When Does Backsliding Lead to Breakdown? Uncertainty and Opposition Strategies in Democracies at Risk

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Cleary ◽  
Aykut Öztürk
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Democratic Breakdown ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
Comparative Case Studies ◽  
Democratic Survival ◽  
Hugo Chavez

In recent decades, prominent national leaders like Turkey’s Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Venezuela’s Hugo Chávez gained power through democratic institutions, only to undermine those institutions once in office as part of a broader effort to consolidate authoritarian power. Yet attempts at “executive aggrandizement” have failed in other countries, with varying consequences for democratic institutions. We develop an agency-based perspective to enhance the understanding of aggrandizement and to explain when it results in democratic breakdown. Relying on comparative case studies of five countries—Bolivia, Ecuador, Thailand, Turkey, and Venezuela—our analysis suggests that the contingent decisions of opposition actors during the process of aggrandizement have a significant effect on regime outcomes. Irregular opposition attempts to remove incumbents from office, which are especially likely after electoral defeats, contribute to democratic breakdown. More moderate responses to aggrandizement, on the other hand, help the opposition actors to buy time until the next election, hence offering the possibility for democratic survival.

scholarly journals Does Technology Impact on Teaching Styles or Do Teaching Styles Impact on Technology in the Delivery of Higher Education?

10.28945/2792 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Jewels ◽  
Carmen de Pablos Heredero ◽  
Marilyn Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Education ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Teaching Styles ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Practice Teaching ◽  
Institutional Adoption

Although there are many teaching styles in higher education, they can usually be reduced to two: the traditional, on campus attendance, lecturing, student-passive style and the newer, distance education, self-paced, student-active style. It is the contention of this paper, illustrated by two case studies of one Spanish and one Australian university, that the differences in technology seem to have evolved due to these different teaching styles. On the other hand, both institutions seem to be in the same stage of technological implementation, although the technological product appears different. A discussion is provided to consider the interaction effects in practice, teaching styles and institutional adoption stage on web based technologies in these two universities.

scholarly journals Over de referentiële waarde van Juffrouw Lina (1888) van M. Emants, van Chateaubriand (1908) van E. Masoin en van de gevalsstudies van J.M. Charcot

1970 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 273-288
Author(s):  
Elke Van Nieuwenhuyze
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
French Writer ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The One ◽  
Jean Martin Charcot

The aim of this article is to trace the referential value of juffrouw Lina (1888)as part of its narrative organisation by means of the narrativist historical theoryof Frank Ankersmit. This starting point demands a confrontation of thisnaturalist novel by Marcellus Emants with the contemporary medical biographyof the French writer and politician Chateaubriand by the Belgian physicianErnest Masoin on the one hand and with some case studies of hystericsby the famous French docter Jean-Martin Charcot on the other hand. lt willbe argued that the narrativity of the novel plays a key-role in the constructionof its referential value on various levels.

Virtuosities of Deafness and Blindness

2018 ◽  
pp. 275-294
Author(s):  
Stefan Sunandan Honisch
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Musical Representations

This chapter explores the convergence of disability and virtuosity in competitive music performance. Two case studies of the pianist Nobuyuki Tsujii performing Beethoven’s Apassionata and Hammerklavier sonatas in the 2009 Van Cliburn International Piano Competition illustrate how the virtuosic body renders both normal and disabled bodies as other within the competitive arena. The critical and popular reception of these performances by Tsujii made much of their staging of a musical encounter between a blind pianist and a deaf composer; Tsujii himself, on the other hand, has publicly declared a more complex relationship to Beethoven as a fellow disabled musician. Exploring blindness and deafness as forms of virtuosity, this chapter shows how musical representations of virtuosity in performance exist in unfixed, dynamic, and even unsettling relationships to normal and disabled senses, bodies, and minds.

scholarly journals Ambiance of slowness. Brussels commercial gallery of the latter half of the 20th century

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Claire Pelgrims
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
The One ◽  
Motor Effects

In this paper, I study the sensory-motor effects of Brussels commercial galleries’ ambiance in the latter half of the 20th century. The analysis of two case studies (“Deux Portes” networked galleries and Agora Gallery) reveals the different logics of slow mobility acceleration and immobilisation at stake in the emerging modernist grammar of slow mobility. This grammar-in arrangement with the grammar of fast automobility − structures and stabilises the design of spaces for slowness next to the roadscape in spatial segregation of transport modes. There are accelerating and decelerating sensory dispositifs that define galleries both as punctual destination spaces that capture passers-by and as alternative paths for pedestrians: logics of multifunctionality, fast mobility accessibility and setting of an ambiance on the one hand, and logics of securement, spatial and qualitative continuities, on the other hand. Accelerating and decelerating dispositifs and logics facilitate movement to better keep the consumer captive. Then, I discuss the possible contribution of iconographic archives in research about past ambiances. They effectively acknowledge sensory- motor effects of ambiance but do not constitute an autonomous corpus to grasp sensitivity and reshape past ambiances.

Religion and Constitutional Practices in Asia: Five ‘Cs’ for Reflection

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225
Author(s):  
Arif A JAMAL
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Short Commentary ◽  
Five Cs ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

AbstractIn considering the articles in this Special Issue, I am struck by the importance of a set of factors that, in my view, both run through the articles like a leitmotif, as well as shape the major ‘take away’ lesson(s) from the articles. In this short commentary, I elaborate on these factors and the lesson(s) to take from them through five ‘Cs’: context; complexity; contestation; the framework of constitutions; and the role of comparative law. The first three ‘Cs’ are lessons from the case studies of the articles themselves, while the second two ‘Cs’ are offered as lessons to help take the dialogue forward. Fundamentally, these five ‘Cs’ highlight the importance of the articles in this Special Issue and the conference from which they emerged on the one hand, while on the other hand, also making us aware of what are the limits of what we should conclude from the individual articles. In other words, taken together, the five ‘Cs’ are, one might say, lessons about lessons.

scholarly journals Adjective complementation patterns and judgement: Aligning lexical-grammatical and discourse-semantic approaches in appraisal research

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Su ◽  
Susan Hunston
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
The One ◽  
National Corpus

Abstract This study takes a lexical-grammatical approach to exploring the evaluation of human behaviour and/or character. It uses adjective complementation patterns as the starting point to examine the lexical-grammatical resources at risk in the appraisal system of judgement, aiming to explore the extent to which we can arrive at the same categorization of the resources realizing judgement if a formal or lexical-grammatical approach, rather than a discourse-semantic one, is taken. Using a corpus compiled of texts categorized as ‘Biography’ in the British National Corpus, the study, on the one hand, shows that most of the items identified can be very satisfactorily classified in terms posited in the judgement system, suggesting that the nomenclature from that model is useful. On the other hand, a considerable number of items have also been identified which construe attitudes towards emotional types of personality traits, leading to the proposal of a potentially useful new judgement category and further an adjusted system of judgement. The heuristic potential of aligning the lexical-grammatical and discourse-semantic approaches to appraisal is further discussed.

Introduction: What Regional Studies can Contribute to Applied Anthropology

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-4
Author(s):  
Betsy Taylor ◽  
Samuel Cook
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Applied Anthropology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Global Movements ◽  
Role Definitions

The case studies in this issue suggest the diversity, creativity and deep historical roots of experiments in community/academic/government partnership in Appalachia. On one hand, it is important to understand these case studies as emerging from a distinctive Appalachian context. On the other hand, interesting resonances and convergences can be found with larger national and global movements. The word "partnership" has, as it were, become globalized—carrying many meanings and purposes. A diversity of movements experiment with a diversity of models for blurring, mixing, and matching roles bringing citizens, experts (academic and otherwise), teachers, students and government officials together in all sorts of combinations as they tackle problems deemed insoluble within older role definitions. This introduction tries to chalk out some of these larger connections—looking for the lessons to be learned from these case studies in defining best practices for partnership building.

Sign-Based Construction Grammar: A guided tour

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-217
Author(s):  
FRANK VAN EYNDE
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Construction Grammar ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phrase Structure Grammar ◽  
Diachronic Syntax ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Guided Tour ◽  
Further Development

Sign-Based Construction Grammar (sbcg) is, on the one hand, a formalized version of Berkeley Construction Grammar (bcg), and, on the other hand, a further development of constructionist Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar (hpsg). The volume edited by Hans Boas and Ivan Sag is the first book length presentation of the framework. Its centerpiece is a 130-page synopsis of the theory by Ivan Sag. The other contributions to the volume provide background, justification, case studies, an extension to diachronic syntax and a presentation of the FrameNet Constructicon. This review gives a guided tour of the framework, explaining its central notions and assumptions, as well as the notation in which they are cast. It also compares the sbcg framework with other types of Construction Grammar and with hpsg. The case studies are summarized and briefly evaluated.

Human and Nonhuman Animals, Mutually at Risk: A Study of the Swiss Information Media

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-355
Author(s):  
Annik Dubied Losa ◽  
Claudine Burton-Jeangros
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Avian Flu ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
The Media ◽  
Information Media ◽  
The One

AbstractNowadays, relationships between nonhuman animals and humans are debated, often in relation to issues associated with the risks they represent for each other. On the one hand, new diseases and accidents indicate that animals are not as innocuous as they were long thought; on the other hand, the now questioned human impact on the natural environment is considered a risk for animals. This research analyzed these contrasting images of animals in the Swiss information media. Of the five main animal figures identified over the last 30 years, this paper focuses on the Undesirable Animal and the Victim Animal. These two figures have existed throughout the observed period; in contrast to Victim Animals, however, who appear fairly infrequently, Undesirable Animals have become more and more common in the last decade, usually in relation to a specific issue (such as the avian flu). This suggests that the media more often convey the dominant anthropocentric relationship to animals, reflecting a preoccupation with the protection of humans against dangerous animals, whereas the protection of animals from humans is considered less important. Recent controversies demonstrate, however, that the frontier between “us” and “them” is regularly renegotiated.

scholarly journals Socio -Territorial Transformations of the Northeast Region of Uruguay (2000-2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (31) ◽  
pp. 241-267
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Pereira ◽  
Marcel Borras ◽  
Gabril Scaraffuni ◽  
Janete Cancelier
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Agricultural Census

This article aims to understand how socio-territorial transformations have been manifesting in the northeast region of Uruguay between 2000 and 2018. In this period, the territorial expansion of agribusiness through soy monoculture and forestry intensifies, which causes important changes in the productive, social, and landscape base. The objective is, on one hand, to describe quantitatively and in terms of changes in land use, the recent transformations in the agrarian territories of the region and, on the other hand, to understand the impacts of these processes on some social dynamics, especially in the migration of family producers and their families from the agrarian space to the urban one. The methodology included a bibliographic and documentary review, the analysis of statistical data from the General Agricultural Census, and the analysis of land use through satellite images. The results show that monocultures linked to agribusiness have modified the agrarian structure and the use of the territory resulting in increasing pressure on the price of land, which puts the permanence of family producers at risk

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