scholarly journals The People and the Poster: Theorizing the Soviet Viewer, 1920–1931

Slavic Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 717-737
Author(s):  
Mollie Arbuthnot
Keyword(s):  
Political Art ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Modern Subject ◽  
The People ◽  
Intellectual Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between political posters and their intended viewers was the focus of numerous texts in the 1920s; this article analyzes the ways in which Soviet theorists sought to understand this relationship. They operated in an intellectual context that tried to conceive the modern subject as an active consumer and co-creator, rather than a passive audience. Their study of the contexts of viewing, of display practices and of the role of the viewer as an active participant in the creation of meaning, caused concern about the risk of misunderstandings and led to calls for images to address specific audiences with greater clarity. Many imagined that audiences and producers of images were in dialogue with one another, negotiating over the content, form, and function of political art. The image would thus mediate the relationship between individual and state, integrating political messages into everyday life, and aiming to integrate the individual into the process and practice of propaganda.

1. Everything has structure

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Blockley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Structural Engineering ◽  
Fitness For Purpose ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
And Function ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

‘Everything has structure’ considers the fundamental nature and role of structure and the relationship of structural engineering with other engineering disciplines and with architecture. Decision making is driven by the purpose of a man-made structure and how ‘fitness for purpose’ is realised. There is a need to understand how forces flow through a structure in order to ensure it meets its primary purpose of being strong and safe whilst at the same time meeting many other needs such as affordability, aesthetic, and regulatory and environmental criteria. The best structures are a harmony of architecture and engineering—where form and function are one and the flow of forces is logical.

The Left Needs Rhythm

2019 ◽  
pp. 181-218
Author(s):  
Sarah Ehlers
Keyword(s):  
Political Community ◽  
Community Formation ◽  
Popular Front ◽  
Jewish American ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Lorine Niedecker ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter considers the role of the archive in left literary studies through a recovery of Jewish-American communist poet Martha Millet. Specifically, it uses Millet’s work to trace a history and theory of poetic rhythm that rethinks the relationship between modernist poetic forms and left politics. The chapter’s first section uses Millet’s involvement with the children’s magazine The New Pioneer to unpack the historical relationship between traditional forms and political community formation. The generic histories enacted by communist children’s poems provide a foundation for considering how rhythm was evoked in Popular Front and antifascist poetic discourses. The second section argues that during the Popular Front diverse traditional genres were collapsed into an ideal rhythmic poem, where rhythm described both form and function. The third section focuses on Millet’s contributions to Seven Poets in Search of an Answer (1944) to demonstrate how rhythm was redefined in antifascist discourses. Throughout, the chapter suggests how Millet’s poetry might be read in relation to poets such as Carl Sandburg, Lorine Niedecker, and Kenneth Fearing. A coda returns to Millet’s Cold War criticism in order to ask what is at stake in her critical erasure and her critical recovery.

Bentuk dan Fungsi Musik Dol pada Masyarakat Kota Bengkulu

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Kurniawan ◽  
Zelly Marissa Haque
Keyword(s):  
Community Integration ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Emotional Disclosure ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The People ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>This article discusses the form and function of Dol music in Bengkulu city society. This study uses qualitative methods, data collection is done by observation, interviews, and documentation. </em><em>The results of this study indicate that Dol music is an important element integrated in the Tabot ritual procession in the city of Bengkulu. 3 Dol music reporters in carrying out Tabot rituals, namely tamatam, swena, and sweri. The role of Dol music in the procession is to express the musical spirit of ritua tabot namely struggle, war and sadness. The existence of Dol music performance both in the context of Tabot rituals, as well as its development outside the Tabot event contest, has important values and functions for the community namely; 1) Functioning as entertainment for the community, 2) The function of emotional disclosure, seen from the emotional overflow of players in the </em><em>“beruji Dol” 3) functions as a ratification of social institutions, in this case Dol music is an important requirement in the Tabot ceremony, 4) symbolic function, as a symbol manifested through musical aspects expressing sadness or the spirit of warfare, 5) the function of community integration, uniting the community in togetherness and being involved in the wisdom of the Tabot ceremony, and 6) the function of cultural continuity; the existence of Dol music as a form of effort to preserve and strengthen the cultural identity of the people of Bengkulu city.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords : </em></strong><em>Dol music, Tabot </em><em>Rital, Form, Function</em></p><p class="SammaryHeader" align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p><em>Artikel ini membahas tentang bentuk dan fungsi musik Dol dalam kehidupan masyarakat kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Permasalahan dibahas melalui deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa musik Dol merupakan unsur penting yang terintegrasi dalam prosesi upacara Tabot di kota Bengkulu. Terdapat 3 reportoar musik Dol dalam pelaksanaan upacara Tabot yakni tamatam, swena, dan sweri. Adapun  peran musik Dol pada prosesi tersebut adalah mengekspresikan secara musikal </em><em>spirit</em><em> dari upacara yakni perjuangan,</em><em> perperangan </em><em>dan </em><em>kesedihan</em><em>.</em><em> Keberadaan seni pertunjukan musik Dol baik dalam konteks ritual Tabot, maupun perkembangnganya diluar kontes uapacara Tabot, memiliki nilai dan fungsi penting bagi masyarakatnya yakni; 1) Berfungsi Sebagai hiburan bagi masyarakat, 2)Fungsi pengungkapan emosional, terlihat dari peluapan emosional pemain pada prosesi “beruji Dol” 3) berfungsi sebagai pengesah lembaga sosial, dalam hal ini musik Dol merupakan syarat penting dalam upacara Tabot, 4) fungsi perlambangan, sebagai simbol yang diwujudkan melalui aspek musikal yang mengekspresikan kesedihan ataupun spirit perperangan, 5) fungsi pengintegrasian masyarakat, menyatukan masyarakat dalam kebersamaan dan terlibat dalam hikmatnya upacara Tabot, dan 6) fungsi kesenambungan budaya; eksistensi musik Dol sebagai bentuk usaha pelestarian dan penguatan idenitas budaya masyarakat kota Bengkulu.</em></p><strong><em>Kata kunci : </em></strong><em>Musik Dol, upacara Tabot, Bentuk, Fungsi</em>

scholarly journals The church and the secular: The effect of the post-secular on Christianity

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaco Beyers
Keyword(s):  
Civil Religion ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
New Era ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

Paradigms determine relationships. During the Enlightenment period Emile Durkheim proposed a relationship between the sacred and the profane. Religion, which is concerned with the sacred, was defined in terms of being different from the profane. The profane came to denote the secular. The organic character of religion caused some scholars to predict the end of the church at the hand of modernisation and rationalisation. Some scholars instead envisaged a new form and function of the church. Some scholars anticipated the growth of Christianity. Reality shows that Christianity has not died out but seems to be growing. The new era we are currently in (identified as the postmodern) has been described as the post-secular age where a process of re-sacralisation takes place. How will the post-secular influence the church? What will the relationship between the church and the secular be like under a new paradigm? This article suggests that within a postmodern paradigm, the post-secular will emphasise the place of the individual in the church. Fragmentation of society will also be the result of the post-secular. Religiosity in future will have to contend with fundamentalism and civil religion.

scholarly journals pS421 huntingtin modulates mitochondrial phenotypes and confers neuroprotection in an HD hiPSC model

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Xu ◽  
Bryan Ng ◽  
Bernice Sim ◽  
Carola I. Radulescu ◽  
Nur Amirah Binte Mohammad Yusof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Genetic Context

Abstract Huntington disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutant huntingtin (mHTT). Phosphorylation at serine-421 (pS421) of mHTT has been shown to be neuroprotective in cellular and rodent models. However, the genetic context of these models differs from that of HD patients. Here we employed human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which express endogenous full-length mHTT. Using genome editing, we generated isogenic hiPSC lines in which the S421 site in mHTT has been mutated into a phospho-mimetic aspartic acid (S421D) or phospho-resistant alanine (S421A). We observed that S421D, rather than S421A, confers neuroprotection in hiPSC-derived neural cells. Although we observed no effect of S421D on mHTT clearance or axonal transport, two aspects previously reported to be impacted by phosphorylation of mHTT at S421, our analysis revealed modulation of several aspects of mitochondrial form and function. These include mitochondrial surface area, volume, and counts, as well as improved mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative phosphorylation. Our study validates the protective role of pS421 on mHTT and highlights a facet of the relationship between mHTT and mitochondrial changes in the context of human physiology with potential relevance to the pathogenesis of HD.

scholarly journals Bentuk dan Fungsi Musik Dol pada Masyarakat Kota Bengkulu

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfan Kurniawan ◽  
Zelly Marissa Haque
Keyword(s):  
Community Integration ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Emotional Disclosure ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
The People ◽  
And Function ◽  
The City

This article discusses the form and function of Dol music in Bengkulu city society. This study uses qualitative methods, data collection is done by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that Dol music is an important element integrated in the Tabot ritual procession in the city of Bengkulu. 3 Dol music reporters in carrying out Tabot rituals, namely tamatam, swena, and sweri. The role of Dol music in the procession is to express the musical spirit of ritua tabot namely struggle, war and sadness. The existence of Dol music performance both in the context of Tabot rituals, as well as its development outside the Tabot event contest, has important values and functions for the community namely; 1) Functioning as entertainment for the community, 2) The function of emotional disclosure, seen from the emotional overflow of players in the “beruji Dol” 3) functions as a ratification of social institutions, in this case Dol music is an important requirement in the Tabot ceremony, 4) symbolic function, as a symbol manifested through musical aspects expressing sadness or the spirit of warfare, 5) the function of community integration, uniting the community in togetherness and being involved in the wisdom of the Tabot ceremony, and 6) the function of cultural continuity; the existence of Dol music as a form of effort to preserve and strengthen the cultural identity of the people of Bengkulu city.

scholarly journals ROZWIJANIE ROZUMIENIA PUBLICYSTYCZNYCH AUDYCJI RADIOWYCH: SPECYFIKA ETAPU POPRZEDZAJĄCEGO SŁUCHANIE

Neofilolog ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 59-77
Author(s):  
Joanna Górecka ◽  
Bernadeta Wojciechowska
Keyword(s):  
Form And Function ◽  
Advanced Students ◽  
Current Affairs ◽  
Comprehension Process ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Communicative Actions ◽  
Radio Programs ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

The paper focuses on the development of the listening comprehension of advanced students of French as a foreign language and concerns current affairs radio programs. It presents the main conclusions discussed with reference to one of the problems researched within a larger academic project conducted from 2010 to 2013. The aim of the paper is to determine some essential principles that should guide the development of questions in the pre-listening stage so that, during the subsequent while-listening stage, they could foster the individual comprehension process. The conclusions emphasize the relationship between the form and function of these pre-listening stage questions and the quality of cognitive and communicative actions performed by the listeners.

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) of DNA and RNA

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
Patricia G. Arscott ◽  
Gil Lee ◽  
Victor A. Bloomfield ◽  
D. Fennell Evans
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Resolving Power ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Calf Thymus ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Relationship

STM is one of the most promising techniques available for visualizing the fine details of biomolecular structure. It has been used to map the surface topography of inorganic materials in atomic dimensions, and thus has the resolving power not only to determine the conformation of small molecules but to distinguish site-specific features within a molecule. That level of detail is of critical importance in understanding the relationship between form and function in biological systems. The size, shape, and accessibility of molecular structures can be determined much more accurately by STM than by electron microscopy since no staining, shadowing or labeling with heavy metals is required, and there is no exposure to damaging radiation by electrons. Crystallography and most other physical techniques do not give information about individual molecules.We have obtained striking images of DNA and RNA, using calf thymus DNA and two synthetic polynucleotides, poly(dG-me5dC)·poly(dG-me5dC) and poly(rA)·poly(rU).

CHILD-PARENT RELATIONS AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL PREFERENCES IN PEDAGOGICAL DYNASTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
N. V. SHAMANIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Parent Child Relationships ◽  
Professional Preferences ◽  
Parent Child

The article raises the issue of the relationship of parent-child relationships and professional preferences in pedagogical dynasties. Particular attention is paid to the role of the family in the professional development of the individual. It has been suggested that there is a relationship between parent-child relationships and professional preferences.

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