Design of a TiO2 Coated Film in a Batch Reactor: Nanoparticle Film Synthesis and Optimization for Contaminant Degradation and Modeling

Author(s):  
Deepa C. Khandekar ◽  
Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya
2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1742-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Yonggang Guo ◽  
Pingyu Zhang ◽  
Zhishen Wu ◽  
Zhijun Zhang

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Lalhriatpuia

Nanopillars-TiO2 thin films was obtained on a borosilicate glass substrate with (S1) and without (S2) polyethylene glycol as template. The photocatalytic behaviour of S1 and S2 thin films was assessed inthe degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye from aqueous solution under batch reactor operations. The thin films were characterized by the SEM, XRD, FTIR and AFM analytical methods. BET specific surface area and pore sizes were also obtained. The XRD data confirmed that the TiO2 particles are in its anatase mineral phase. The SEM and AFM images indicated the catalyst is composed with nanosized pillars of TiO2, evenly distributed on the surface of the substrate. The BET specific surface area and pore sizes of S1 and S2 catalyst were found to be 5.217 and 1.420 m2/g and 7.77 and 4.16 nm respectively. The photocatalytic degradation of MB was well studied at wide range of physico-chemical parameters. The effect of solution pH (pH 4.0 to 10.0) and MB initial concentration (1.0 to 10.0 mg/L) was extensively studied and the effect of several interfering ions, i.e., cadmium nitrate, copper sulfate, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, glycine, oxalic acid and EDTA in the photocatalytic degradation of MB was demonstrated. The maximum percent removal of MB was observed at pH 8.0 beyond which it started decreasing and a low initial concentration of the pollutant highly favoured the photocatalytic degradation using thin films and the presence of several interfering ions diminished the photocatalytic activity of thin films to some extent. The overall photocatalytic activity was in the order: S2 > S1 > UV. The photocatalytic degradation of MB was followed the pseudo-first-order rate kinetics. The mineralization of MB was studied with total organic carbon measurement using the TOC (total organic carbon) analysis.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Lindawati Lindawati

Reduction of food rations and shortages is one of the impacts of the increasing human population. Food sector industries then try to cope with the fast growing number of customers. Agribusiness sector gains its popularity in these recent years, including pig farm. The increase trend of animal farming industry is likely to bring increasing pollution problem unless effective treatment methods are used. The main problems related to the pig farm include odor nuisance and pig manure disposal. The existing land application of piggery wastewater is the traditional way to discharge the wastewater. This may yield in land and water contamination, due to the accumulation of unused nutrients by crop plant. A case study of a large commercial pig farm from Australia is proposed to apply in smaller scale in Indonesia. Operational strategies for the small-scale SBR (Sequencing Batch Reactor) treating piggery effluent were developed based on lab-scale experiments. Due to SBR characteristics, which are money-saving and space-saving, it is very suitable to be applied in urban area. An economic evaluation was made of various process options. The cost estimation showed that SBR is a cost effective process, allowing operational batches to be adjusted to reduce unnecessary aeration cost. A reduction in the aeration cost was achieved by shortening the batch time from 24-h to 8-h. A comparison of three different SBR options showed that smaller size reactors could be more flexible and cost effective when compared with the larger ones.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lindawati Lindawati

Sebuah Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) digunakan untuk mengevaluasi peranan Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) biosensor dalam proses optimasi proses pengolahan nutrien karbon, nitrogen dan fosfat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BOD biosensor dapat dipergunakan untuk penentuan karbon organik, sehingga reduksi siklus SBR dapat dilakukan dan efisiensi proses meningkat. Pola konsumsi karbon organik ditemukan dengan adanya ‘tanda diam’ pada fase anoksik/ anaerobik, di mana dari tanda ini, fase aerobik dapat segera dimulai. Reduksi durasi siklus SBR dari 8 jam menjadi 4 jam meningkatkan efiesiensi pengolahan C, N dan P yang meningkat pula (hampir dua kali lebih tinggi).


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Gabriel Baldovino Medrano ◽  
Karen V. Caballero ◽  
Hernando Guerrero-Amaya

Turnover rates for glycerol esterification with acetic acid over Amberlyst-35 were measured under different temperatures, reactants and active sites concentrations, and catalyst particle sizes. Data were collected in a batch reactor. Experiments were done following a sequence of factorial experimental designs.


2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 2196-2203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Crisan ◽  
Gheorghe Maria

Novel coupled enzymatic systems reported important applications in the industrial bio-catalysis. Multi-enzymatic reactions can successfully replace complex chemical syntheses, using milder reaction conditions, and generating less waste. For such systems acting simultaneously, the model-based engineering calculations (design, reactor operation optimization) are difficult tasks, because they must account for interacting reactions, differences in enzymes optimal activity domains and deactivation kinetics. The determination of the optimal operating mode (enzyme ratios, enzyme feeding policy, temperature, pH) often turns into a difficult multi-objective optimization problem with multiple constraints to be solved for every particular system. The paper focuses on applying a modular screening procedure that can identify the optimal operating policy of an enzymatic reactor, which minimizes the enzyme consumption, given the process kinetic model, and an imposed production capacity. Following an optimization procedure, the process effectiveness is evaluated in a systematic approach, by including simple batch reactor (BR), batch with intermittent addition of the key-enzyme following certain optimal policies (BRP). Exemplification is made for the case of the enzymatic reduction of D-fructose to mannitol by using suspended MDH (mannitol dehydrogenase) and NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) cofactor, with the in-situ continuous regeneration of the cofactor by the expense of formate degradation in the presence of suspended FDH (Formate dehydrogenase).


1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 593-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew T. Watkin ◽  
W. Wesley Eckenfelder

A technique for rapidly determining Monod and inhibition kinetic parameters in activated sludge is evaluated. The method studied is known as the fed-batch reactor technique and requires approximately three hours to complete. The technique allows for a gradual build-up of substrate in the test reactor by introducing the substrate at a feed rate greater than the maximum substrate utilization rate. Both inhibitory and non-inhibitory substrate responses are modeled using a nonlinear numerical curve-fitting technique. The responses of both glucose and 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) are studied using activated sludges with various acclimation histories. Statistically different inhibition constants, KI, for DCP inhibition of glucose utilization were found for the various sludges studied. The curve-fitting algorithm was verified in its ability to accurately retrieve two kinetic parameters from synthetic data generated by superimposing normally distributed random error onto the two parameter numerical solution generated by the algorithm.


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