scholarly journals The Investigation of Lunar Limb Structure by Means of Stellar Occultations

1971 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 601-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Relative Motion ◽  
Position Angle ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Stellar Occultations ◽  
Limb Structure

It has long been recognized that the analysis of occultation traces from point source stars might provide a means of investigating the structure of the lunar limb on a remarkably small scale, certainly of tens of meters, possibly on a scale of meters.The routine process of analysis of such an occultation trace produces a curve fitted to the standard model for a point source, in which the observed rate of fringe passage is matched to that computed from the rate and position angle of the relative motion of the moon with respect to the star background and the position angle of the point at which the occultation occurs. If θυ is the position angle towards which the relative motion of the lunar center takes place, θ that at which the occultation occurs, and ψ = θν — θ, then the predicted rate of the lunar limb perpendicular to itself at this point isRp = V cos ψwhere V is the velocity of the lunar center.

scholarly journals Massless and Massive Multi-Gravity in a Multi-fold Universe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane Maes
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Massive Gravity ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Accelerated Expansion ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Virtual Particles ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Open Issues

In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. In this paper, we discuss some of the properties and implications of the massive gravity contributions. In particular we will discuss it similarities and differences with what is usually meant by massive gravity in conventional physics and derived modern bigravity theories.. Instead of being a large-scale theory, where massive gravity can support a limited range or even a repulsive behavior, multi-fold massive gravity is here a mostly small-scale effect with almost no larger scale impact other than through entangled virtual neutrino pairs. Multi-fold universe accelerated expansion come from other effects of multi-fold mechanisms. In multi-fold theory, massive gravity is also multiple (one per available virtual carrier). The resulting gravity model is different from all the massive gravity and bigravity current proposed in the literature. In particular we discuss the known issues with conventional classical massive gravity.We conclude with a suggestion to attempt, with or independently of a multi-fold models, bi (or multi) gravity models, massive only at very small scale with massless gravity at any larger scale. We already know that such model helps address many Standard Model and Standard Cosmology Model open issues: there is value in SMG: the standard Model with non-negligible gravity at its scales.

scholarly journals Particles, Especially Virtual Particles, in a Multi-fold Universe vs. QFT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane Maes
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Classical Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Virtual Particle ◽  
Conventional View ◽  
Virtual Particles ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Open Issues

In a multi-fold universe, gravity emerges from Entanglement through the multi-fold mechanisms. As a result, gravity-like effects appear in between entangled particles that they be real or virtual. Long range, massless gravity results from entanglement of massless virtual particles. Entanglement of massive virtual particles leads to massive gravity contributions at very smalls scales. Multi-folds mechanisms also result into a spacetime that is discrete, with a random walk fractal structure and non-commutative geometry that is Lorentz invariant and where spacetime nodes and particles can be modeled with microscopic black holes. All these recover General relativity at large scales and semi-classical model remain valid till smaller scale than usually expected. Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model. In this paper, we discuss the point of view of the virtual particles used to explain gravity emergence from entanglement and in particular position their use versus the more conventional view on virtual particles in QFT. Indeed, besides the fact that QFT has challenges to model particles, there are some strong views on what is or is not appropriate when it comes to involving virtual particles in conventional QFT, or vacuum fluctuations for that matter. The proposed multi-fold mechanisms on the other hand rely first and foremost on the concept of particles, with modifications to conventional QFT. In that context virtual particle play a central role. Besides evangelizing the need to evolve QFT, we also review how virtual particles are key to the notion of small scale non negligible addition of gravity to the standard model, and to a proposal for Ultimate Unification where al particles convey gravity and their proper interactions. We also discuss how this model is key and aligned to the area laws of blacks holes, Hawking’s radiation and the absence of gravity shielding even when using virtual particle. This discussion will also offer some perspectives on QFT in curved spacetime. The bottom line is that there are no contradiction with the main views on virtual particles of conventional QFT proposed with multi-fold universe mechanisms and that in fact, while hard to formulate, the use of virtual particles could also be modeled with fields and associated multi-fold fields.We also discuss comparing our model using pairs of entangled virtual particles versus models using only (or in addition) pairs of entangled gravitons. Such a multi-fold model with only gravitons may recover the same results or differ depending on how massive gravitons would be modeled in these new models. But we end up still recommending only a model where gravitons live in AdS(5).

scholarly journals Atomki anomaly and the Secluded Dark Sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 06007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Vector Boson ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Small Scale Structure ◽  
Light Vector ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Effective Models ◽  
Relic Abundance

The Atomiki anomaly can be interpreted as a new light vector boson. If such a new particle exists, it could be a mediator between the Standard Model sector and the dark sector including the dark matter. We discussed some simple effective models with these particles. In the models, the secluded dark matter models are good candidates to satisfy the thermal relic abundance. In particular, we found that the dark matter self-interaction can be large enough to solve the small scale structure puzzles if the dark matter is a fermion.

scholarly journals Current Review all Publications around the Multi-fold universe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane Maes
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Random Walk ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Epr Paradox ◽  
Current Review ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Main Message

Shmaes-Physics - Site Navigation - Web Site Tracking all Publications around the Multi-fold universe and "Modeling Gravity As Emergent from the EPR Paradox in Quantum Mechanics". It relates to paper https://vixra.org/pdf/2006.0088v1.pdf and all follow up and updated publications and results. This is a October 11, 2020 snapshot of the content. The main message is: Gravity is Entanglement and Entanglement is Gravity and Everything in the Standard Model with Gravity (SM_G) results from it. Superstrings, supersymmetry and most conventional GUTs and TOEs are not correctly modeling our universe (https://shmaesphysics.wordpress.com/2020/09/20/latest-highlights-and-results-from-multi-fold-models/).For the rest, most of non-problematic conventional Physics is not affected other than i) Gravity is explained, Entanglement creates gravity between entangled parties (under correct conditions) iii) spacetime at very small scale is defined (discrete, concretized by random walk, Lorentz invariant and non-commutative).

scholarly journals Small-Scale Cosmology “Crisis” and Self-Interacting Right-Handed Neutrino Warm Dark Matter

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Nick E. Mavromatos
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Astroparticle Physics ◽  
Model Combining ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Theoretical Simulations

In the lecture, I first review the basic problems of the ΔCDM model at small (galactic) scales, also known as “small-scale Cosmology crisis”, namely discrepancies between theoretical simulations and observations. I then argue how systems of righthanded neutrinos (RHN) with masses of order 50 keV in the galaxies can tackle these problems, provided appropriately strong RHN self-interactions are included. Such models may constitute interesting minimal extensions of the Standard Model. Combining galactic phenomenology with other astroparticle physics considerations of such models, one arrives at a narrow range 47 keVc-2 ≤ m ≤ 50 keVc-2 for the allowed mass m of RHN, thereby pointing towards the rôle of such particles as interesteding warm dark matter components.

scholarly journals Warm Dark Matter from Higher-Dimensional Gauge Theories

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Sinziana Paduroiu ◽  
Michael Rios ◽  
Alessio Marrani ◽  
David Chester
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Group Representations ◽  
Higher Dimensional ◽  
The Standard Model

Warm dark matter particles with masses in the keV range have been linked with the large group representations in gauge theories through a high number of species at decoupling. In this paper, we address WDM fermionic degrees of freedom from such representations. Bridging higher-dimensional particle physics theories with cosmology studies and astrophysical observations, our approach is two-folded, i.e., it includes realistic models from higher-dimensional representations and constraints from simulations tested against observations. Starting with superalgebras in exceptional periodicity theories, we discuss several symmetry reductions and we consider several representations that accommodate a high number of degrees of freedom. We isolate a model that naturally accommodates both the standard model representation and the fermionic dark matter in agreement with both large and small-scale constraints. This model considers an intersection of branes in D = 27 + 3 in a manner that provides the degrees of freedom for the standard model on one hand and 2048 fermionic degrees of freedom for dark matter, corresponding to a ∼2 keV particle mass, on the other. In this context, we discuss the theoretical implications and the observable predictions.

Indirect measurements in micro-space with the EM

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 598-599
Author(s):  
Sterling P. Newberry
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Information Storage ◽  
Storage Space ◽  
Indirect Measurements ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Adequate Information ◽  
Compelling Reason ◽  
The Standard Model

At the 1958 meeting of our society, then known as EMSA, the author introduced the concept of microspace and suggested its use to provide adequate information storage space and the use of electron microscope techniques to provide storage and retrieval access. At this current meeting of MSA, he wishes to suggest an additional use of the power of the electron microscope.The author has been contemplating this new use for some time and would have suggested it in the EMSA fiftieth year commemorative volume, but for page limitations. There is compelling reason to put forth this suggestion today because problems have arisen in the “Standard Model” of particle physics and funds are being greatly reduced just as we need higher energy machines to resolve these problems. Therefore, any techniques which complement or augment what we can accomplish during this austerity period with the machines at hand is worth exploring.

An Interview with the Physicist that Her Head in the Universe and Both Feet on the Earth

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adib Rifqi Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Additional Dimension ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
The Universe

Put simply, Lisa Randall’s job is to figure out how the universe works, and what it’s made of. Her contributions to theoretical particle physics include two models of space-time that bear her name. The first Randall–Sundrum model addressed a problem with the Standard Model of the universe, and the second concerned the possibility of a warped additional dimension of space. In this work, we caught up with Randall to talk about why she chose a career in physics, where she finds inspiration, and what advice she’d offer budding physicists. This article has been edited for clarity. My favourite quote in this interview is, “Figure out what you enjoy, what your talents are, and what you’re most curious to learn about.” If you insterest in her work, you can contact her on Twitter @lirarandall.

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