The effect of thermally activated natural zeolite on colostral IgGl, IgM and Aga absorption in newborn Holstein calves

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 210-210
Author(s):  
A. A. Sadeghi ◽  
A. Nikkhah ◽  
P. Shawrang
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Ion Exchanger ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Open Cavities ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Neonatal Calves

Neonatal calves are born with no immunoglobulins (Igs) in the blood stream and rely on Ig from colostrum through passive immunity transfer. Unfortunately, transfer of passive immunity to neonatal calves is too often inadequate, resulting in excessive rates of morbidity and mortality. Natural zeolite is characterized by framework of linked tetra hydration enclosing open cavities in the form of channels, and cages with ion exchanger and adsorption capacity. In literature, there were reported that thermally activated natural zeolite (T-zeolite) could increase colostral IgG absorption and decrease susceptibility of neonates to infections (Sadeghi et al., 2004; Stojic et al., 1995). To our knowledge, little information is available concerning the effect of thermally activated natural zeolite on colostral IgG1, IgM and IgA absorption in neonates. Our experiment was designed to investigate the effect of thermally activated natural zeolite on colostral IgG1, IgM and IgA absorption in newborn Holstein calves.

Effects of thermally activated natural zeolite on faecal consistency score and performance of Holstein calves from birth to 6-month of ages

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 ◽  
pp. 203-203
Author(s):  
A. A. Sadeghi ◽  
A. Nikkhah ◽  
P. Shawrang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Heat Processing ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Faecal Consistency ◽  
Open Cavities ◽  
Synthetic Zeolites ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Faecal Score ◽  
Igg1 Concentration

Natural Zeolite are characterized by framework of linked tetra hydration enclosing open cavities in the form of channels, and cages which are commonly occupied by water molecules and cations (Tomlinson, 1998). Various applications of natural and synthetic zeolites in animal nutrition, and in other uses to cope with environmental problems are widely known (Sadeghi et al., 2004; Nikkhah and Sadeghi, 2004; Tomlinson, 1998). Heat processing changes the structure of this clay and makes it as a material with Cation Exchange and adsorption properties. To our knowledge, little information is available concerning the effect of thermally activated natural zeolite on plasma IgG1 concentration, and performance of Holstein calves from birth to 6-month ages. This study was conducted to determine the effect of T-zeolite on faecal score and performance of Holstein calves from birth to 6-month ages.

Morphologic and Molecular Characterization of Salmonella typhimurium Infection in Neonatal Calves

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Santos ◽  
S. Zhang ◽  
R. M. Tsolis ◽  
A. J. Bäumler ◽  
L. G. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Loop Model ◽  
Ileal Loop ◽  
Chemotactic Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Neonatal Calves

The host response to Salmonella plays a major role in the outcome of infection. The present study was undertaken to further characterize Salmonella typhimurium infection in neonatal calves at both the morphologic and the molecular level using the ligated ileal loop model. Eight 4–5-week-old male Holstein calves underwent laparotomy, and loops were prepared in the ileum. The loops were either inoculated with an S. typhimurium strain pathogenic for cattle or injected with sterile LB broth as control. Samples for histology, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and RNA extraction were collected at various time points between 5 minutes and 12 hours postinfection. Invasion of both M cells and enterocytes began at 15 minutes postinfection. No specific cell type was the main target for invasion. Intracellular bacteria were observed in the lamina propria after 1 hour postinfection. A severe acute neutrophilic response was associated with invasion of the Peyer's patches. Upregulated expression of CXC chemokines (interleukin [IL]-8, growth-related oncogenes, [GRO] α and γ, and granulocyte chemotactic protein [GCP]2) was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction beginning at 1 hour postinfection. Expression of proinflammatory (IL-1β, IL-18, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF]α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-1Ra, and IL-4) cytokines was also assessed. A marked increase in expression of IL-1β was observed, whereas the profile of expression of IL-18 and TNFα did not change after infection. Upregulation of IL-1Ra and IL-4 but not of IL-10 was observed. These findings indicate that infection of bovine ligated ileal loops with S. typhimurium results in an acute neutrophilic inflammatory response that is associated with the upregulation of CXC chemokines (IL-8, GROα and γ, and GCP2), IL-1β, IL-1Ra, and IL-4.

scholarly journals Study of The Acid-Base Effect on Zeolite Activation and Its Characterization as Adsorbent of Methylene Blue Dye

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulius Dala Ngapa
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Equilibrium Process

<p>Activation is one of the processes by which are mostly done to improve the quality of natural zeolite. Activation process by zeolite will change the ratio of the Si/Al and can increase the formation of empty cavities so that the capability of zeolite as an adsorbent be optimal. In this research, natural zeolite from the district of Ende, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Activation Ende natural zeolite done chemically using HCl and NaOH solution, with variations concentrate 0,5 M; 1,5 M; and 3,0 M. Next, zeolite which has activated used to adsorb dye methylene blue. Based on the research results, chemically of activation from natural zeolite can increase the adsorption capacity to substance methylene blue. The adsorption capacity in the Ende natural and after activation is 17,289 mg/g and 19,98 mg/g respectively. The Langmuir model most closely matched the isothermal adsorption of equilibrium process.</p>

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Transformation of Natural Zeolite from Ende-NTT and Its Application as Adsorbent of Cationic Dye

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulius Dala Ngapa ◽  
Sri Sugiarti ◽  
Zaenal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Synthetic Zeolite ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Hydrothermal Transformation ◽  
Equilibrium Process

A synthetic zeolite was produced from natural zeolite from Ende-Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) by hydrothermal method. This study aims to produce synthetic zeolite from Ende natural zeolite to remove cation dye through the adsorption process. Temperature of crystal formation (ageing) was performed at 60 °C for 6 h and hydrothermal process was at 100 °C for 24 h. The natural zeolite produced synthetic NaP1 and synthetic Faujasite. Based on the research results, the synthesis of zeolite by the hydrothermal method can enhance the adsorption capacity and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC). The adsorption capacity in the natural zeolites of type ZG, ZL and ZC before the hydrothermal process were 17.289, 17.276, and 16.483 mg/g, respectively, and after hydrothermal they increased to 37.398, 37.369 and 37.362 mg/g, respectively. In addition, the CEC increased from 84.154, 81.042, and 77.474 cmol/kg, respectively, to 244.063, 216.354, and 211.432 cmol/kg, respectively. The Langmuir model most closely matched the isothermal adsorption equilibrium process.

scholarly journals Prepartum Supplementation to Improve Transfer of Passive Immunity and Growth

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Silva ◽  
Muller ◽  
Cavalieri ◽  
Fordyce
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Stress ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Neonatal Calves

Late pregnant cows often experience nutritional stress in northern Australia, which reducescolostrum secretion, health, and likelihood of survival of neonatal calves [...]

Failure of passive transfer in foals

UK-Vet Equine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Catriona Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Treatment Management ◽  
Immunodeficiency Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk

Foals are born with a naive immune system, and rely upon the ingestion and absorption of immunoglobulins from the dam's colostrum to obtain passive immunity. Failure of passive transfer (FPT) is the most common immunodeficiency disorder in the horse and is associated with an increased risk of infectious disease and mortality. Routine screening is recommended, to allow early detection and treatment. Management of failure of passive transfer is dependent on the age of the foal at the time of diagnosis, but primarily involves intravenous plasma administration or the administration of colostrum (orally or via nasogastric intubation). Given the association between IgG concentration and clinical outcome, early detection and management of FPT are important in reducing morbidity and mortality in neonatal foals.

scholarly journals PHENOMENON OF LOCAL SKIN REACTIVITY TO BACTERIAL FILTRATES: PASSIVE IMMUNITY TO REACTING FACTORS

1931 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Shwartzman
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Immune Serum ◽  
Passive Immunity ◽  
Local Skin ◽  
Serum Therapy ◽  
The Law

It has proved possible to elicit passive immunity to B. typhosus reacting factors by means of normal and immune homologous neutralizing antibodies. The in vivo serum protection against these factors followed the law of multiple proportions. There was observed a considerable loss of antibodies from the blood stream. Passive immunity was best obtained when the immune serum was injected intravenously ½ hour before the intravenous injection of the reacting factors. It was possible to prevent the occurrence of the local skin reaction by an intravenous injection of serum after the intravenous injection of the reacting factors, provided the serum dose was very large and provided the serum injection was made immediately after the filtrate injection. A number of experiments clearly demonstrated the interesting fact that the greater the amount of antiserum injected intravenously, the more efficient was the in vivo neutralization, in a ratio distinctly greater than the quantitative increase of serum. It is suggested that there may be a practical value of the observation in relation to serum therapy. The results also demonstrated passive serum protection against the lethal effect of B. typhosus "agar washings" filtrates, in a ratio which seemed to suggest the law of multiple proportions.

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