Prediction of in vivo digestibility of forages using in vitro techniques: comparison of the two-stage Tilley & Terry method with a gas production method

During the past twenty years the in vitro, two-stage digestibility method of Tilley and Terry (1963) has been widely used to predict the in vivo digestible organic matter content (DOMD) of forage dry matter. Recently in vitro gas production methods have attracted considerable research interest because of their potential to simulate the fermentation kinetics of forages in the rumen. However the potential of gas production methods to assess DOMD, as well as fermentation kinetics, has not been reported.

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Comparison of four in vitro gas production methods to study rumen fermentation kinetics of starch rich feeds

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200596379 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 1997 ◽

pp. 196-196

Author(s):

S. Fakhri ◽

A. R. Moss ◽

D.I. Givens ◽

E. Owen

Keyword(s):

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Production Methods ◽

Fermentation Kinetics ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Production Techniques ◽

Kinetics Of

Recently, the automatic in vitro gas production techniques (e.g. Cone. 1994; Theodorou et al., 1994) have been developed to study rumen fermentation kinetics. Many approaches have been taken. This work investigates the suitability of different methods for estimating the rumen fermentation of two starch rich feedstuffs.

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Use of the gas production technique to investigate responses of supplementing low quality forages. 1. In vitro interactions

BSAP Occasional Publication ◽

10.1017/s0263967x0003233x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 92-94

Author(s):

C. D. Wood ◽

A. H. Murray ◽

A. R. Moss ◽

D. I. Givens

Keyword(s):

Crop Residue ◽

Crop Residues ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Production Method ◽

Gas Production ◽

Short Supply ◽

Dry Seasons ◽

In Vitro Interactions

Nitrogen-deficient fibrous crop residues are widely used as basal diets in less developed countries, particularly in dry seasons when alternative foods are often in short supply. One approach to improving animal performance on crop residue based diets is to include a supplement of improved quality food to provide fermentable protein and energy. There are no established in vitro methods for investigating interactions between foods but the in vitro gas production method shows promise in this regard (Prasad et al., 1994). This paper describes the interactions observed in vitro; an accompanying paper (Murray et al., 1998) describes in vivo responses to supplementation and relationships between in vitro and in vivo data.

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Relationships between Digestibility and Energy Value in Primary Growth Fresh Herbage

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600016603 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 1988 ◽

pp. 17-17

Author(s):

D I Givens ◽

Jeannie M Everington

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Matter Content ◽

Pure Species ◽

Digestible Organic Matter ◽

Metabolisable Energy ◽

Fibre Fraction

Despite its importance, relatively few measurements have been made of the metabolisable energy (ME) content of fresh herbage. Changes in the nutritive value of spring herbage are commonly described in terms of its digestible organic matter content (DOMD) either measured in vitro or predicted from a fibre fraction. ME is normally assumed to be directly proportional to DOMD.Energetic studies of herbage such as those of Armstrong (1964) and Beever et al (1985) have been restricted to pure species and one location. The purpose of the present experiment was to examine changes in DOMD and energy values with increasing maturity in vivo using sheep in commercial swards over several years.

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Relationship between in vivo, in situ and in vitro techniques for evaluation of tropical forages in Brazil

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200007973 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2002 ◽

pp. 141-141

Author(s):

Ives C.S. Bueno ◽

Sergio L.S. Cabral Filho ◽

Liliana L. Oetting ◽

Mariana C. Machado ◽

Sarita P. Gobbo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Gas Production ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

In Vitro Techniques ◽

Evaluation Systems ◽

Similar Information ◽

Tropical Forages

In vivo experiments are the preferred method for ruminant feed evaluation, but they are very expensive, laborious and time-consuming. In situ and in vitro techniques are commonly used as a routine all over the world as a predictor of in vivo results. In situ assays have been the basis of many feed evaluation systems due to its ease of use and low cost. In vitro techniques, such as gas production, give an opportunity to get similar information plus a better description of fermentative kinetics. The aim of this work was to compare data obtained from in vivo, in vitro and in situ assays for the evaluation of three tropical forages used in ruminant nutrition in Brazil.

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A history ofin vitrotechniques

BSAP Occasional Publication ◽

10.1017/s0263967x00032213 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

D. J. Minson

Keyword(s):

Continuous Fermentation ◽

In Vitro Digestion ◽

Food Samples ◽

Gas Production ◽

In Vitro Techniques ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Calibration Methods ◽

Micro Organisms

AbstractRegressions relating in vivo digestibility to chemical composition of the food have residual standard deviations that are unacceptably high. The development of the two-stage in vitro technique inoculated with rumen liquor (Tilley and Terry, 1963) allowed dry-matter digestibility to be predicted with greater accuracy. This success was followed by a series of developments which replaced rumen liquor with inoculum produced from fresh or preserved faeces collected from sheep or cattle. Other methods used inoculum from a continuous fermentation containing rumen micro-organisms and enzymes produced by fungi. Another modification was to use gas production as a measure of in vitro digestion. The range of nutritional problems that could be measured by in vitro techniques was extended to include the estimation of voluntary food intake and protein degradation. All these in vitro techniques require standardization using food samples that have previously been analysed in vitro or offered as the sole diet to animals. The relative merits of these two calibration methods are discussed. Special facilities are required for storing and distributing these standard foods.

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Prediction of forage intake using in vitro gas production methods: Comparison of multiphase fermentation kinetics measured in an automated gas test, and combined gas volume and substrate degradability measurements in a manual syringe system

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.04.040 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 123-124 ◽

pp. 517-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

M. Blümmel ◽

J.W. Cone ◽

A.H. Van Gelder ◽

I. Nshalai ◽

N.N. Umunna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Production ◽

Methods Comparison ◽

Production Methods ◽

Fermentation Kinetics ◽

In Vitro Gas Production ◽

Forage Intake ◽

Gas Volume

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Comparison of three in vitro methods for determining and predicting the organic matter digestibility of complete diets for ruminants

Acta periodica technologica ◽

10.2298/apt0940079p ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 79-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dragan Palic ◽

Klaas-Jan Leeuw

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Prediction Equation ◽

Gas Production ◽

Two Stage ◽

In Vitro Methods ◽

The Mean ◽

Organic Matter Digestibility ◽

Analytical Laboratories

In this study, the organic matter digestibility (OMD) of six complete diets for ruminants has been determined in-vivo in trials with sheep and in-vitro using two-stage Tilley and Terry (T&T) method, gas production (GP) technique and multi-enzyme incubation (EDOM) procedures. The mean OMD values obtained in vivo and using T&T, GP and EDOM techniques were 684, 716, 685 and 710 g OM/kgDM respectively and did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The obtained in vitro results were regressed against determined in-vivo values to derive prediction equations. Using the T&T technique, the prediction equation OMD (in_vivo) = -17.36 + 0.98 x OMD (in_vitro_T&T), (R2 = 0.75; RMSE = 37.59) has been obtained. The equation OMD (in_vivo) = 198.98 + 0.71 x OMD (in_vitro_GP), (R2 = 0.21; RMSE = 66.36) has been derived for Gas production procedure, while the equation OMD (in_vivo) = 102 + 0.82 x OMD (in_vitro_EDOM), (R2 = 0.86; RMSE = 27.30) has been generated for multi-enzyme incubation technique. The results of this study showed that the OMD of complete diets for ruminants can be successfully determined, and in-vivo values predicted, using multi-enzyme incubation procedure, which is important because of the fact that rumen liquor, needed for the in-vitro twostage T&T and GP techniques is not always available to analytical laboratories.

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To test the repeatability of a gas production method for assessing the in vitro fermentation of forages using micro-organisms derived from a rumen simulation technique (rusitec) or from sheep rumen liquor

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s0308229600028828 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 1995 ◽

pp. 116-116

Author(s):

J H T Barbi ◽

E Owen ◽

M K Theodorou

Keyword(s):

Production Method ◽

Gas Production ◽

Simulation Technique ◽

In Vitro Fermentation ◽

Fermentation Kinetics ◽

Sheep Rumen ◽

Micro Organisms ◽

Kinetics Of

When forage in vitro digestibilities are determined on different occasions, they can be different and this is generally related to differences in rumen liquor from which the microbial inoculum was obtained. Experiment 1 of the present study, using rumen liquor only, investigated whether fermentation kinetics of forages as determined by in vitro gas production assays (Theodorou et al, 1994) made on different occasions are repeatable. It was argued that kinetics of fermentation were likely to be more sensitive to quality of rumen micro-organisms than digestibility assessment.In previous experiments (Barbi et al, 1993, 1994a 1994b) to minimize the reliance on fistulated animals in feed evaluation, RUSITEC fluid was used to replace strained rumen liquor as the inoculum for the gas production method (PTT) of Theodorou et al (1994). Experiment 2 investigated whether the day-to-day repeatability of gas production assays using RUSITEC fluid was comparable to that using sheep rumen liquor.

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Comparison of organic matter digestibility determined by in vivo and in vitro methods

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/3994-cjas ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 47-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. Forejtová ◽

F. Lád ◽

J. Třináctý ◽

M. Richter ◽

L. Gruber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Two Stage ◽

In Vitro Techniques ◽

In Vitro Methods ◽

Organic Matter Digestibility

A total of 36 samples of feed – 19 samples of hays and 17 samples of silages were used for estimation of in vivo and in vitro digestibility. The organic matter digestibility (OMD) was estimated by in vivo and two in vitro techniques (method of Tilley and Terry and two-stage pepsin-cellulase method (Pepcel)). The regression equations were calculated from the results obtained in the experiment. Tilley and Terry method provided consistent results of OMD estimation for both the groups of roughages: in vivo OMD = 14.7 + 0.782 × [Tilley and Terry] (n = 18; R2 = 0.76); in vivo OMD = 36.3 + 0.513 × [Tilley and Terry] (n = 16; R2 = 0.75) for hays and silages, respectively. Different accuracy was found out in Pepcel method: in vivo OMD = 37.0 + 0.478 × [Pepcel] (n = 19; R2 = 0.49); in vivo OMD = 37.8 + 0.484 × [Pepcel] (n = 17; R2 = 0.87) for hays and silages, respectively.

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