity within germplasm collections and identification of trait-specific germplasm is a basic requirement for plant breeders. A total of 221 Indian pearl millet collections from the National Genebank were characterised and evaluated for 27 agro-morphological descriptors. Considerable variation was observed for all characters. Frequency distribution analysis showed predominance of cylindrical and compact spike, grey seeds, earliness (less than 40 days to spike emergence). Hierarchical clustering method was used for classifying 221 pearl millet accessions based on agronomic and disease resistance traits, which resulted into three clusters. Clusters 1, 2 and 3 comprised 91, 54 and 76 accessions respectively. There was high correspondence between the geographic collection sites of accessions and their inclusion in particular clusters. In addition, principal component analysis was used for data reduction and generating biplot. First four principal components explained 66.43% of total variability. Among the traits analysed, plant height, nodes/plant, days to spike emergence, number of tillers, leaf width and leaf length are major contributor towards phenotypic diversity. Further the trait-specific germplasm were identified for agronomic traits, disease resistance, popping and antioxidants activity, namely for earliness (IC343664, IC343689, IC343661, IC309064), spike girth (IC283693, IC283842, IC367638), dual purpose with high grain and fodder yield (IC283705, IC283745, IC283885 and IC335901 and so on). Four accessions of pearl millet germplasm viz., IC309064, IC393365, IC306465 and IC283866, were observed as multiple disease resistant. This study suggested that application of appropriate techniques and their interpretations provide more efficient way to identify potential accessions and improve the utilisation of germplasm collections in plant breeding.

scholarly journals Assessment of Maize Genotypes for Forage Yield and Quality

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 09-14
Author(s):  
Abdul Basit ◽  
Abdul Khaliq ◽  
Asim Pervez ◽  
Sikandar Hayat ◽  
Muhammad Saleem Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield

The present study was targeted to evaluate eight maize advance lines in comparison to one local check for green fodder yield potential and nutritional quality. The experiment was conducted at Fodder Research Institute, Sargodha during August 2017. The experiment was sown in a randomized complete block design with three replications having a plot size of 2.4 m x 6 m. The crop was harvested at 50% flowering stage and data regarding plant height, Number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaves weight per plant, stem weight per plant, leaves to stem weight ratio, green fodder yield, dry matter percentage, crude protein and crude fibre were recorded. The results showed that the performance of the advance lines; No.1501 and MS.2010 was best among all the studied genotypes in terms of fodder yield respectively. Both genotypes exhibited a good nutritional quality.

Study of green fodder yield potential of pearl millet genotypes under rainfed conditions of Gujarat, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Dhedhi ◽  
V. V. Ansodariya ◽  
N. N. Chaudhari ◽  
J. S. Sorathiya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Grassland Research

Twenty three fodder pearl millet genotypes including two checks <italic>viz</italic>., DFMH 30 and PAC 981 were evaluated at Pearl millet Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University (JAU), Jamnagar and Grassland Research Station, JAU, Dhari during <italic>kharif</italic> 2014. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, plant height, dry fodder yield and green fodder yield while differences for plant population and grain yield were non significant. The locations differences were found significant for all the characters studied. The genotypes x locations differences were observed non significant for all the traits except plant population and grain yield. Days to 50 % flowering varied from 52 days (DFMH 30) to 77 days (IP 15564). Days to maturity ranged between 75 days (IP 2761) to 96 days (IP 14542). IP 22269 (342 cm) was observed the tallest genotype, while, check DFMH 30 (252 cm) was manifested the shortest genotype. Dry fodder yield ranged from 96 q/ha (IP 5153, IP 2761) to 208 q/ha (ICMV 05222). The genotype ICMV 05222 (390 q/ha) produced the highest green fodder yield among all the genotypes followed by IP 6202 (348 q/ha) and IP 15564 (341 q/ha). Hence, these three genotypes <italic>viz</italic>., ICMV 05222, IP 6202 and IP 15564 may be considered for general cultivation under rainfed conditions of Gujarat.

scholarly journals Effect of Last Cutting Dates on Seed Production of Multicut MB-87 – A Variety of Pearl Millet, Pennisetum glaucum (Bajra)

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
A.H. Shah ◽  
H. Karar ◽  
M.S. Farooq ◽  
M.S.A. Bazmi ◽  
G. Nabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Food And Nutritional Security ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is considered an important kharif crop, which is grown extensively in the arid and semi-arid tropical regions, where other crops, like sorghum and maize, fail to produce economic yields. Its grains are valued as human food, while its dry stover makes significant livestock ration in croplivestock farming system. Pearl millets (MB-87), a newly developed variety of Fodder Research Institute, Sargodha, Pakistan, is one of the best pearl millet variety, which gives more than one cutting and helps to cope with fodder lean period, as well as more income can be generated in addition to seed. So, overcome the scarcity period the study was conducted to check the effect of last cutting dates on seed production of multicut pearl millet MB-87 was conducted at Fodder Research Institute, Sargodha, Pakistan, during 2015 and 2016. Following parameters were taken in to consideration, i.e. plant height (cm), stem thickness (cm), number of leaves per tiller, number of tillers per plant, green fodder yield (t/ha), length of head (cm), 1000 grains weight (g) and grain yield (kg/ha). The results depicted that grain yield, i.e. 319.20, was maximum and head length was highest, i.e. 35.13 cm on 20th of August having last date of cut, whereas all others parameters were found to be nonsignificant. Multicut bajra gives three cutting of fodder, followed by seed, as compared with conventional bajra, which gives only one cutting or seed. Therefore, it is more economical for the growers of fodders to grow the pearl millets MB-87 as fodder, as well as for seed purposes. So, it is concluded that for gaining maximum grain yield of multicut pearl millet MB-87 the last cutting date should be 20th of August. In future, pearl millet is likely to play a larger role in providing food and nutritional security.

scholarly journals Pathogenic Variation in the Pearl Millet Blast Pathogen Magnaporthe grisea and Identification of Resistance to Diverse Pathotypes

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajan Sharma ◽  
H. D. Upadhyaya ◽  
S. V. Manjunatha ◽  
K. N. Rai ◽  
S. K. Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Pathogenic Variation ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Serious Disease

Blast, also known as leaf spot, caused by Pyricularia grisea (teleomorph: Magnaporthe grisea), has emerged as a serious disease affecting both forage and grain production in pearl millet in India. Pathogenic variation was studied in a greenhouse using 25 M. grisea isolates collected from four major pearl-millet-growing states in India (Rajasthan, Haryana, Maharashtra, and Uttar Pradesh) on 10 pearl millet genotypes (ICMB 02444, ICMB 02777, ICMB 06444, ICMB 93333, ICMB 96666, ICMB 97222, ICMB 99444, 863B, ICMR 06222, and ICMB 95444). Differential reactions to the test isolates were recorded on ICMB 02444, ICMB 93333, ICMB 97222, 863B, and ICMR 06222. The 25 isolates were grouped into five different pathotypes based on their reaction types (virulent = score ≥ 4 and avirulent = score ≤ 3 on a 1-to-9 scale). For the identification of resistance sources, a pearl millet mini-core comprising 238 accessions was evaluated under greenhouse conditions against five M. grisea isolates (Pg118, Pg119, Pg56, Pg53, and Pg45) representing the five pathotypes. Of 238 accessions, 32 were found to be resistant to at least one pathotype. Resistance to multiple pathotypes (two or more) was recorded in several accessions, while three accessions (IP 7846, IP 11036, and IP 21187) exhibited resistance to four of the five pathotypes. Four early-flowering (≤50 days) blast-resistant mini-core accessions (IP 7846, IP 4291, IP 15256, and IP 22449) and four accessions (IP 5964, IP 11010, IP 13636, and IP 20577) having high scores (≥7) for grain and green fodder yield potential and overall plant aspect were found to be promising for utilization in pearl millet improvement programs. Identification of five pathotypes of M. grisea and sources of resistance to these pathotypes will provide a foundation for breeding for blast resistance in pearl millet in India.

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