K-shell transitions in L-shell ions with the EBIT calorimeter spectrometer

AbstractWith the large improvement in effective area of Astro-H's micro-calorimeter soft X-ray spectrometer (SXS) over grating spectrometers, high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy with good signal to noise will become more commonly available, also for faint and extended sources. This will result in a range of spectral lines being resolved for the first time in celestial sources, especially in the Fe region. However, a large number of X-ray line energies in the atomic databases are known to a lesser accuracy than that expected for Astro-H/SXS, or have no known uncertainty at all. To benchmark the available calculations, we have therefore started to measure reference energies of K-shell transition in L-shell ions for astrophysically relevant elements in the range 11≤ Z ≤ 28 (Na to Ni), using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's EBIT-I electron beam ion trap coupled with the NASA/GSFC EBIT calorimeter spectrometer (ECS). The ECS has a resolution of ~5 e V, i.e., similar to Astro-H/SXS and Chandra/HETG. A comparison to crystal spectra of lower charge states of sulfur with ~0.6 e V resolution shows that the analysis of spectra taken at ECS resolution allows to determine the transition energies of the strongest components.

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Spectra of Ga-Like to Cu-Like Praseodymium and Neodymium Ions Observed in the Large Helical Device

Atoms ◽

10.3390/atoms9030046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Chihiro Suzuki ◽

Fumihiro Koike ◽

Izumi Murakami ◽

Tetsutarou Oishi ◽

Naoki Tamura

Keyword(s):

Electron Beam ◽

High Temperature ◽

Ion Trap ◽

Extreme Ultraviolet ◽

Spectral Feature ◽

Spectral Lines ◽

Electron Beam Ion Trap ◽

Magnetically Confined ◽

First Time ◽

Charged Ions

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) spectra of highly charged praseodymium (Pr) and neodymium (Nd) ions have been investigated in optically thin high-temperature plasmas produced in the Large Helical Device (LHD), a magnetically confined torus device for fusion research. Discrete spectral lines emitted mainly from highly charged ions having 4s or 4p outermost electrons were observed in plasmas with electron temperatures of 0.8–1.8 keV. Most of the isolated lines of Ga-like to Cu-like Nd ions were identified by a comparison with the recent data recorded in an electron beam ion trap (EBIT). The isolated lines of Pr ions corresponding to the identified lines of Nd ions were easily assigned from a similarity of the spectral feature for these two elements. As a result, some of the lines of Pr ions have been newly identified experimentally for the first time in this study.

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An overview of EBIT data needed for experiments on laser-producedplasmas

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p07-179 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 259-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M B Schneider ◽

R Mancini ◽

K Widmann ◽

K B Fournier ◽

G V Brown ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inertial Confinement Fusion ◽

Ion Trap ◽

Spectral Lines ◽

Inertial Confinement ◽

X Ray ◽

Electron Beam Ion Trap ◽

Confinement Fusion ◽

Long Pulse ◽

Underdense Plasma ◽

Line Positions

Data produced by an electron beam ion trap (EBIT) can be crucial for interpreting spectra from plasmas created by long-pulse lasers. Four example spectra are considered: (i) the spectra from the hot gold plasma in the laser deposition region of a hot hohlraum, (ii) the He-β spectra from an argon-doped imploding core of an inertial confinement fusion capsule, (iii) the polarization in spectral lines produced by hot electrons generated by laser-plasma parametric instabilities, and (iv) the spectra of the underdense plasma from an aerogel X-ray source. The EBIT data needed for these cases are: (i) the line positions for 3 → 2 transitions in open M shell gold ions, (ii) the Li-like satellite lines for the K-β transition in open L shell argon ions, (iii) the polarization of suitable X-ray lines at 30 keV, and (iv) the precise wavelengths of K lines of highly charged Si ions and the precise wavelengths of L and K lines of highly charged Ge ions.PACS Nos.: 52.25.Os, 52.38.–4, 52.38.Bv, 52.57.–z, 52.57.Fg, 52.59.Px, 52.70.–m 52.70.La

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Soft-X-ray spectra of highly charged Au ions in an electron-beam ion trap

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p00-104 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 79 (2-3) ◽

pp. 153-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

E Träbert ◽

P Beiersdorfer ◽

K B Fournier ◽

S B Utter ◽

K L Wong

Keyword(s):

Electron Beam ◽

Beam Energy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Ion Trap ◽

Electron Beam Energy ◽

X Ray ◽

Maximum Charge ◽

Electron Beam Ion Trap ◽

Atomic Structure Calculations ◽

Structure Calculations

Systematic variation of the electron-beam energy in an electron-beam ion trap has been employed to produce soft-X-ray spectra (20 to 60 Å) of Au with well-defined maximum charge states ranging from Br- to Co-like ions. Guided by large-scale relativistic atomic structure calculations, the strongest Δn = 0 (n = 4 to n' = 4) transitions in Rb- to Cu-like ions (Au42+ Au50+) have been identified. PACS Nos.: 32.30Rj, 39.30+w, 31.50+w, 32.20R

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Milestones in EBIT spectroscopy and why it almost did not work

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p07-110 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 11-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

R E Marrs

Keyword(s):

Ion Trap ◽

High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽

X Ray ◽

Neutral Gas ◽

Ion Cooling ◽

Electron Beam Ion Trap ◽

Electron Current Density ◽

Sufficient Intensity ◽

X Ray Background ◽

Very High

The electron beam ion trap (EBIT) spectroscopy that now seems routine would not be possible without considerable good luck in several areas of EBIT technology. Among these are X-ray background, ion cooling, neutral gas density, and electron current density and energy control. A favorable outcome in these areas has enabled clean X-ray spectra, sufficient intensity for high-resolution spectroscopy, production of very high-charge states, and a remarkable variety of spectroscopic measurements. During construction of the first EBIT 20 years ago, it was not clear that any of this was possible.PACS Nos.: 34.80.Kw, 32.30.Rj

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Measurements of L‐shell X‐ray emission lines of neonlike europium on an electron beam ion trap

X-Ray Spectrometry ◽

10.1002/xrs.3038 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Peter Beiersdorfer ◽

Natalie Hell ◽

Dmytro Panchenko ◽

Greg V. Brown ◽

Elmar Träbert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Beam ◽

Ion Trap ◽

Emission Lines ◽

X Ray ◽

Electron Beam Ion Trap

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A brief review of the intensity of lines 3C and 3D in neon-like Fe XVII

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p07-158 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 199-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

G V Brown

Keyword(s):

Electron Beam ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Ion Trap ◽

Diagnostic Utility ◽

The Sun ◽

Model Calculations ◽

Atomic Theory ◽

X Ray ◽

Electron Beam Ion Trap ◽

Intercombination Line

X-ray emission from neon-like Fe XVII has been measured with high-resolution spectrometers from laboratory or celestial sources for nearly seven decades. Two of the strongest lines regularly identified in these spectra are the 1P1 → 1S0 resonance and the 3D1 → 1S0 intercombination line, known as 3C and 3D, respectively. This paper gives a brief overview of measurements of the intensities of the lines 3C and 3D from laboratory and celestial sources and their comparison to model calculations, with an emphasis on measurements completed using an electron beam ion trap. It includes a discussion of the measured absolute cross sections compared with results from modern atomic theory calculations as well as the diagnostic utility of the relative intensity, R = I3C/I3CD, as it applies to the interpretation of spectra measured from the Sun and extra-solar sources. PACS Nos.: 32.30.Rj, 32.30.–r, 32.70.Cs, 52.72.+v, 95.85.Nv, 96.60.P–, 97.10.Ex

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