Africa’s Intrastate Conflicts: Relevance and Limitations of Diplomacy

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
Kidane Mengisteab
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Intrastate Conflicts ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Hiv Aids

The African continent remains besieged by many conflicts. Since 1970, Africa has seen more than thirty wars which have resulted in more than half of all war-related deaths worldwide and have produced about 9.5 million refugees (The Observer, June 15, 2003). The conflicts have led to genocide in Rwanda and gross violations of human rights, including gruesome mutilations of large numbers of people, in Sierra Leone, Burundi, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Angola, the Sudan, and Uganda. In addition to causing the collapse or near collapse of some states, these conflicts have produced severe economic dislocation and disruption in the provision of public services. Moreover, there are growing indications that they have directly or indirectly exacerbated the spread of HIV/AIDS and other infectious diseases.

scholarly journals The Kilwa Massacre: Critical Analysis for a Southern Criminology

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-147
Author(s):  
Kim Lah ◽  
Anthony Collins
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Colonial Power ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Criminal Violence ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
History Of ◽  
International Systems

This paper explores the 2004 Kilwa massacre in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) through a decolonial perspective, explaining how the massacre is situated within the history of colonial power and global capitalist relations. As such, the convergence of mining and political interests that created the context in which this violence was possible is examined, rather than the specific human rights abuses committed during the massacre. This approach highlights how such acts of violence are an ongoing factor of colonial and postcolonial exploitation, as well as the difficulties in holding the responsible parties accountable. This investigation shows the importance of developing a decolonial Southern criminology that contextualizes human rights abuses within local and international systems of power and locates acts of criminal violence within the broader networks of structural violence.

Technical Assistance Evaluation Program - - Findings of Evaluations and Updated Program

Policy Papers ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 (66) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Bankruptcy Law ◽  
Financial Systems ◽  
Evaluation Program ◽  
The Third ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Commercial Courts

This paper is the third to be issued under the Fund's Technical Assistance Evaluation Program, which was launched in FY 2003. It reports on the findings of five completed evaluations, and updates the program of evaluations for FY 2007–2009. The completed evaluations featured in this paper are: (i) an evaluation of technical assistance provided by the Legal Department to Indonesia related to the strengthening of the commercial courts and the implementation of the bankruptcy law; and (ii) evaluations of technical assistance delivered by the Monetary and Financial Systems Department to Sierra Leone, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Kosovo to strengthen capacity in the financial sector.

Protection of Civilians

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-274
Author(s):  
Walt Kilroy
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

The protection of civilians was first included the mandate of a UN peacekeeping operation in 1999, and has since become a standard item on the list of tasks for integrated missions. The wording of the mandates has also become more ambitious, and force is not only permitted but has been used in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in tackling armed groups that were preying on civilians. Protecting civilians from direct physical violence is not simply a military matter, and it includes promoting political processes and improving the human rights environment. But the possibility of UN peacekeepers using force is a further step in the fundamental changes seen in peace operations since they began as a cautious, neutral presence where peace was already in place. Protecting civilians goes to the heart of peacekeeping, with very real dilemmas on whether and how to act. There can be significant consequences for civilians and conflict dynamics, whatever decisions are made.

Background Paper for MFD Technical Assistance to Recent Post-Conflict Countries

Policy Papers ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 2004 (49) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Republic Of The Congo

This paper provides background information to the paper “MFD Technical Assistance to Recent Post-Conflict Countries.” The paper presents case studies on eight countries: Afghanistan, Cambodia, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Iraq, Kosovo, Serbia, Sierra Leone, and Timor-Leste.

scholarly journals Association of Previous Measles Infection With Markers of Acute Infectious Disease Among 9- to 59-Month-Old Children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayley R Ashbaugh ◽  
James D Cherry ◽  
Nicole A Hoff ◽  
Reena H Doshi ◽  
Vivian H Alfonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Maternal Recall ◽  
Acute Infectious Disease ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
History Of ◽  
Measles Vaccination

Abstract Background Transient immunosuppression and increased susceptibility to other infections after measles infection is well known, but recent studies have suggested the occurrence of an “immune amnesia” that could have long-term immunosuppressive effects. Methods We examined the association between past measles infection and acute episodes of fever, cough, and diarrhea among 2350 children aged 9 to 59 months whose mothers were selected for interview in the 2013–2014 Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). Classification of children who had had measles was completed using maternal recall and measles immunoglobulin G serostatus obtained via dried-blood-spot analysis with a multiplex immunoassay. The association with time since measles infection and fever, cough, and diarrhea outcomes was also examined. Results The odds of fever in the previous 2 weeks were 1.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25–2.60) among children for whom measles was reported compared to children with no history of measles. Measles vaccination demonstrated a protective association against selected clinical markers of acute infectious diseases. Conclusion Our results suggest that measles might have a long-term effect on selected clinical markers of acute infectious diseases among children aged 9 to 59 months in the DRC. These findings support the immune-amnesia hypothesis suggested by others and underscore the need for continued evaluation and improvement of the DRC’s measles vaccination program.

A revision of the Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) dispar Kerremans species-group (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4851 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-534
Author(s):  
SVATOPLUK BÍLÝ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New Synonymy

The taxonomic revision of the Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) dispar Kerremans, 1898 species-group. Definition of the species-group and descriptions of three new species: Anthaxia (Haplanthaxia) aethiopica sp. nov. (Ethiopia), A. (H.) caerulea sp. nov. (Democratic Republic of the Congo) and A. (H.) occidentalis sp. nov. (Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo). New species are described, illustrated and compared with other species of the species-group. Anthaxia (H.) komareki Obenberger, 1931 is removed from the synonymy of A. (H.) pilifrons Kerremans, 1898 and it is treated as a separate species. New synonymy is suggested: A. (H.) dispar Kerremans, 1898 = A. (H.) hyperlasia Obenberger, 1928, syn. nov. All species are keyed and the questionable taxonomic position of A. (H.) vulpes Théry, 1930 is briefly discussed. 

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