Major nappe-like D2 folds in the Dalradian rocks of the Beinn Udlaidh area, Central Highlands, Scotland

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (04) ◽  
pp. 371-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Geoff Tanner ◽  
Peter R. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
The Core ◽  
Metamorphic Peak ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Central Highlands ◽  
Inclusion Trails ◽  
Maximum Development ◽  
Structural Continuity

ABSTRACTTwo regional-scale, recumbent folds control the structure of the Beinn Udlaidh area, Tyndrum, Perthshire. They reached their maximum development during D2, following the regional metamorphic peak, and are part of a stack of larger SE-facing recumbent folds formed during the ∼470 Ma Grampian Orogeny. The rocks belong to the Neoproterozoic–Lower Ordovician Dalradian Supergroup, and preserve a sedimentary transition between the Grampian Group and the overlying Appin Group. The latter occupies the core of the S-facing, recumbent Beinn Udlaidh Syncline (D2) which, with the underlying complementary Glen Lochy Anticline, is gently folded by a regional-scale structure, the Orchy Dome. The recumbent folds postdate an early fabric (S1), which is generally obliterated by the D2 imprint, but preserved as inclusion trails in regional metamorphic garnets, that are highly oblique to, and wrapped by, S2. It is concluded that the Dalradian rocks described here from below the Iltay Boundary Slide are in structural continuity with those of the Tay Nappe above, and that the Slide represents a structurally-modified disconformity between the Leven Schist (Appin Group) and the overlying Ben Lui Schist (Argyll Group). The Orchy Dome probably influenced the spatial distribution of minor intrusions and explosion vents of the lamprophyre suite.

Ludwig Mayer, a prominent collector of minerals and his collection in the National Museum in Prague

2018 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-84
Author(s):  
Miroslav Radoň ◽  
Dalibor Velebil
Keyword(s):  
National Museum ◽  
The Core ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Central Highlands

Ludwig Mayer (*1879, †?) was an significant collector of minerals from Bílina near Teplice. He personally searched minerals in terrain. He also purchased large amount of minerals from dealers or exchanged with other collectors. He deserved a number of interesting or completely new mineralogical findings, which were enriching the overall knowledge of mineralogical conditions of the Bohemian Central Highlands. Many of his findings were published by profesor Josef Emanuel Hibsch (*1852, †1940), the greatest expert on geological conditions of the Bohemian Central Highlands. From 1939 to 1945 Mayer was the manager of geological collections of the museum in Teplice. A total of 596 pieces of minerals from the Mayer’s collection came to the systematic part of the mineralogical collection of the National Museum in Prague. The core of this amount consists of documentary valuable minerals from several important mineralogical sites of the Central Bohemian Highlands, such as Dolní Zálezly, Církvice, Mariánská Rock in Ústí nad Labem, Radejčín and new site Chudoslavice with yellow crystals of chabazite, discovered by Mayer. A total of 54 samples of minerals from the Mayer collection were selected for the newly prepared permanent exhibition of minerals of the National Museum in Prague.

Age, evolution and tectonic history of the Highland Border Complex, Scotland

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon B. Curry ◽  
B. J. Bluck ◽  
C. J. Burton ◽  
J. K. Ingham ◽  
David J. Siveter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
North American Plate ◽  
Tectonic History ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
Northwestern Margin ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Palaeozoic ◽  
Western Ireland

I. ABSTRACT: Research interest in the Highland Border Complex has been pursued sporadically during the past 150 years. The results and conclusions have emphasised the problems of dealing with a lithologically disparate association which crops out in isolated, fault-bounded slivers along the line of the Highland Boundary fault. For much of the present century, the debate has centred on whether the rocks of the complex have affinities with the Dalradian Supergroup to the N, or are a discrete group. Recent fossil discoveries in a wide variety of Highland Border rocks have confirmed that many are of Ordovician age, and hence cannot have been involved in at least the early Grampian deformational events (now accurately dated as pre-Ordovician) which affect the Dalradian Supergroup. Such palaeontological discoveries form the basis for a viable biostratigraphical synthesis. On a regional scale, it is apparent that the geological history of the Highland Border rocks must be viewed in the context of plate boundary tectonism along the entire northwestern margin of Iapetus during Palaeozoic times.II. ABSTRACT: Silicified articulate brachiopods from the Lower Ordovician (Arenig) Dounans Limestone are extremely rare but the stratigraphically diagnostic generaArchaeorthisSchuchert and Cooper, andOrthidiumHall and Clarke, have been identified. In addition, three specimens with characteristic syntrophiid morphology have been recovered. Inarticulate brachiopods are known from Stonehaven and Bofrishlie Burn near Aberfoyle, and have also been previously recorded from Arran.III. ABSTRACT: Micropalaeontological investigation of the Highland Border Complex has produced a range of microfossils including chitinozoans, coleolids, calcispheres and other more enigmatic objects. The stratigraphical ranges of the species lie almost entirely within the Ordovician and reveal a scatter of ages for different lithologies from the Arenig through to the Caradoc or Ashgill, with a pronounced erosional break between the Llandeilo and the Caradoc.IV. ABSTRACT: A Lower Ordovician (Arenig Series) silicified ostracode fauna from the Highland Border Dounans Limestone at Lime Craig Quarry, Aberfoyle, Central Scotland, represents the earliest record of this group of Crustacea from the British part of the early Palaeozoic ‘North American’ plate.V. ABSTRACT: Palaeontological age determinations for a variety of Highland Border rocks are presented. The data are based on the results of recent prospecting which has demonstrated that macro- and microfossils are present in a much greater range of Highland Border lithologies than previously realised. Data from other studies are also incorporated, as are modern taxonomie re-assessments of older palaeontological discoveries, in a comprehensive survey of Highland Border biostratigraphy. These accumulated data demonstrate that all fossiliferous Highland Border rocks so far discovered are of Ordovician age, with the exception of the Lower Cambrian Leny Limestone.VI. ABSTRACT: The Highland Border Complex consists of at least four rock assemblages: a serpentinite and possibly other ophiolitic rocks of Early or pre-Arenig age; a sequence of limestones and conglomerates of Early Arenig age; a succession of dark shales, cherts, quartz wackes, basic lavas and associated volcanogenic sediments of Llanvirn and ? earlier age; and an assemblage of limestones, breccias, conglomerates and arenites with subordinate shales of Caradoc or Ashgill age. At least three assemblages are divided by unconformities and in theirmost general aspect have similarities with coeval rocks in western Ireland.The Highland Border Complex probably formed N of the Midland Valley arc massif in a marginal sea comparable with the Sunda shelf adjacent to Sumatra–Java. Strike-slip and thrust emplacement of the whole Complex in at least four episodes followed the probable generation of all or part of its rocks by pull-apart mechanisms.

scholarly journals Large-Scale Structure in the Universe: Spatial Distribution and Peculiar Velocities

1987 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 335-348
Author(s):  
Neta A. Bahcall
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Scale Structure ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Large Scale Structures ◽  
Peculiar Velocities ◽  
Scale Structures ◽  
The Universe

The evidence for the existence of very large scale structures, ∼ 100h−1Mpc in size, as derived from the spatial distribution of clusters of galaxies is summarized. Detection of a ∼ 2000 kms−1 elongation in the redshift direction in the distribution of the clusters is also described. Possible causes of the effect are peculiar velocities of clusters on scales of 10–100h−1Mpc and geometrical elongation of superclusters. If the effect is entirely due to the peculiar velocities of clusters, then superclusters have masses of order 1016.5M⊙ and may contain a larger amount of dark matter than previously anticipated.

scholarly journals STATUS OF THE INVASION OF A POACEAE SPECIES IN TROPICAL SEMIARID RESERVOIRS

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M.A. ALVES ◽  
M.B. ALBUQUERQUE ◽  
L.G. BARBOSA
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Statistical Computing ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
R Program ◽  
R Project ◽  
Environmental Instability ◽  
Biotic Acceptance

ABSTRACT The species of the Urochloa genus, exotic and infesting in Brazilian waters, are known to be invasive and dominant, occupying from humid, shallow areas, and irrigation canals to margins of deep reservoirs. This paper hypothesis that less depth reservoirs have higher infestation rate and higher biomass of U. arrecta. The objectives were to measure the percentage of occurrence of exotic macrophyte U. arrecta in 40 ecosystems from the Mamanguape basin (Paraíba, Brazil) and determine the infestation of the species in two reservoirs. The acquired data were geo-referenced with the ArcGIS software (v. 9.3). A covariance analysis was performed using the R program (The R project is Statistical Computing). The results showed large spatial distribution of the species, indicating that reservoirs may act as steppingstones in the landscape, in a regional scale. The hypothesis of biotic acceptance is seen as a relevant factor in explaining the presence of the species with low percentage of occurrence in 37 out of the 40 sampled ecosystems, being observed only in areas prone to the colonization of native and naturalized macrophytes, in banks and points of lower declivity, in both spatial scales studied. Thus, factors such as environmental instability (promoted by intermittent or prolonged desiccation of the habitat), shadowing and declivity of the reservoirs synergistically acted on exotic and native species.

scholarly journals Interferometric Observations for O-Containing Organic Molecules Towards Orion-KL

1994 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 238-240
Author(s):  
Y. C. Minh ◽  
M. Ohishi ◽  
D. G. Roh ◽  
M. Ishiguro
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Angular Size ◽  
The Core ◽  
Resolution Observation ◽  
Total Column

AbstractHigh spatial resolution observation (~ 5 arcsec) were made for CH3OH, HCOOCH3, and (CH3)2O toward Orion-KL using the Nobeyama Millimeter Array. The spatial distribution of CH3OH appears to be well elongated along the line connecting IRc2 and “the southern condensation (SC)”. The HCOOCH3 and (CH3)2O emissions appear to be well concentrated to SC with an angular size of ~ 6.5 arcsec. We derive the total column densities 6.8 × 1017cm−2, 1.4 × 1016cm−2 and 2.7 × 1016cm−2 for CH3OH, HCOOCH3, and (CH3)2O, respectively, at the core of SC.

scholarly journals Integrating paleontology, geothermometry, and sedimentology in determining the history of the Reelfoot Basin, southern midcontinent, U.S.A.

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 243-243
Author(s):  
J.E. Repetski ◽  
M.E. Taylor ◽  
D.S. Collins ◽  
A.R. Palmer ◽  
G.D. Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Short Interval ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Seismic Zone ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Early Ordovician ◽  
Lower Ordovician ◽  
History Of

The northeast-trending Reelfoot basin, extending from northeast Arkansas and westernmost Tennessee into southeastern Missouri, southernmost Illinois, and westernmost Kentucky, is geologically, and socioeconomically, significant because it is co-extensive with the New Madrid Seismic Zone, one of the most seismically active areas of the central and eastern United States. The basin has been periodically active from its inception as a rift basin in the Proterozoic to the present and has accumulated up to at least 5,000 m of sediment, including up to at least 1 km of Cretaceous and Tertiary sedimentary strata near the head of the Mississippi Embayment. Structural and stratigraphic interpretations within the subsurface pre-Mesozoic part of the basin have been based almost entirely on geophysical and physical stratigraphic criteria; these interpretations have been loosely constrained due to an extreme sparsity of drillhole data through the Paleozoic sequence. Recent analysis of Cambrian and Ordovician fossils (conodonts, palynomorphs, brachiopods, and trilobites) from cuttings and core from a very few drillholes allows establishment of the beginnings of a verifiable stratigraphy for this part of the sequence. The paleontological data also provide (1) biofacies evidence for interpretations of the depositional setting during part of the Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician interval and (2) thermal maturation data pertaining to the post-depositional geothermal history of these strata.Upper Cambrian phosphatic brachiopods and trilobites provide improved correlations between strata in the basin, the Ozark shelf to the northwest, and the Upper Mississippi River Valley. Cold-water-realm palynomorphs and trilobites from siliciclastic rocks of turbiditic origin in the central part of the Reelfoot basin support an interpretation, based on sedimentary structures in a short interval of core, of a deep-water basinal origin for these strata.Lower Ordovician conodonts provide a biostratigraphy for the carbonate rocks of this part of the sequence; correlations can be made with the shallow-water sequences of the Knox, Prairie du Chien, and Arbuckle Groups, and the Ozark sequence of the adjacent shelf areas to the east, north, and west. The uppermost Lower Ordovician strata in the basin record a short-term incursion of cooler water environments, reflected by the character of both the conodont fauna and the lithofacies. The youngest Paleozoic dates known from the basin south of the Pascola arch are latest Ibexian (Early Ordovician).Thermal alteration indices of both the Cambrian palynomorphs (organic-walled microphytoplankton) and Ordovician conodonts in the deeper parts of the basin, corroborated by fluid inclusion thermometry, vitrinite reflectance, and other geochemical techniques, are of higher values than predicted using any published estimates of overburden burial. These maturation values most likely reflect burial enhanced by the passage of hydrothermal fluids on a regional scale; they place constraints on interpretations of the tectonothermal evolution of the basin.

scholarly journals Assessment of the heterogeneity of hydraulic properties in gravelly outwash plains: a regionally scaled sedimentological analysis in the Munich gravel plain, Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 2657-2674
Author(s):  
Markus Theel ◽  
Peter Huggenberger ◽  
Kai Zosseder
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Pumping Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Conductivity Distribution ◽  
Braided Rivers ◽  
Sedimentary Deposits

AbstractThe favorable overall conditions for the utilization of groundwater in fluvioglacial aquifers are impacted by significant heterogeneity in the hydraulic conductivity, which is related to small-scale facies changes. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of hydraulically relevant hydrofacies types (HF-types), derived by sedimentological analysis, helps to determine the hydraulic conductivity distribution and thus contribute to understanding the hydraulic dynamics in fluvioglacial aquifers. In particular, the HF-type “open framework gravel (OW)”, which occurs with the HF-type “bimodal gravel (BM)” in BM/OW couplings, has an intrinsically high hydraulic conductivity and significantly impacts hydrogeological challenges such as planning excavation-pit drainage or the prognosis of plumes. The present study investigates the properties and spatial occurrence of HF-types in fluvioglacial deposits at regional scale to derive spatial distribution trends of HF-types, by analyzing 12 gravel pits in the Munich gravel plain (southern Germany) as analogues for outwash plains. The results are compared to the reevaluation of 542 pumping tests. Analysis of the HF-types and the pumping test data shows similar small-scale heterogeneities of the hydraulic conductivity, superimposing large-scale trends. High-permeability BM/OW couples and their dependence on recognizable discharge types in the sedimentary deposits explain sharp-bounded small-scale heterogeneities in the hydraulic conductivity distribution from 9.1 × 10−3 to 2.2 × 10−4 m/s. It is also shown that high values of hydraulic conductivity can be interpolated on shorter distance compared to lower values. While the results of the HF-analysis can be transferred to other fluvioglacial settings (e.g. braided rivers), regional trends must be examined with respect to the surrounding topography.

scholarly journals Simulations of Large-Scale Structure Compared to Abell Cluster Distribution

1987 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 323-326
Author(s):  
David J. Batuski ◽  
Adrian Melott ◽  
Jack O. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Scale Structure ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
High Density ◽  
Particle Model ◽  
Flat Universe ◽  
Abell Clusters ◽  
Cluster Distribution ◽  
Abell Cluster

The amount of structure present among the Abell clusters out to redshift z = 0.085 has been compared with numerical supercomputer simulations (with 643 particles) of the isothermal, neutrino, and cold particle models for large-scale structure, assuming a flat universe and H = 50 km sec−1 Mpc−1. High-density clusters of particles were identified in each simulation. Correlation and percolation tests were then used to compare the spatial distribution of these high-density points with the apparent superclustering among Abell clusters. While all of the models had some small superclusters (the neutrino model has too many), none came very close to possessing the extremely extensive structures found in the Abell clusters (generally, disagreement by 2σ or more).A second set of simulations used the cold particle model with Ω = 0.2 and 0.5. The structures found in these simulations were certainly larger than those of the Ω = 1.0 cold particle case, but still > 2σ too small in comparisons with the Abell clusters.

Relationship between the large scale structure of the universe and spatial distribution of GRBs

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
István I. Rácz ◽  
Lajos G. Balázs ◽  
Zsolt Bagoly ◽  
L. Viktor Tóth ◽  
István Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Large Scale Structure ◽  
Scale Structure ◽  
The Universe
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