scholarly journals Relation of maternal birthweight with early pregnancy obesity, gestational diabetes, and offspring macrosomia

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Inger W. Johnsson ◽  
Emelie Lindberger ◽  
Fredrik Ahlsson ◽  
Jan Gustafsson ◽  
Maria E. Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Born Term ◽  
Medical Birth Register ◽  
Swedish Medical

Abstract This study aimed to investigate how maternal birthweight is related to early pregnancy obesity, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and offspring birthweight. Females born term and singleton in Sweden between 1973 and 1995 (N = 305,893) were studied at their first pregnancy. Information regarding their birthweight, early pregnancy body mass index, and pregnancy complications was retrieved from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, as were data on their mothers and offspring. High maternal birthweights (2–3 standard deviation scores (SDS) and >3 SDS) were associated with greater odds of early pregnancy obesity, odds ratio (OR) 1.52 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.42–1.63) and OR 2.06 (CI 1.71–2.49), respectively. A low maternal birthweight (<2 SDS) was associated with greater odds of GDM (OR 2.49, CI 2.00–3.12). No association was found between high maternal birthweight and GDM. A maternal birthweight 2–3 SDS was associated with offspring birthweight 2–3 SDS (OR 3.83, CI 3.44–4.26), and >3 SDS (OR 3.55, CI 2.54–4.97). Corresponding ORs for a maternal birthweight >3 SDS were 5.38 (CI 4.12–7.01) and 6.98 (CI 3.57–13.65), respectively. In conclusion, a high maternal birthweight was positively associated with early pregnancy obesity and offspring macrosomia. A low, but not a high maternal birthweight, was associated with GDM.

scholarly journals The role of obesity and overweight as a factor of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review

2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Victorovich Kapustin ◽  
Ol’ga Nikolaevna Arzhanova ◽  
Olesya Nikolaevna Bespalova ◽  
Vladimir Stepanovich Pakin ◽  
Andrey Gennadievich Kiselev
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Excess Weight

Objective: on the basis of a systematic review, clarify the role of overweight and obesity as a predictor of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Materials and methods: an analysis of the literature data of the leading bibliographic sources - MEDLINE, Cochrane col., EMBASE. To evaluate the body mass index and standards of weight gain during pregnancy used the WHO guidelines and criteria of the Institute of Medicine (2009). The frequency and the odds ratio (OR) of developing GDM was estimated separately for each of the three groups in BMI. Results: A systematic review included 23 different design studies involving 740 510 women. It was found that the odds ratio of the risk of GDM in a group of pregnant women with excess weight is doubled - 2.22 (95 % CI 1.72 - 3.64), and almost four in obesity - 3.88 (95 % CI 2.97 - 5.32). The incidence of GDM in a group of pregnant women with normal body mass index - 3.77 % in the group with excess body weight - 6.59 %, in the group with obesity - 9.88 %. Conclusions: The obtained strong evidence of a direct connection between the linear increase in maternal BMI and the risk of developing gestational diabetes. Pregnant women with excess weight and obesity are at high risk for carbohydrate disorders during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The Predictive Effects of Early Pregnancy Lipid Profiles and Fasting Glucose on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Stratified by Body Mass Index

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Weiwei Zhu ◽  
Yumei Wei ◽  
Rina Su ◽  
Hui Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol

This study aimed at evaluating the predictive effects of early pregnancy lipid profiles and fasting glucose on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in patients stratified by prepregnancy body mass index (p-BMI) and to determine the optimal cut-off values of each indicator for different p-BMI ranges. A retrospective system cluster sampling survey was conducted in Beijing during 2013 and a total of 5,265 singleton pregnancies without prepregnancy diabetes were included. The information for each participant was collected individually using questionnaires and medical records. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operator characteristics analysis were used in the analysis. Outcomes showed that potential markers for the prediction of GDM include early pregnancy lipid profiles (cholesterol, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios [LDL-C/HDL-C], and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios [TG/HDL-C]) and fasting glucose, of which fasting glucose level was the most accurate indicator. Furthermore, the predictive effects and cut-off values for these factors varied according to p-BMI. Thus, p-BMI should be a consideration for the risk assessment of pregnant patients for GDM development.

scholarly journals Effects of Primary Aldosteronism and Different Therapeutic Modalities on Glucose Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi Kyung Kwak ◽  
Jee Yang Lee ◽  
Beom-Jun Kim ◽  
Seung Hun Lee ◽  
Jung-Min Koh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Subclinical Hypercortisolism ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Glucose Status

Despite findings that aldosterone impairs glucose metabolism, studies concerning the effect of primary aldosteronism (PA) and its treatment on glucose metabolism are controversial. We aimed to determine glucose metabolism in PA and the effect of the treatment modality. We compared glucose metabolism between PA patients (N = 286) and age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched controls (N = 816), and the changes in glucose metabolism depending on the treatment modality (adrenalectomy vs. spironolactone treatment). Hyperglycemia including diabetes mellitus (DM; 19.6% vs. 13.1%, p = 0.011) was more frequent in PA patients. Hyperglycemia was also more frequent in PA patients without subclinical hypercortisolism (SH: p < 0.001) and in those regardless of hypokalemia (p < 0.001–0.001). PA patients and PA patients without SH had higher DM risk (odds ratio (OR); 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.63; 1.11–2.39 and 1.65; 1.08–2.51, respectively) after adjusting confounders. In PA patients, there was significant decrease in the DM prevalence (21.3% to 16.7%, p = 0.004) and fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.006) after adrenalectomy. However, there was no significant change in them after spironolactone treatment. Adrenalectomy was associated with more improved glucose status than spironolactone treatment (OR; 95% CI: 2.07; 1.10–3.90). Glucose metabolism was impaired in PA, regardless of hypokalemia and SH status, and was improved by adrenalectomy, but not spironolactone treatment.

Circulating fatty acids and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: prospective analyses in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong-Fei Pan ◽  
Yichao Huang ◽  
Xinping Li ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Yi Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Central China ◽  
Western China ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase

Objective We aimed to examine prospective associations between circulating fatty acids in early pregnancy and incident gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among Chinese pregnant women. Methods Analyses were based on two prospective nested case-control studies conducted in western China (336 GDM cases and 672 matched controls) and central China (305 cases and 305 matched controls). Fasting plasma fatty acids in early pregnancy (gestational age at enrollment: 10.4 weeks [standard deviation, 2.0]) and 13.2 weeks [1.0], respectively) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and GDM was diagnosed based on the International Association of Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Groups criteria during 24-28 weeks of gestation. Multiple metabolic biomarkers (HOMA-IR [homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance], HbA1c, c-peptide, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin, and blood lipids) were additionally measured among 672 non-GDM controls at enrollment. Results Higher levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) 14:0 (pooled odds ratio, 1.41 for each 1-standard deviation increase; 95% confidence interval, 1.25, 1.59) and 16:0 (1.19; 1.05, 1.35) were associated with higher odds of GDM. Higher levels of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) 18:2n-6 was strongly associated with lower odds of GDM (0.69; 0.60, 0.80). In non-GDM pregnant women, higher SFAs 14:0 and 16:0 but lower n-6 PUFA 18:2n-6 were generally correlated with unfavorable metabolic profiles. Conclusions We documented adverse associations of 14:0 and 16:0 but a protective association of 18:2n-6 with GDM among Chinese pregnant women. Our findings highlight the distinct roles of specific fatty acids in the onset of GDM.

Thyroid function in pregnant women; relation to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Body Mass Index (BMI)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Simeakis ◽  
Evangelia Vogiatzi ◽  
Panagiota Konstantakou ◽  
Evangelia Zapanti ◽  
Katerina Saltiki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Thyroid Function
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