scholarly journals Can body temperature be maintained during aeromedical transport?

CJEM ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (03) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil M. Sookram ◽  
Samantha Barker ◽  
Karen D. Kelly ◽  
William Patton ◽  
Terry Sosnowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Severe Hypothermia ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Aeromedical Transport ◽  
Regional Hospitals ◽  
Rotary Wing ◽  
Northern Alberta

ABSTRACTBackground:Aeromedical transport in northern areas may be associated with hypothermia. The objective of this study was to determine whether significant hypothermia (core temperature <35ºC) occurs in severely injured or ill intubated patients during transport by rotary wing aircraft.Methods:In this prospective cohort study, all intubated patients over 16 years of age who were transported by rotary wing aircraft from rural hospitals or trauma scenes in northern Alberta to regional hospitals in Edmonton were eligible for study. Esophageal thermometers were used to measure core temperature at 10-minute intervals during transport.Results:Of 133 potentially eligible patients, 116 were enrolled; 69 (59%) had esophageal thermometers inserted, and 47 (41%) had other temperature measurements. Severe hypothermia occurred in only 1% to 2% of cases, but 28% to 39% of patients met criteria for mild hypothermia prior to transport. Core temperatures did not fall during transport, despite the fact that warming techniques were documented in only 38% of cases.Conclusions:During brief (<225 km) rotary wing aeromedical transport of severely injured or ill patients, significant hypothermia is uncommon and body temperature is generally well maintained with the use of simple passive measures. These findings do not justify recommendations for more aggressive core temperature monitoring during this type of aeromedical transport.

Contactless Core-Temperature Monitoring by Infrared Thermal Sensor using Mean Absolute Error Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad Layth Malallah ◽  
Baraa T. Shareef ◽  
Mustafah Ghanem Saeed ◽  
Khaled N. Yasen
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Thermal Sensor ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Body Contact ◽  
Arduino Microcontroller

Aims: Normally, the temperature increase of individuals leads to the possibility of getting a type of disease, which might be risky to other people such as coronavirus. Traditional techniques for tracking core-temperature require body contact either by oral, rectum, axillary, or tympanic, which are unfortunately considered intrusive in nature as well as causes of contagion. Therefore, sensing human core-temperature non-intrusively and remotely is the objective of this research. Background: Nowadays, increasing level of medical sectors is a necessary targets for the research operations, especially with the development of the integrated circuit, sensors and cameras that made the normal life easier. Methods: The solution is by proposing an embedded system consisting of the Arduino microcontroller, which is trained with a model of Mean Absolute Error (MAE) analysis for predicting Contactless Core-Temperature (CCT), which is the real body temperature. Results: The Arduino is connected to an Infrared-Thermal sensor named MLX90614 as input signal, and connected to the LCD to display the CCT. To evaluate the proposed system, experiments are conducted by participating 31-subject sensing contactless temperature from the three face sub-regions: forehead, nose, and cheek. Conclusion: Experimental results approved that CCT can be measured remotely depending on the human face, in which the forehead region is better to be dependent, rather than nose and cheek regions for CCT measurement due to the smallest

scholarly journals Temperature Monitoring and Perioperative Thermoregulation

2008 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel I. Sessler ◽  
David S. Warner ◽  
Mark A. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Neuraxial Anesthesia ◽  
General Anesthetics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Body ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Body Heat

Most clinically available thermometers accurately report the temperature of whatever tissue is being measured. The difficulty is that no reliably core-temperature-measuring sites are completely noninvasive and easy to use-especially in patients not undergoing general anesthesia. Nonetheless, temperature can be reliably measured in most patients. Body temperature should be measured in patients undergoing general anesthesia exceeding 30 min in duration and in patients undergoing major operations during neuraxial anesthesia. Core body temperature is normally tightly regulated. All general anesthetics produce a profound dose-dependent reduction in the core temperature, triggering cold defenses, including arteriovenous shunt vasoconstriction and shivering. Anesthetic-induced impairment of normal thermoregulatory control, with the resulting core-to-peripheral redistribution of body heat, is the primary cause of hypothermia in most patients. Neuraxial anesthesia also impairs thermoregulatory control, although to a lesser extent than does general anesthesia. Prolonged epidural analgesia is associated with hyperthermia whose cause remains unknown.

Predictors of Hypothermia during Spinal Anesthesia

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1330-1334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Frank ◽  
Hossam K. El-Rahmany ◽  
Christine G. Cattaneo ◽  
Rachel A. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy ◽  
Postanesthesia Care Unit ◽  
Body Habitus ◽  
Retropubic Prostatectomy ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
High Level

Background Body temperature often is ignored during regional anesthesia, despite evidence that hypothermia occurs commonly. Because hypothermia is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, it is important to recognize predictors of hypothermia and to monitor and control body temperature in patients at risk. The current study was designed to determine the predictors of core hypothermia in patients receiving spinal anesthesia for radical retropubic prostatectomy. Methods Forty-four patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy were studied. A lumbar intrathecal injection of 18-22 mg bupivacaine, 0.75%, with 20 microg fentanyl was given. No active warming measures were used other than intravenous fluid warming. The following clinical variables were assessed as potential predictors of core (tympanic) temperature at admission to the postanesthesia care unit: duration of surgery, average ambient operating room temperature, body habitus, age, and spinal blockade level. Results The mean core temperature at admission to the postanesthesia care unit was 35.1 +/- 0.6 degrees C (range, 33.6-36.3 degrees C). Duration of surgery, ambient operating room temperature, and body habitus were not predictors of hypothermia. A high level of spinal blockade and increasing age were predictors of hypothermia. For each incremental increase in block level, core temperature decreased by 0.15 degrees C, and for each increase in age, core temperature decreased by 0.3 degrees C. Conclusions Although high-level spinal blockade has been associated with decreased thermoregulatory thresholds, no previous study has shown that a higher level of blockade is associated with a greater magnitude of core hypothermia in the clinical setting. As with general anesthesia, advanced age is associated with hypothermia during spinal anesthesia.

The International Hypothermia Registry (IHR): Dieter's ESAO Winter Schools and Beat's International Hypothermia Registry

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beat H. Walpoth ◽  
Marie Meyer ◽  
Christophe Gaudet-Blavignac ◽  
Philippe Baumann ◽  
Pierre Gilquin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Orphan Disease ◽  
Accidental Hypothermia ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Outcome Predictors ◽  
Severe Hypothermia ◽  
Life Threatening

Accidental hypothermia could be listed as an ‘orphan disease,’ since mild hypothermia is common but has no severe medical consequences, whereas severe hypothermia is rare and life-threatening. In order to increase our knowledge, find new outcome predictors, and propose better guidelines for the treatment of deep accidental hypothermia victims, we created the International Hypothermia Registry (IHR: https://www.hypothermia-registry.org ), which will allow us to gather a large number of cases in order to achieve statistical significance and issue evidence-based recommendations.

scholarly journals Effect of food intake on the ventilatory response to increasing core temperature during exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiji Hayashi ◽  
Nozomi Ito ◽  
Yoko Ichikawa ◽  
Yuichi Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Mean Skin Temperature ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Elimination ◽  
Transient Effect ◽  
Mean Body Temperature ◽  
Ventilatory Parameters ◽  
Effect Of Food

Food intake increases metabolism and body temperature, which may in turn influence ventilatory responses. Our aim was to assess the effect of food intake on ventilatory sensitivity to rising core temperature during exercise. Nine healthy male subjects exercised on a cycle ergometer at 50% of peak oxygen uptake in sessions with and without prior food intake. Ventilatory sensitivity to rising core temperature was defined by the slopes of regression lines relating ventilatory parameters to core temperature. Mean skin temperature, mean body temperature (calculated from esophageal temperature and mean skin temperature), oxygen uptake, carbon dioxide elimination, minute ventilation, alveolar ventilation, and tidal volume (VT) were all significantly higher at baseline in sessions with food intake than without food intake. During exercise, esophageal temperature, mean skin temperature, mean body temperature, carbon dioxide elimination, and end-tidal CO2 pressure were all significantly higher in sessions with food intake than without it. By contrast, ventilatory parameters did not differ between sessions with and without food intake, with the exception of VT during the first 5 min of exercise. The ventilatory sensitivities to rising core temperature also did not differ, with the exception of an early transient effect on VT. Food intake increases body temperature before and during exercise. Other than during the first 5 min of exercise, food intake does not affect ventilatory parameters during exercise, despite elevation of both body temperature and metabolism. Thus, with the exception of an early transient effect on VT, ventilatory sensitivity to rising core temperature is not affected by food intake.

Peripheral blood flow during rewarming from mild hypothermia in humans

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Savard ◽  
K. E. Cooper ◽  
W. L. Veale ◽  
T. J. Malkinson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Skin Blood Flow ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Muscle Blood Flow ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Warm Bath ◽  
Peripheral Blood Flow ◽  
Deep Body Temperature

During the initial stages of rewarming from hypothermia, there is a continued cooling of the core, or after-drop in temperature, that has been attributed to the return of cold blood due to peripheral vasodilatation, thus causing a further decrease of deep body temperature. To examine this possibility more carefully, subjects were immersed in cold water (17 degrees C), and then rewarmed from a mildly hypothermic state in a warm bath (40 degrees C). Measurements of hand blood flow were made by calorimetry and of forearm, calf, and foot blood flows by straingauge venous occlusion plethysmography at rest (Ta = 22 degrees C) and during rewarming. There was a small increase in skin blood flow during the falling phase of core temperature upon rewarming in the warm bath, but none in foot blood flow upon rewarming at room air, suggesting that skin blood flow seems to contribute to the after-drop, but only minimally. Limb blood flow changes during this phase suggest that a small muscle blood flow could also have contributed to the after-drop. It was concluded that the after-drop of core temperature during rewarming from mild hypothermia does not result from a large vasodilatation in the superficial parts of the periphery, as postulated. The possible contribution of mechanisms of heat conduction, heat convection, and cessation of shivering thermogenesis were discussed.

scholarly journals Significance of Differences Between Brain Temperature and Core Temperature (Delta T) During Mild Hypothermia in Patients With Diffuse Axonal Injury

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 551-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiichi SUEHIRO ◽  
Hirosuke FUJISAWA ◽  
Hiroyasu KOIZUMI ◽  
Sadahiro NOMURA ◽  
Koji KAJIWARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Temperature ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Brain Temperature ◽  
Axonal Injury ◽  
Diffuse Axonal Injury

scholarly journals The Effects of Hyperbaric Exposure on Immediate and Delayed Changes in Core Temperature and Its Circadian Fluctuations

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
Sławomir Kujawski ◽  
Joanna Słomko ◽  
Monika Zawadka-Kunikowska ◽  
Mariusz Kozakiewicz ◽  
Jacek J. Klawe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Deep Body Temperature ◽  
Delayed Effects ◽  
Hyperbaric Exposure ◽  
Core Body ◽  
Deep Body

Abstract Changes observed in the core body temperature of divers are the result of a multifaceted response from the body to the change of the external environment. In response to repeated activities, there may be a chronic, physiological adaptation of the body’s response system. This is observed in the physiology of experienced divers while diving. The purpose of this study is to determine the immediate and delayed effects of hyperbaric exposure on core temperature, as well as its circadian changes in a group of three experienced divers. During compression at 30 and 60 meters, deep body temperature values tended to increase. Subsequently, deep body temperature values showed a tendency to decrease during decompression. All differences in core temperature values obtained by the group of divers at individual time points in this study were not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Severe Hypothermia: Challenging Normal Physiology

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brieva ◽  
B. Mcfadyen ◽  
M. Rowley
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Accidental Hypothermia ◽  
Severe Hypothermia

Accidental hypothermia is not a frequent cause of death in Australia. Moreover it is rare to have an admission to hospital with a core temperature below 32°C. Among the cases described in the literature, it is clear that temperature and prognosis are related. Our patient presented with severe accidental hypothermia and even though the admission core temperature was below 26 degrees she was successfully discharged from hospital after active re-warming with three different devices. She had laboratory and ECG findings associated with severe hypothermia.

scholarly journals Efficacy of forced-air and inhalation rewarming by using a human model for severe hypothermia

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1635-1640 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. L. Goheen ◽  
M. B. Ducharme ◽  
G. P. Kenny ◽  
C. E. Johnston ◽  
John Frim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Cumulative Dose ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Human Model ◽  
The Core ◽  
Severe Hypothermia ◽  
Forced Air Warming ◽  
Forced Air

Goheen, M. S. L., M. B. Ducharme, G. P. Kenny, C. E. Johnston, John Frim, Gerald K. Bristow, and Gordon G. Giesbrecht.Efficacy of forced-air and inhalation rewarming by using a human model for severe hypothermia. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(5): 1635–1640, 1997.—We recently developed a nonshivering human model for severe hypothermia by using meperidine to inhibit shivering in mildly hypothermic subjects. This thermal model was used to evaluate warming techniques. On three occasions, eight subjects were immersed for ∼25 min in 9°C water. Meperidine (1.5 mg/kg) was injected before the subjects exited the water. Subjects were then removed, insulated, and rewarmed in an ambient temperature of −20°C with either 1) spontaneous rewarming (control), 2) inhalation rewarming with saturated air at ∼43°C, or 3) forced-air warming. Additional meperidine (to a maximum cumulative dose of 2.5 mg/kg) was given to maintain shivering inhibition. The core temperature afterdrop was 30–40% less during forced-air warming (0.9°C) than during control (1.4°C) and inhalation rewarming (1.2°C) ( P< 0.05). Rewarming rate was 6- to 10-fold greater during forced-air warming (2.40°C/h) than during control (0.41°C/h) and inhalation rewarming (0.23°C/h) ( P< 0.05). In nonshivering hypothermic subjects, forced-air warming provided a rewarming advantage, but inhalation rewarming did not.

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