Contexts of Trends in the Catholic Church's Male Workforce:Chile, Ireland, and Poland Compared

Using case pattern analysis, this study examines Catholic male workforce trends in the majority Catholic countries of Chile, Ireland, and Poland. Employing denominational data for three categories of church male professionals in the 1950–2010 time period, I document four important trends. First, ordinations to the diocesan priesthood in Ireland went into decline especially after Vatican II, have been relatively stable in Chile with only a moderate increase in the 1990s, and spiked in Poland in the 1980s, 20 years after Vatican II. Second, in all three countries the average defection rate among diocesan seminarians increased in the 2000s compared with the earlier two decades. Third, the religious priest workforce has declined in Chile, has been relatively stable in Ireland until the 2000s, and is growing in Poland. Fourth, from the late 1960s there has been a decline in the workforce of religious brothers in each country, especially in Ireland. The theoretical contribution to the Catholic workforce literature is discussed in terms of a critical events argument emphasizing the impact of Vatican II, prophetic stances, sexual scandals, and papal visits on labor market trends. I conclude with implications for the study of religion and society in general.

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Skills and their impact on labor market performance using European cross-country evidence

International Journal of Language Translation and Intercultural Communication ◽

10.12681/ijltic.16931 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 45

Author(s):

GEORGIOS GIOTIS

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Elementary Education ◽

Market Performance ◽

European Countries ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Problem Solving Skills ◽

Unemployment Rates ◽

Time Period ◽

Software Skills ◽

The Impact

The impact of skills on labor market performance is a topic which has attracted a growing attention during the last years and has become a major concern among policy makers. In this paper, I discuss on the skill needs in Europe and skill shortages and surpluses as well. Moreover, I examine five important dimensions of skills: information skills, communication skills, problem solving skills, software skills and digital skills. For all of them I have found negative correlation with unemployment rates, findings which suggest that these skills can improve the employment prospects and reduce the skill mismatch in the workplace. Finally, I estimate the effect of three levels of education on unemployment rates across a sample of 28 European countries for the 1999-2016 time period. Both tertiary and elementary education seem to reduce unemployment for European countries, while secondary education is connected with increased unemployment rates.

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Implications of higher retirement age for the labor market

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2017-3-22-39 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 22-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. Ivanova ◽

A. Balaev ◽

E. Gurvich

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Labor Market ◽

Labor Supply ◽

Labor Force ◽

Labor Demand ◽

Retirement Age ◽

Demographic Trends ◽

Men And Women ◽

Demographic Projections ◽

The Impact

The paper considers the impact of the increase in retirement age on labor supply and economic growth. Combining own estimates of labor participation and demographic projections by the Rosstat, the authors predict marked fall in the labor force (by 5.6 million persons over 2016-2030). Labor demand is also going down but to a lesser degree. If vigorous measures are not implemented, the labor force shortage will reach 6% of the labor force by the period end, thus restraining economic growth. Even rapid and ambitious increase in the retirement age (by 1 year each year to 65 years for both men and women) can only partially mitigate the adverse consequences of demographic trends.

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Income and Life Quality of Farmer Households Suffering Social Exclusion

Journal of Economics and Development ◽

10.33301/2012.14.03.04 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 63-87

Author(s):

Anh Mai Ngoc ◽

Ha Do Thi Hai ◽

Huyen Nguyen Thi Ngoc

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Statistical Method ◽

Social Exclusion ◽

Central Government ◽

Life Quality ◽

Economic Aspect ◽

Local Authorities ◽

The Impact

This study uses descriptive statistical method to analyze the income and life qual- ity of 397 farmer households who are suffering social exclusion in an economic aspect out of a total of 725 households surveyed in five Northern provinces of Vietnam in 2010. The farmers’ opinions of the impact of the policies currently prac- ticed by the central government and local authorities to give them access to the labor market are also analyzed in this study to help management officers see how the poli- cies affect the beneficiaries so that they can later make appropriate adjustments.

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The Impact of the Public Expenditure Cuts Policy on the Labor Market in Vietnam

Journal of Economics and Development ◽

10.33301/2012.14.03.02 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 22-46

Author(s):

Huong Nguyen Thi Lan ◽

Toan Pham Ngoc

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Computable General Equilibrium ◽

Impact Evaluation ◽

Public Expenditure ◽

Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽

Living Standard ◽

Input Output ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Public ◽

The Impact

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of public expenditure cuts on employment and income to support policies for the development of the labor mar- ket. Impact evaluation is of interest for policy makers as well as researchers. This paper presents a method – that is based on a Computable General Equilibrium model – to analyse the impact of the public expenditure cuts policy on employment and income in industries and occupations in Vietnam using macro data, the Input output table, 2006, 2008 and the 2010 Vietnam Household Living Standard Survey.

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Empowering Women Entrepreneurs Through Microfinance - A Case of Rural Bangladesh

ADVANCES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ◽

10.24191/abrij.v3i2.10092 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 7

Author(s):

Saida Parvin

Keyword(s):

Women's Empowerment ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Women’S Empowerment ◽

Case Study Method ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Theoretical Contribution ◽

Donor Agencies ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Impact

Women’s empowerment has been at the centre of research focus for many decades. Extant literature examined the process, outcome and various challenges. Some claimed substantial success, while others contradicted with evidence of failure. But the success remains a matter of debate due to lack of empirical evidence of actual empowerment of women around the world. The current study aimed to address this gap by taking a case study method. The study critically evaluates 20 cases carefully sampled to include representatives from the entire country of Bangladesh. The study demonstrates popular beliefs about microfinance often misguide even the borrowers and they start living in a fabricated feeling of empowerment, facing real challenges to achieve true empowerment in their lives. The impact of this finding is twofold; firstly there is a theoretical contribution, where the definition of women’s empowerment is proposed to be revisited considering findings from these cases. And lastly, the policy makers at governmental and non-governmental organisations, and multinational donor agencies need to revise their assessment tools for funding.

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Populist Hysteria and Eastern European Economic Migration. The Impact of Romanian Migration on the UK Labor Market

Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Studia Europaea ◽

10.24193/subbeuropaea.2017.3.03 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 55-79

Author(s):

Dana Dömșödi ◽

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Eastern European ◽

European Economic ◽

Economic Migration ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

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Evaluating the return on religious capital in the Russian labor market

Economic Analysis Theory and Practice ◽

10.24891/ea.19.9.1671 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 1671-1694

Author(s):

R.M. Mel'nikov

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Religious Identity ◽

Work Experience ◽

Church Attendance ◽

Satisfaction With Life ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Religious Commitment ◽

Religious Faith ◽

Religious Capital ◽

The Impact

Subject. The article addresses the impact of religious confession on wages and the likelihood of unemployment in Russia. Objectives. The aim is to test the hypothesis that religious faith and high church attendance are accompanied by an increase in employment earnings. Methods. Using the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey data, I estimate the Mincer's extended equation with variables that characterize the respondent’s religious commitment. To assess the impact of religious identity and the activity rate of attendance at religious services on the likelihood of unemployment and life satisfaction, I use probit models. Results. The estimates demonstrate that the Russian labor market rewards men with moderate and high degree of religious commitment; their wage growth reaches seventeen percent of the level of non-believers with comparable education and work experience. However, faithful Muslim women are employed in the lowest paid areas. Religious faith and regular church attendance have a positive effect on satisfaction with life (significant for Orthodox Christian women). Conclusions. Positive impact of religious capital on income and employment can be attributed to the development of business qualities that are rewarded in the labor market, the mutual support of religious network participants. Therefore, it possible to consider religious capital, along with educational capital and health capital, as a component of human capital and a factor of socio-economic development.

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