scholarly journals What Stymies Action on Climate Change? Religious Institutions, Marginalization, and Efficacy in Kenya

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Lauren Honig ◽  
Amy Erica Smith ◽  
Jaimie Bleck
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
State Repression ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Critical Link

Addressing climate change requires coordinated policy responses that incorporate the needs of the most impacted populations. Yet even communities that are greatly concerned about climate change may remain on the sidelines. We examine what stymies some citizens’ mobilization in Kenya, a country with a long history of environmental activism and high vulnerability to climate change. We foreground efficacy—a belief that one’s actions can create change—as a critical link transforming concern into action. However, that link is often missing for marginalized ethnic, socioeconomic, and religious groups. Analyzing interviews, focus groups, and survey data, we find that Muslims express much lower efficacy to address climate change than other religious groups; the gap cannot be explained by differences in science beliefs, issue concern, ethnicity, or demographics. Instead, we attribute it to understandings of marginalization vis-à-vis the Kenyan state—understandings socialized within the local institutions of Muslim communities affected by state repression.

History of the Development of the Sino-Muslim Community

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Literature ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Scholarly Production ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
Political Economic

Chapter 1 sketches a brief history of Muslims in China to aid in understanding the development of Sino-Islamic scholarship and the shifting contours of this tradition. The establishment of local religious institutions and a unique body of Chinese literature was predicated by the changing attitudes of foreign and local Muslims in relation to political, economic, and cultural policies. The chapter focuses on the transmission of Islam to China as it affected the development of Islamic thought, and situate this process within the Chinese cultural environment and then in the broader Eurasian context, focusing on global relationships and interactions across geographical boundaries. Locally, dynastic history shaped the Sino-Muslim community and their scholarly production, while developments abroad provided episodic intellectual nourishment. In this discussion, I also spar with some theoretical challenges that arise in any analysis of Asian Muslim communities—namely, the processes of Islamization, vernacularization, and syncretism.

scholarly journals Stimulating a Canadian narrative for climate

FACETS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Potvin ◽  
Divya Sharma ◽  
Irena Creed ◽  
Sally Aitken ◽  
François Anctil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Academic Fields ◽  
Current Thinking ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Will

This perspective documents current thinking around climate actions in Canada by synthesizing scholarly proposals made by Sustainable Canada Dialogues (SCD), an informal network of scholars from all 10 provinces, and by reviewing responses from civil society representatives to the scholars’ proposals. Motivated by Canada’s recent history of repeatedly missing its emissions reduction targets and failing to produce a coherent plan to address climate change, SCD mobilized more than 60 scholars to identify possible pathways towards a low-carbon economy and sustainable society and invited civil society to comment on the proposed solutions. This perspective illustrates a range of Canadian ideas coming from many sectors of society and a wealth of existing inspiring initiatives. Solutions discussed include climate change governance, low-carbon transition, energy production, and consumption. This process of knowledge synthesis/creation is novel and important because it provides a working model for making connections across academic fields as well as between academia and civil society. The process produces a holistic set of insights and recommendations for climate change actions and a unique model of engagement. The different voices reported here enrich the scope of possible solutions, showing that Canada is brimming with ideas, possibilities, and the will to act.

scholarly journals CLIMATE POLICY AND THE OPTIMAL BALANCE BETWEEN MITIGATION, ADAPTATION AND UNAVOIDED DAMAGE

2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 71-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCO BOSELLO ◽  
CARLO CARRARO ◽  
ENRICA DE CIAN
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Optimal Mix ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Open Question

It has become commonly accepted that a successful climate strategy should compound mitigation and adaptation. The accurate combination between adaptation and mitigation that can best address climate change is still an open question. This paper proposes a framework that integrates mitigation, adaptation, and climate change residual damages into an optimisation model. This set-up is used to provide some insights on the welfare maximising resource allocation between mitigation and adaptation, on their optimal timing, and on their marginal contribution to reducing vulnerability to climate change. The optimal mix between three different adaptation modes (reactive adaptation, anticipatory adaptation, and investment in innovation for adaptation purposes) within the adaptation bundle is also identified. Results suggest that the joint implementation of mitigation and adaptation is welfare improving. Mitigation should start immediately, whereas adaptation somewhat later. It is also shown that in a world where the probability of climate-related catastrophic events is small and where decision makers have a high discount rate, adaptation is unambiguously the preferred option. Adaptation needs, both in developed and developing countries, will be massive, especially during the second half of the century. Most of the adaptation burden will be on developing countries. International cooperation is thus required to equally distribute the costs of adaptation.

scholarly journals Islamic Education and Multiculturalism: Engaging with the Canadian Experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Ali ◽  
Carl Bagley
Keyword(s):  
Minority Groups ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Islamic Schools ◽  
Canadian Experience ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
Hearts And Minds ◽  
Islamic Values

Canada has a long history of immigration by diverse ethnic minority groups arriving in the hope of establishing economically successful – yet socially and culturally distinct – communities based on particular values and beliefs not necessarily shared by the ethnic majority. In recent years however the arrival of new immigrants whose values differ from the mainstream has intensified the multicultural debate, as the aspirations and needs of ideologically-motivated minorities feel current policies and institutions marginalize their values and beliefs (not dissimilar to that historically encountered by Canada‘s indigenous people). As a result of these social divergences, the secular state and orthodox religious groups often compete for the hearts and minds of children. Consequently as Muslim communities in Canada seek to protect their children and youth from perceived negative outside influences so Islamic schools have been established. Such schools face particular challenges in negotiating the tensions between their aspiration to preserve Islamic values and wider socio-political pressures to integrate into Canada‘s multicultural society as a whole. This article engages with this tension to uncover and explore the nature of Islamic education and its potentially contested relationship with Canada‘s multicultural ideals. In concluding it reflects on possible ways in which multicultural-Islamic education tensions might be ameliorated.

scholarly journals Mazán y Llaviuco: 40 años después

UDA AKADEM ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Gustavo Chacón-Vintimilla
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
History Of ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The City ◽  
Weather Change

En el presente trabajo se busca Mazán y Llaviuco son bosques que conforman dos de las 12 microcuencas hidrográficas de mayor importancia para la provisión de agua potable para la ciudad de Cuenca. ETAPA las protege desde 1984 y 1996 respectivamente. Con su moldura glaciar y valores biológicos y culturales estudiados y reconocidos, enfrentaron una historia de uso intenso del suelo (extracción de madera, actividades agropecuarias y acuícolas) que, en su momento, puso en riesgo la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos para la sociedad (agua, fibras, alimentos, etc.). Actualmente, Mazán y Llaviuco están libres de estos impactos y se mantienen conservados. Sin embargo, poco se ha hecho para enfrentar los retos de los fenómenos planetarios de cambio climático, contaminación y otros. Se discute entonces la necesidad de optar por una visión de análisis de vulnerabilidad al cambio climático que permita tomar decisiones sobre la región y mejorar, eventualmente, procesos de producción no limpia en Cuenca o mitigar los impactos negativos externos sobre los cuales no se tiene injerencia directa. Se resalta la importancia de la investigación temática en redes, a largo plazo, a través del trabajo coordinado y multidisciplinario. La información generada debe ser interpretada y usada con persuasión para recomendar políticas y emprendimientos concretos, pero con cautela, y con la convicción de que los procesos están siempre en construcción mientras se identifican las restricciones técnicas, económicas y sociales.Palabras clave: conservación, bosques andinos, sostenibilidad, gestión ambientalAbstractThis research paper is about Mazán and Llaviuco forests, which make up two of the 12 most important micro-watersheds for drinking water supply for the city of Cuenca. ETAPA is in charge of protecting them since 1984 and 1996 respectively.With their glacier molding and biological and cultural values studied and recognized, these two forests faced a history of intense land use (logging, farming and aquaculture activities) which, in turn, threatened the provision of ecosystem services to society (water, fiber, food, etc.) Currently, Mazán and Llaviuco are free of these impacts and remain preserved; however, little has been done to face the global phenomena challenges of weather change, pollution and others. Hence, there are discussions in regard to the need to pursue an analysis approach of the vulnerability to climate change, in order to make decisions about the region and eventually improve the non-clean production processes in Cuenca or reduce the negative external impacts over which there is no direct interference. The importance of long-term thematic research on networks throughcoordinated and multidisciplinary work is emphasized. The information generated should be interpreted and used in a persuasive manner so as to recommend cautious specific policies and projects, with the viewthat the processes are always under construction while the technical, economic and social constraints are being identified.Keywords: Conservation, Andean Forests, Sustainability, Environmental Management

Assessing Climate Change: International Co-Operation and Predictions of Environmental Change

Politics ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
The Political ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
Global Impacts ◽  
Local Levels

Past scientific assessments of global climate change impacts have tended to give us information on global impacts. But scientists have been refining their predictions down to regional, national and local levels. Improved understanding of climate change impacts, and particularly more specific information on which countries are most vulnerable, will affect international co-operation. Presumably, countries that are most vulnerable to climate change will be more likely to join international efforts to address climate change. At least that is what one could logically hypothesise. Questions addressed include: Does ‘vulnerability’ to climate change matter for international cooperation? What might be the political impact of improved understanding of the effects of climate change on international environmental co-operation?

Speaking of Psychology: Psychologists Address Climate Change

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlin Luna ◽  
Kim Mills ◽  
Brian Dixon ◽  
Marcel de Sousa ◽  
Christine Roland Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Address Climate Change

Ethics of Conducting Virtual Ethnography on Visual Platforms

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-178
Author(s):  
Kayla Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Virtual Ethnography ◽  
History Of ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Visually Based ◽  
Diverse Groups

For scholars, the internet provides a space to study diverse groups of people across the world and can be a useful way to bypass physical gender segregation and travel constraints. Despite the potential for new insights into people’s everyday life and increased attention from scholars, there is no standard set of ethics for conducting virtual ethnography on visually based platforms, like YouTube and Instagram. While publicly accessible social media posts are often understood to be a part of the public domain and thus do not require a researcher to obtain a user’s consent before publishing data, caution must be taken when studying members of a vulnerable community, especially those who have a history of surveillance, like African-American Muslims. Using a womanist approach, the author provides recommendations for studying vulnerable religious groups online, based on a case study of a YouTube channel, Muslimah2Muslimah, operated by two African-American Muslim women. The article provides an important contribution to the field of media studies because the author discusses a “dead” online community, where users no longer comment on the videos and do not maintain their own profiles, making obtaining consent difficult and the potential risks of revealing information to an unknown community hard to gauge.

The Making of the Medieval Middle East

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Tannous
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Religious History ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Conversion To Islam ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Muslim Communities ◽  
The Middle Ages

In the second half of the first millennium CE, the Christian Middle East fractured irreparably into competing churches and Arabs conquered the region, setting in motion a process that would lead to its eventual conversion to Islam. This book argues that key to understanding these dramatic religious transformations are ordinary religious believers, often called “the simple” in late antique and medieval sources. Largely agrarian and illiterate, these Christians outnumbered Muslims well into the era of the Crusades, and yet they have typically been invisible in our understanding of the Middle East's history. What did it mean for Christian communities to break apart over theological disagreements that most people could not understand? How does our view of the rise of Islam change if we take seriously the fact that Muslims remained a demographic minority for much of the Middle Ages? In addressing these and other questions, the book provides a sweeping reinterpretation of the religious history of the medieval Middle East. The book draws on a wealth of Greek, Syriac, and Arabic sources to recast these conquered lands as largely Christian ones whose growing Muslim populations are properly understood as converting away from and in competition with the non-Muslim communities around them.

Assessment of watershed vulnerability to climate change for the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache and Ashley National Forests, Utah

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Rice ◽  
Tim Bardsley ◽  
Pete Gomben ◽  
Dustin Bambrough ◽  
Stacey Weems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Forests ◽  
Vulnerability To Climate Change
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